Two tri(2-chlorobenzyl)tin(IV) complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands (2-Cl- C6H4CH2)3SnS2CN(C5H10) 1 and (2-Cl-C6H4CH2)3SnS2CN(C4H9N) 2 have been synthesized by the reaction of tri(2-chlorobenzyl)tin(IV) chloride wit...Two tri(2-chlorobenzyl)tin(IV) complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands (2-Cl- C6H4CH2)3SnS2CN(C5H10) 1 and (2-Cl-C6H4CH2)3SnS2CN(C4H9N) 2 have been synthesized by the reaction of tri(2-chlorobenzyl)tin(IV) chloride with dithiocarbamates and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR. The crystal structures were determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal of complex 1 belongs to triclinic, space group P with a = 9.121(5), b = 10.788(6), c = 15.549(8) ? a = 77.812(6), b = 88.279(8), g = 72.023(6)o, Z = 2, V = 1421.5(13) ?, Dc = 1.532 g/cm3, ?= 1.344 mm-1, F(000) = 660, R = 0.0382 and wR = 0.0984; and that of complex 2 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 13.892(10), b = 2.1274(8), c = 2.0553(15) ? b = 107.145(11)o, Z = 4, V = 2726(3) ?, Dc = 1.600 g/cm3, ?= 1.403 mm-1, F(000) = 1320, R = 0.0361 and wR = 0.0826. Their structures show a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration with five- coordination for the central tin atoms.展开更多
The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce undesired effects. Bark powder ofDrypetes gossweileri is used by farmers in ...The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce undesired effects. Bark powder ofDrypetes gossweileri is used by farmers in pest management in Central Africa Republic. Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol were used for extraction bark powder by maceration. Insecticidal activity of the extracts was tested on Sitophilus zeamais, Tribolium castaneum and Rhy_-opertha dominica. The mortality rate, the number of surviving insects and the number of emerged insects were measured variables. Calculated mortality was obtained by applying Aboth＇s formula. The variables are submitted to variance analysis, model with four factors （plants, insects, doses and time） in Minitab 14. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered （P 〈 0.001）. Extracts with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane of D. gossweileri are effective against S. zeamais and R. dominica at high doses （1, 0.5, 0.250 g/10 mL of solvent）. These effective extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as l-isothiocyanatomethyl, thiocyanic acid, phenylmethyl ester and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use olD. gossweileri in pest management.展开更多
Because of the toxic effects of plasticizers, mainly the phthalate DEHP, the Children＇s Hospital Kinderklinik Glanzing in Vienna, Austria started in 2000 replacing PVC-containing medical devices by PVC-free material....Because of the toxic effects of plasticizers, mainly the phthalate DEHP, the Children＇s Hospital Kinderklinik Glanzing in Vienna, Austria started in 2000 replacing PVC-containing medical devices by PVC-free material. After analysis of suspected PVC-containing medical products a PVC input-output balance was established. Through linkage with the consumption data PVC-containing articles could be identified. PVC-free alternatives for medical use were searched as well by literature research as by questioning the manufactures. Then medical producers were asked to confirm PVC free articles. PVC content of invasive medical products could be reduced from 343 kg and 14.6 % weight in 2001 to 178 kg and 7.6% weight in 2010.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20271025) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. L2003B01)
文摘Two tri(2-chlorobenzyl)tin(IV) complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands (2-Cl- C6H4CH2)3SnS2CN(C5H10) 1 and (2-Cl-C6H4CH2)3SnS2CN(C4H9N) 2 have been synthesized by the reaction of tri(2-chlorobenzyl)tin(IV) chloride with dithiocarbamates and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR. The crystal structures were determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal of complex 1 belongs to triclinic, space group P with a = 9.121(5), b = 10.788(6), c = 15.549(8) ? a = 77.812(6), b = 88.279(8), g = 72.023(6)o, Z = 2, V = 1421.5(13) ?, Dc = 1.532 g/cm3, ?= 1.344 mm-1, F(000) = 660, R = 0.0382 and wR = 0.0984; and that of complex 2 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 13.892(10), b = 2.1274(8), c = 2.0553(15) ? b = 107.145(11)o, Z = 4, V = 2726(3) ?, Dc = 1.600 g/cm3, ?= 1.403 mm-1, F(000) = 1320, R = 0.0361 and wR = 0.0826. Their structures show a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration with five- coordination for the central tin atoms.
文摘The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce undesired effects. Bark powder ofDrypetes gossweileri is used by farmers in pest management in Central Africa Republic. Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol were used for extraction bark powder by maceration. Insecticidal activity of the extracts was tested on Sitophilus zeamais, Tribolium castaneum and Rhy_-opertha dominica. The mortality rate, the number of surviving insects and the number of emerged insects were measured variables. Calculated mortality was obtained by applying Aboth＇s formula. The variables are submitted to variance analysis, model with four factors （plants, insects, doses and time） in Minitab 14. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered （P 〈 0.001）. Extracts with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane of D. gossweileri are effective against S. zeamais and R. dominica at high doses （1, 0.5, 0.250 g/10 mL of solvent）. These effective extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as l-isothiocyanatomethyl, thiocyanic acid, phenylmethyl ester and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use olD. gossweileri in pest management.
文摘Because of the toxic effects of plasticizers, mainly the phthalate DEHP, the Children＇s Hospital Kinderklinik Glanzing in Vienna, Austria started in 2000 replacing PVC-containing medical devices by PVC-free material. After analysis of suspected PVC-containing medical products a PVC input-output balance was established. Through linkage with the consumption data PVC-containing articles could be identified. PVC-free alternatives for medical use were searched as well by literature research as by questioning the manufactures. Then medical producers were asked to confirm PVC free articles. PVC content of invasive medical products could be reduced from 343 kg and 14.6 % weight in 2001 to 178 kg and 7.6% weight in 2010.
