离子色谱法测定饮用水中微量无机消毒副产物——ClO_2^-、ClO_3^-和BrO_3^-

饮用水消毒过程中产生的有机与无机副产物的危害逐渐成为人们普遍关注的问题。本文针对给水处理消毒过程中产生的主要无机副产物的测定开展了系统的研究工作。建立了用离子色谱法同时检测饮用水中微量无机副产物———ClO2-、ClO3-、BrO3-的方法,对测定的色谱条件和最佳的淋洗液浓度、流速及仪器灵敏度范围等进行了探讨,找出了离子色谱法分析这些无机消毒副产物的最佳分析条件。试验结果表明,该测定方法测定准确、灵敏度高、重现性好。对于ClO-、ClO-和BrO-的最低检出限分别为0.02mg/L、0.03mg/L和0.01mg/L。

ClO_2消毒涉及毒性问题的探讨

对二氧化氯 Cl O2 消毒无机副产物亚氯酸盐 Cl O2 - 和氯酸盐 Cl O3- 来源进行了分析 ,高浓度的 Cl O2 、Cl O2 - 和 Cl O3- 的毒性主要与血液系统有关 ,在相当于人饮用 Cl O2 、Cl O2 - 和 Cl O3- 混合溶液 1 60倍的动物血液常规检测中未发现异常 ,Ames试验显示试验浓度的 Cl O2 、Cl O2 - 和 Cl O3-水溶液不具有致突变作用 .

Ordinary Toxicity of Chlorine Dioxide and By-products Chlorite and Chlorate in Water

Acute toxicity and accumulated toxicity of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and by-products chlorite (ClO2-) and chlorate (ClO3-) in water acted on mice are studied by the method of Horn and accumulation coefficient. Subchronic toxicity of the mixture of ClO2 and ClO2-and ClO3- in water acted on rat is studied though feeding test for 90 days, including statistical analysis of variance on weight gaining, food utilization efficiency,index of blood and serum,liver (or kidney) to body weight ratio, and histopathological examination on liver and kidney. The results show that aqueous solution of ClO2, NaClO2 and NaClO3 ( with the concentration of 276.5 mg/L, 200 mg/L and 200 mg/L respectively) and the mixed aqueous solution of ClO2 with the concentration of 553 mg/L are actually non-poisonous , and non-cumulative aqueous solution as well.