水交联共聚物

Aqua-Link是一种新的无规乙烯基硅烷乙烯共聚物,它为交联电线电缆应用带来了一些优点。

双交联体系乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯橡胶发泡材料的性能

以乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯橡胶为基体、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷为接枝单体、偶氮二甲酰胺为发泡剂,通过水交联与过氧化物交联相结合的方式制备了双交联发泡材料,并使用扫描电子显微镜、动态力学性能频谱仪和电子万能试验机等对发泡材料的泡孔形貌、动态力学性能和物理机械性能等进行了考察。结果表明,双交联发泡工艺得以实现,经过水交联后所形成的交联网络有效提高了泡孔尺寸的均匀性及分散性;当过氧化二异丙苯的用量为0.25份(质量)时,双交联发泡材料具有最窄的泡孔尺寸分布,发泡效果最佳,具有较好的吸能效果,适用于制备阻尼材料。

交联水酸性清洁压裂液研究与应用

目前水力压裂最常用的压裂液为胍胶,由于其存在固相不溶物,对储层形成二次伤害,在一定程度上影响了压裂效果。结合酸化与压裂的增产机理,研究了以活性剂和酸性物质进行交联的酸性清洁压裂液,其具有高携砂、强返排、有效控制缝高和基本上不产生固相沉淀等优良性能,而且在压裂过程中还能对储层进行酸处理,提高压裂效果。经现场试验表明,该压裂液具有较好的推广应用前景。

预交联水膨体调剖剂的室内评价与应用

对水膨体调剖剂进行了测定和评价。结果表明 ,在 75～ 90℃条件下 ,预交联水膨体调剖剂的岩芯突破压力梯度大于 2MPa/m ,堵水率大于 99.9% ,10PV水冲刷后堵水率大于 95 %。现场试验表明 ,调剖后增油效果明显。

胜坨油田高耐盐性预交联水膨体合成条件优化研究

针对胜坨油田温度高、矿化度高等复杂地质条件油藏特点 ,从聚合物分子设计的观点出发 ,选择合适的聚合物、交联剂、交联促进剂、无机支撑剂等化学剂 ,合成了一种融有机体系和无机体系为一体的新型耐温抗盐预交联水膨体 ,用正交实验法优化了预交联水膨体配方。结果表明 ,合成的预交联水膨体耐温 ( 1 2 0℃ )、耐盐 ( 1 .8× 1 0 4 mg/l) ,而且具有较高的强度、强吸附性。

耐温抗盐预交联水膨体调剖剂ZL-1的合成与评价

针对胜坨油田温度高、矿化度高等复杂地质条件油藏特点 ,从聚合物分子设计的观点出发 ,选择合适的聚合物、交联剂、交联促进剂、无机支撑剂等化学剂 ,合成了一种融有机体系和无机体系为一体的新型耐温抗盐预交联水膨体 ,用正交实验法优化了预交联水膨体配方。结果表明 ,合成的预交联水膨体耐温 (12 0℃ )、耐盐 (1 8× 10 4mg/L) ,而且具有较高的强度、强吸附性、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性。

高耐盐性预交联水膨体的合成条件优化

针对胜坨油田温度高、矿化度高等复杂地质条件油藏特点 ,从聚合物分子设计的观点出发 ,选择合适的聚合物、交联剂、交联促进剂、无机支撑剂等化学剂 ,合成了一种融有机体系和无机体系为一体的新型耐温抗盐预交联水膨体 ,并用正交实验法优化了预交联水膨体配方。结果表明 ,合成的预交联水膨体耐温 (12 0℃ )、耐盐 (1 8× 10 4mg/L) ,而且具有较高的强度、强吸附性、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性。

高耐盐性预交联水膨体的合成条件优化

针对胜坨油田油层温度高、矿化度高等特点，从聚合物分子设计的观点出发，选择合适的聚合物、交联剂、交联促进剂、无机支撑剂等化学剂，合成了一种融有机体系和无机体系为一体的新型耐温抗盐预交联水膨体，用正交实验法优化了预交联水膨体配方。结果表明，合成的预交联水膨体耐温(120℃)、耐盐(1．8×10^4mg／L)，而且具有较高的强度、强吸附性、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性。

国外交联水乳胶涂料的研究动向

本文按照交联水乳胶的两大系列,在常温固化交联水乳胶涂料中,分别叙述了螯合交联水乳胶、氧化交联水乳胶、催化交联水乳胶及双组份环氧交联水乳胶的研究动向;在烘烤固化交联水乳胶涂料中,分别叙述了自交联水乳胶、界面交联水乳胶、充隙交联水乳胶及混合交联水乳胶的研究动向。最后指出了交联水乳胶涂料的研究动向。

交联水清洁压裂液技术的完善与推广

交联水清洁压裂液是一种新的压裂液体系,在长庆陇东油田三叠系油井试验取得成功后,通过进一步优化配方,在侏罗系油井推广试验,取得了较好的效果,为低渗、特低渗油藏的改造增加了一个新的增产途径。

聚丙烯的交联

本文论述了聚丙烯的辐射交联、化学交联和二步法水交联的研究进展,特别对近年来获得成功的二步法水交联法中各种影响因素进行了介绍.

耐温抗盐水膨体的合成与应用

针对胜坨油田温度高、矿化度高等复杂地质条件油藏特点 ,从聚合物分子设计的观点出发 ,选择合适的聚合物、交联剂、交联促进剂、无机支撑剂等化学剂 ,合成了一种融有机体系和无机体系为一体的新型耐温抗盐预交联水膨体 ,用正交实验优化了预交联水膨体配方。结果表明 ,合成的预交联水膨体耐温 (1 2 0℃ )、耐盐(1 .8× 1 0 4mg/L) ,具有较高的强度、强吸附性、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性 ,而且其生产成本明显降低 ,现场试验表明 ,调剖后增油效果明显。

交联改性苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯树脂纸张表面施胶增强剂的制备及应用

以苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰胺为原料,用聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为胶体保护剂,采用无皂乳液聚合方式,制备苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯树脂乳液。同时以HDI三聚体与聚乙二醇单甲醚500(MPEG 500)为主要原料制备水分散聚异氰酸酯交联剂。用苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯树脂乳液与亲水改性聚异氰酸酯复合,制备纸张表面施胶增强剂。应用试验表明,制备的增强剂对提高纸张表面性能较有效果:表面施胶增强剂用量为1%时,纸张的环压强度提高23.4%,拉伸强度提高34.0%,撕裂度提高38.6%,拉毛强度提高30.4%。施胶度可达57s。

硅烷固相载体一步法XLPE绝缘料的研制

该文采用红外光谱和热分析法研究了硅烷交联聚乙烯的分子结构 ,并研究了反应条件对凝胶率的影响 。

Characterization of Microcystis Aeruginosa immobilized in complex of PVA and sodium alginate and its application on phosphorous removal in wastewater

Based on ecological niche theory, Microcystis Aeruginosa(MA) immobilized in the complex of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and sodium alginate(SA) crosslinked by CaCl2, was treated as a new kind of special species, and its properties were investigated.Chlorophyll a was used to characterize the bioactivity of the immobilized MA. Results reveal that the gel beads have mechanical strength and chemical stability even under non-sterile harsh conditions, which may be attributed to the rarely seen structure(including three different layers: dense surface, tubular-shaped divergent structure and honeycomb crystal lattice layer) of the immobilized MA determined by scanning electron microscope(SEM). SEM also displays that more quantity of MA is attached to the inwall after cultivation, which demonstrates that the MA within beads maintains high bioactivity. Removal capacities on phosphorous(P) removal in wastewater in the presence and absence of the BG-11 medium were examined, and the removal ratios are 80.3% and76.7%, respectively, which indicates that the beads without providing ample nutrients still have high capacity of P removal. In addition, control experiment, utilizing polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate(PVA-SA) beads without immobilized MA,demonstrates that MA within beads plays the key role in absorbing P.

Combined Effect of Nutrient and Pest Managements on Substrate Utilization Pattern of Soil Microbial Population in Hybrid Rice Cropping System

A field experiment was conducted to study the combined effect of nutrient andpest managements on soil biomass phospholipid contents, functional biodiversity and substrateutilization patterns of soil microbial populations in hybrid rice cropping system. The mineral N, Pand K fertilizers (as urea, calcium superphosphate and KCl respectively) were incorporated at 100,25, and 100 kg ha^(-1), respectively, and the various pesticides were applied at the recommendedrates. The results of the experiment demonstrated a decline in the microbial abundance and soilmicrobial biomass phospholipid contents with the advancement of crop growth, and significant changesin substrate utilization pattern of soil microbial population studied were observed with differentmanagement practices and at different growth stages. The principal component analysis (PCA) usingall 95-carbon sources (BIOLOG plates) gave good differentiation among the treatments, indicatingthat they have different patterns of carbon utilization under different habitats. The data showedthat diversity in microbial community continuously changed with the progression in crop stage,particularly at physiological maturity (PM) stage that was evident from the utilization of differentcarbon sources at various crop stages.

Adsorption of catechol from aqueous solution by aminated hypercrosslinked polymers

Adsorption of catechol from aqueous solution with the hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent NDA-100 and its derivatives AH-1, AH-2 and AH-3 aminated by dimethylamine, the commercial resin Amberlite XAD-4 and weakly basic anion exchanger resin D301 was compared. It was found that the aminated hypercrosslinked resins had the highest adsorption capacities among the tested polymers. The empirical Freundlich equation was successfully employed to describe the adsorption process. Specific surface area and micropore structure of the adsorbent, in company with tertiary amino groups on matrix affected the adsorption performance towards catechol. In addition, thermodynamic study was carried out to interpret the adsorption mechanism. Kinetic study testified that the tertiary amino groups on the polymer matrix could decrease the adsorption rate and increase the adsorption apparent activation energy.

Removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from Aqueous Solution Using a Novel Crosslinked Alumina-Chitosan Hybrid Adsorbent

A novel biosorbent was developed by coating chitosan, a naturally and abundantly available biopolymer, on to activated alumina based on oil shale ash via crosslinking. The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scarming＇ elec.tron micros cop.y, the rmogravimetric-differentialthermal analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. Batch isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments were condcted to evaluate the adsorbent for the removal of Cu（Ⅱ） from wastewater. The effect of pH and agitation time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated, indicating that the optimum pH was 6.0. The equilibrium adsorp-tion data were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of chitosan coated alumina sorbent as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was fotmd to be 315.46 mg.g-1 for Cu（Ⅱ）. The adsorbent loaded with Cu（Ⅱ） was readily regenerated using 0.1 mol.L-1 sodium hydroxide solution. All these indicated that chitosan coated alumina adsorbent not only have high adsorption activity, but also had good stability in the wastewater treatment process.

Crosslink Polymerization Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrogels Composed of Acrylic Acid and 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane Sulfonic Acid

Crosslink polymerization kinetics of poly（acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid）,AA/AMPS hydrogels,was investigated by using dilatometry in the presence of sodium persulfate as initiator and N,N＇-methylene bis（acrylamide） as crosslinker.It was found that the reaction for the crosslink polymerization of AA/AMPS hydrogels had orders of 0.58,1.14,and 0.86 with respect to the initiator,AMPS,and AA,respectively.From the Arrhenius plots,the activation energy of the crosslink polymerization was found to be about 140 and 89 kJ·mol-1 in the presence and absence of the crosslinker,respectively,in the temperature range from 45 to 65 °C.It was noted that the crosslinker had effects on the reaction order of the initiator and the activation energy due to the formation of cross-linked networks,which was verified by Fourier transfer infrared （FTIR） spectrum.To further confirm the influences of the cross-linked network structure on kinetic parameters of the crosslink polymerization,a mechanism was proposed,which highlights the different termination routes between free radical polymerization and crosslink polymerization.These results suggest that dilatometry provides a convenient tool for crosslink polymeri-zation study,and confirm that the cross-linked networks are formed in the crosslink polymerization.

TREATMENT OF SORBIC ACID MANUFACTURING WASTEWATER BY HYPERCROSSLINKED POLYMERIC ADSORBENT (NDA-150)

The treatment of sorbic acid manufacturing wastewater by NDA-150 resin was investigated. The experiments show that this process is suitable for the treatment of sorbic acid manufacturing wastewater. About 98% sorbic acid and 50% CODcr were removed under optimal operating conditions, and 70% of sorbic acid in sorbic acid manufacturing wastewater was reclaimed. This process makes it possible to recover valuable materials from the wastewater and to improve the quality of effluent water.