铁合金电炉电极把持器水冷件制作的质量监控

文章通过分析电炉把持器水冷件的参数特性,以生产制作工艺流程为途径,对水冷件制作前的质量管理、制作过程的质量监控、入库及出厂前检验进行阐述,表明完善的管理和监督措施,是保证产品质量的关键。

韶钢90t电炉Consteel水冷件漏水故障分析及对策

2005年,炼轧厂对90 t Consteel电炉进行工艺改造后,由于冶炼时吹氧强度的加大,炉内反应剧烈等因素影响,电炉水冷件漏水成为制约炼钢生产的重要原因.通过对水冷件漏水现象的跟踪、分析,决定改进设备的水冷方式与结构,以及新型材质的使用,使得水冷件漏水现象得到较好的控制,炼钢生产产能得到释放,技经指标不断优化.

50t电炉水冷件漏水故障的分析及解决措施

本文介绍了东北特钢集团大连特殊钢有限公司炼钢厂50t电炉的工作原理和特点,对电炉水冷件频繁漏水的故障原因进行了分析,并制定相应的解决方法.

EAF水冷件失效分析

就水冷炉件漏水机理进行分析,针对不同部位、形式的漏水给出具体的解决方案。经实践验证,有效减少了水冷壁漏水。

韶钢90t CONSTEEL电炉漏水分析及改进措施

介绍 90tCONSTEEL电炉水冷件常见漏水问题。

Optimum control strategy for all-variable speed chiller plant

The optimum control strategy and the saving potential of all variable chiller plant under the conditions of changing building cooling load and cooling water supply temperature were investigated. Based on a simulation model of water source chiller plant established in dynamic transient simulation program (TRNSYS),the four-variable quadratic orthogonal regression experiments were carried out by taking cooling load,cooling water supply temperature,cooling water flow rate and chilled water flow rate as variables,and the fitting formulas expressing the relationships between the total energy consumption of chiller plant with the four selected parameters was obtained. With the SAS statistical software and MATHEMATICA mathematical software,the optimal chilled water flow rate and cooling water flow rate which result in the minimum total energy consumption were determined under continuously varying cooling load and cooling water supply temperature. With regard to a chiller plant serving an office building in Shanghai,the total energy consumptions under different control strategies were computed in terms of the forecasting function of cooling load and water source temperature. The results show that applying the optimal control strategy to the chiller plant can bring a saving of 23.27% in power compared with the corresponding conventional variable speed plant,indicating that the optimal control strategy can improve the energy efficiency of chiller plant.

Laccase Immobilized on Mesoporous Silica Materials and Its Corrosion Inhibition Performance in Circulating Cooling Water System

Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres were synthesized using the sol-gel method and were characterized by TEM, FT-IR and BET techniques. The diameter of the microspheres is about 100—150 nm, and the average mesopore diameter is 2.55 nm, while the specific surface area is 1 088.9 m2/g. Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres adsorb glutaraldehyde and immobilize laccase by means of the aldehyde group in glutaral which can react with the amidogen of laccase. The immobilization conditions were optimized at a glutaraldehyde concentration of 0.75%, a crosslinking time of 8 h, a laccase concentration of 0.04 L/L and an immobilization time of 10 h. When diesel leakage concentration was 80 mg/L, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of immobilized laccase reached 49.23%, which was slightly lower than the corrosion inhibition efficiency of free laccase(59%). The diesel degradation ratio could reach up to 45%. It has been proved that the immobilized laccase could degrade diesel to inhibit corrosion.

A Novel Modeling, Simulation and Optimization Approach of Crude Oil Cold Stripping Process

Cold stripping is the most common process for crude oil sweetening in oilfields particularly at offshore installations because of its low price and relatively easy operating conditions in comparison with other sweetening processes. In this paper the cold stripping process in tray column has been modeled mathematically in static and dynamic modes, and solved with the MATLAB software. This process has been used in the existing treatment facilities of an offshore oil production complex for verifying the model results. With the help of HYSYS software the effective parameters on the process have been discussed and the optimized conditions finalized after some plant modifications for improving the performance of stripper columns have been proposed.

Water deficit and cold stress on the evening primrose seed quality

Evening primrose is a valuable oilseed crop with pharmaceutical and nutritional supplementation. Due to presence of valuable and rare gamma linolenic fatty acid, research on this plant has been started since 1970s by German and Britain scientists. Information about evening primrose cultivation is going to rise. Following to pervious studies the goal of this experiment was to clarify the effect of water and temperature stresses on seed yield and seed quality. Results showed that seed yield was significantly influenced by low temperature and water deficit. Plants grown under cold stress during rosette stage produced a lower seed yield than controls. The lowest seed yield was observed in the plants grown under permanent stress. Although the oil content of seeds was not influenced by low temperature stress, water stress strongly influenced the oil content and water stress stimulates oil accumulation. Like oil content, the GLA production seems to be increased under water stress conditions.

Prediction of Refrigerant Gas Hydrates Formation Conditions

A fugacity model was developed for prediction of mixed refrigerant gas hydrates formation conditions based on the molecule congregation and solution theories. In this model, gas hydrates were regarded as non-ideal solid solution composed of water groups and guest molecules, and the expressions of fugacity of guest molecules in hydrate phase was proposed accordingly. It has been shown that the developed model can indicate successfully the effect of guest-guest molecule interaction. The results showed that the model can describe better the characteristics of phase equilibrium of mixed refrigerant gas hydrates and predictions are in good agreement with experimental data.

An Experimental Study on the Performance of a Stainless Steel-Water Loop Heat Pipe under Natural Cooling Condition

Aiming to improve the thermal characteristics of modern electronics, we experimentally study the performance of a stainless steel/water loop heat pipe(LHP) under natural cooling condition. The LHP heat transfer performance, including start-up performance, temperature oscillation and total thermal resistance at different heat loads and with different incline angles have been investigated systematically. Experimental results show that at an optimal heat load(i.e. 60 W) and with the LHP being inclined 60 to the horizontal plane, the total thermal resistance is lowered to be ~0.24 K/W, and the temperature of evaporator could be controlled steadily at around 90 C.

Simulation Analysis of Factors Influencing Chiller EER

This study constructed a mathematic model of a variable frequency centrifugal chiller using Simulink software. By running the simulation, it was discovered that when the other factors are constant, the EER(Energy Efficiency Ratio) of the chiller increases with decreases in the temperature of the cooling water and increases in the temperature of the chilled water. The effect of changes in the cooling water temperature on the EER of the chiller is stronger than that of changes in the chilled water temperature. In addition, as the chiller load decreases, the EER increases until reaching a maximum, after which it decreases. Furthermore, the EER of chillers working under a constant flow rate is slightly higher than that of those working under varying flow rates.

Theoretical study on boiling heat transfer in the Xi'an pulsed reactor

Boiling heat transfer condition has significance for pool-type research reactors cooled by natural circulation.It has important effect on the fuel element safety of reactor.On the basis of heat transfer characteristics of the Xi'an pulsed reactor(XAPR),fuel conduction,single-phase convection and boiling heat transfer,and void fraction models of the core are constructed.To validate the correctness of the physical models presented in the paper,numerical calculation based on a subchannel analysis method of XAPR is carried out,and the temperature fields are measured in some reactor coolant channels.The comparison between the calculated and experimental results verifies the effectiveness of the models.These physical models are used to calculate the thermal-hydraulic parameters of XAPR at the rated power(for XAPR the rated power is 2.0 MW in steady-state operation).The results indicate that subcooled boiling occurs in the XAPR core but it exhibits a subcooling degree which is considerably higher than that of saturation boiling.Subcooled boiling improves the efficiency of heat transfer between the fuel element surface and coolant,as well as effectively protects fuel elements.This research is also a beneficial reference in thermal-hydraulic analysis for other natural circulation reactors.