新型医用敷料:几种典型的高科技医用敷料(Ⅱ)

介绍了聚氨酯泡沫和薄膜、水溶性高分子和橡胶的复合体、水凝胶体海藻酸纤维和织物。

安普贴薄膜用于治疗、预防褥疮的效果观察及护理

安普贴薄膜是法国利博福尼制药公司生产的水凝胶体敷料,我们将此膜用于预防高危易发褥疮患者,取得了良好的效果,现介绍如下.

In Vitro Skin Permeation of Osthol from Hydro-Alcoholic Gel Formulations

Aim To evaluate the in vitro percutaneous absorption behavior of osthol from a series of hydro-alcoholic gel formulations containing three penetration enhancers through excised human skin (stratum cormeum and epidermis,SCE). Methods Excised human skin was mounted in Franz-type diffusion cells. The samples withdrawn from the receptor cell were analyzed for osthol content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results The enhancers azone,menthol and chenopodium increased the osthol percutaneous steady-state fluxes 3.12, 2.00 and 1.25 times those of the enhancer-free formulations (controls), separately. Conclusions The main enhancement mechanism of the skin penetration enhancers azone, menthol and chenopodium is to destroy the barrier function of stratum corneum, reducing the resistance of drug transport through the skin and increasing the diffusion coefficients of osthol.

Preparation and Characterization of M-Type Barium Ferrite Fibers via Aqueous Sol-Gel Process

BaFe12O19 fibers was prepared via an aqueous sol-gel process using Fe（OH）（HCOO）2 synthesized in laboratory and Ba（CH3COO）2 as the original materials and citrate as the chelate. The rheological behaviour of spinnable sol was characterized on rheometer, and the development of gel fibers to barium ferrite fibers was studied by IR, TG and XRD. Morphology observation of the fibers was given on SEM, and the diameter of the obtained fibers was between 5 and 10 um corresponding to different additives. The additives affected the surface tension of the precursor sol which had close relation to the microstructure of fibers. Sucrose and hydroxyethylic cellulose could improve the surface tension while diethanolamine and hexadecylamine reduce that of the decylamine as an additive, well-structured BaFe12O19 precursor sol. And using diethanolamine or hexafibers could be obtained.

H2 Generation from Thermochemical Water-Splitting Using Sol-Gel Derived Ni-Ferrite

H2 generation from a thermochemical water-splitting reaction was performed using a sol-gel derived Ni-ferrite. The sol-gel synthesis involved addition of nickel chloride hexahydrate （NiCl2@6H2O） and ferrous chloride tetrahydrate （FeCl2·4H2O） in ethanol followed by gelation using propylene oxide. The gels were aged, dried and calcined at 900 ℃in air or N2 environment. The powders thus obtained were characterized using X-ray diffraction （XRD）. This analysis revealed a nominally phase pure Ni-ferrite （NiFe204） composition for the gels calcined in air, whereas those calcined in N2 environment exhibited primarily Ni04Fe2.604 composition mixed with metallic Ni. Particle size and specific surface area （SSA） of the ferrite powders were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Brauner-Emmett-Teller （BET） surface area analyzer, respectively. The ferrites were placed in a packed bed reactor and water-splitting reaction was carried out at 700 ℃, 800 ℃, and 900 ℃. After water-splitting reaction, oxidized ferrites were regenerated at 900 ℃ for 2 h in N2 environment. Together water-splitting and regeneration steps designated as one thermochemical cycle. In four consecutive thermochemical cycles performed using NiFe204, an average of 40 mL of H2/g per cycle was generated at water-splitting temperature of 900 ℃, which was about five times higher than the average H2 produced at 700 ℃.

Research on Polymer Materials in Bio Medical and Its Application

Intelligent hydrogels is as drug carrier, and it has a good application prospect. There are some changes factors in the human environment, such as temperature, pH. Therefore, the temperature sensitive hydrogels and pH sensitive hydrogels can release system for drugs in the body. So the paper detailed descript a novel MWCNTs good dispersion of PMAA/MWCNTs nano hybrid hydrogels. The introduction of MWCNTs significantly increased the hydrogel pH response and mechanical strength, and depends on the MWCNTs component ratio, particle size and concentration of cross-linking agent. The study found, swelling rate of hybrid hydrogels was faster than the pure PMAA hydrogel, and the swelling behavior were explained. The compression stress-strain experiments should be found, MWCNTs load transfer plays an important role in improving the mechanical properties of the hybrid hydrogels network compression.

褚小东:梦圆丙烯酸

在量杯中加入几克白色粉末，加入半杯水，轻轻摇晃，数秒钟后，杯中的水便被凝固成了水凝胶体。水变凝胶的“魔术”在今天看来也许并不算夺人眼球，但这种被称为高性能吸水性树脂材料的身份来历却并不简单。

Recent advances in all-in-one flexible supercapacitors

The rise of personalized flexible electronics has promoted the rapid development of flexible supercapacitors due to their long service life,fast charging-discharging rates and safe operation.Different from the traditional flexible supercapacitors,the all-in-one integrated flexible supercapacitors are more resistant to deformation and lower interface resistance,which have a broader application prospect in the field of flexible electronics.This review briefly summarizes the preparation methods and electrochemical properties of some typical all-in-one supercapacitors,represented by planar and fibrous structures in recent years.Firstly,the basic understanding of traditional flexible supercapacitors and all-in-one integrated flexible supercapacitors,and the key parameters of the performance of flexible supercapacitors are introduced.Subsequently,the hydrogel matrix all-in-one supercapacitors with different functional characteristics(stretchable,self-healing and compressible)and the nonhydrogel matrix(separator,flexible membrane)all-in-one supercapacitors are discussed.Furthermore,the challenges and future development of flexible supercapacitors are considered.

Underwater flexible mechanoreceptors constructed by anti-swelling self-healable hydrogel

Wet-resistant flexible electronics have acquired increasing attention on applications in wet environments,such as sweaty skin, rainy weather, biological fluids, and underwater. However, it remains challenging to achieve nonswelling and underwater self-healing hydrogel sensors for the mechanical perception in aqueous solutions. Herein, a selfhealing and non-swellable hydrogel is successfully fabricated,which presents an automatically healing behavior in various aquatic environments, including deionized water, seawater,sweat, alkali and acidic aqueous solutions. Moreover, the hydrogel demonstrates high stretchability and stable electromechanical sensing properties in water. Furthermore, an electronic skin is designed with the features of fast responsiveness, reliability, and high sensitivity for detecting breathing, speaking, coughing, and diverse body movements. The self-healing hydrogel sensors enable a brilliant mechanical sensibility for detecting a series of dynamic stimuli in air and underwater, even after the healing of fracture interface in water. The underwater self-healing and anti-swelling hydrogel would provide enticing potential on various stable electronic devices for aquatic environments, such as implantable electrodes, triboelectric nanogenerators, and underwater soft robotics.

Nanoindentation characteristics of cement with different mineral admixtures

In order to determine the effects of different mineral admixtures including fly ash （FA）, blast furnace slag （BFS） and metakaolin （MK） on hydration product phases from the nanoscale structure perspective, nanoindentation characteristics of the samples with similar 28-day strengths have been investigated. The results indicate that the volume fractions of porosity in po- rosity and hydration product phases of the samples with the same kind of mineral admixture are almost equal to each other, and are greater than that of the sample without mineral admixture. Mineral admixtures especially MK can decrease remarkably the volume fractions of CH in porosity and hydration product phases, and there exists a good linear relationship between the （AI＋Si）/Ca molar ratio of cementitious materials chemical compositions and the volume fraction of HD C-S-H gel in C-S-H gel. Therefore, it is possible to predict the volume fraction change of HD C-S-H gel in C-S-H gel by simply calculating the （AI＋Si）/Ca molar ratio of cementitious materials with similar 28-day strengths under the constant water-binder ratio.

Transparent,stretchable and anti-freezing hybrid double-network organohydrogels

Stretchable ionic conductors with high transparency and excellent resilience are highly desired for flexible electronics,but traditional ionic conductive hydrogels are easy to dry and freeze.Herein,a newly hybrid crosslinking strategy is presented for preparing a stretchable and transparent hydrogel by using sodium alginate(SA)and acrylamide based on the unique physically and covalently hybrid crosslinking mechanism,which is transformed into organohydrogel by simple solvent replacement.Due to the combination of hybrid crosslinking double network and hydrogen bond interactions introduced by the glycerin-water binary solvent,the SA-poly(acrylamide)-organohydrogel(SPOH)demonstrates excellent anti-freezing(-20℃)property,stability(>2 days),transparency,stretchability(~1600%)and high ionic conductivity(17.1 mS cm^(-1)).Thus,a triboelectric nanogenerator made from SPOH(O-TENG)shows an instantaneous peak power density of 262 mW m^(-2)at a load resistance of 10 MΩand efficiently harvests biomechanical energy to drive an electronic watch and light-emitting diode.Moreover,The O-TENG exhibits favorable long-term stability(2 weeks)and temperature tolerance(-20℃).In addition,the raw materials can be prepared into SPOH fibers by a simple tubular mold method,exhibiting high transparency,which can be used for laser transmission.The various abilities of the SPOH promise the application of energy harvesting and laser transmission for wearable electronics and biomedical field.