长期施用粪肥对3种地带性土壤水分散性磷含量及形态分布的影响

探究长期施用粪肥对3种地带性土壤中水分散性磷含量及形态分布的影响,为磷素流失风险评价提供参考。于2021年5-8月,按五点采样法分别采集北京大兴(潮土)、湖南岳阳(红壤)和广东湛江(砖红壤)3种农田的表层(0~20 cm)土壤,对土壤中水分散性磷的含量、形态分布及矿物含量等特征进行研究。与不施粪肥的处理相比,长期施用粪肥的大兴、岳阳和湛江3种地带性土壤中水分散性磷含量分别显著增加1.15,1.32,14.00倍。长期施用粪肥使不同形态水分散性磷在土壤总水分散性磷中的分布比例发生显著变化,其中大兴和岳阳土壤中颗粒态磷占比分别显著降低30.22,14.68百分点,而真溶态磷占比分别显著增加29.83,28.06百分点;岳阳土壤中胶体态磷占比显著降低13.37百分点;湛江土壤中真溶态磷占比显著增加8.24百分点。长期施用粪肥显著改变土壤水分散性矿物含量,与不施粪肥处理相比,大兴、岳阳和湛江土壤中水分散性钙含量分别显著增加0.55,1.66,4.15倍;水分散性镁含量分别显著增加0.66,1.46,8.39倍。冗余分析结果表明:土壤pH值、CEC、DOC以及水分散性矿物组成(Fe/Al/Ca/Mg)是影响土壤中水分散性磷含量及形态分布的主要因子。长期施用粪肥显著提升了3种地带性土壤中水分散性磷含量并影响其形态转化,加剧了磷素流失风险。长期施用粪肥可促进岳阳和湛江土壤中颗粒态磷和胶体态磷以及大兴土壤中颗粒态磷向真溶态磷转化。长期施用粪肥主要通过促进颗粒态磷向真溶态磷转化进而影响土壤水分散性磷形态。

Preparation and ζ-potential characterization of highly dispersible phosphate—functionalized magnetite nanoparticles

By the combination of high-temperature organometallic synthesis and phase transfer through complete ligand-exchange withmixed phosphate, highly water-dispersible Fe3O4nanoparticles with narrow size distribution are obtained, which show appli-cable response to magnetic field. IR and -potential characterization of this system provides insights into ligand structures onparticle surface.