A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The...A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The structure of the cycle is simple which comprises evaporator,turbine,regenerator(desorber),absorber,pump and throttle valves for both diluted solution and vapor.And it is of high efficiency,because the working medium has large temperature difference in evaporation and small temperature difference in absorptive condensation,which can match the sensible exothermal heat resource and the cooling water simultaneously.Orthogonal calculation was made to investigate the influence of the working concentration,the basic concentration and the circulation multiple on the cycle performance,with 85-110 ℃ heat resource and 20-32 ℃ cooling water.An optimum scheme was given in the condition of 110 ℃ sensitive heat resource and 20 ℃ cooling water,with the working concentration of 0.6,basic concentration of 0.385,and circulation multiple of 5.The thermal efficiency and the power recovery efficiency are 8.06 % and 6.66%,respectively.The power recovery efficiency of the DPAPC-a is 28.8% higher than that of the steam Rankine cycle(SRC) and 12.7% higher than that of ORC(R134a) under the optimized situation.展开更多
Utilization of tidal current is becoming a focus of marine energy research and development field. In this paper, a new type of tidal current power generating device which was called flexible blade turbine was put forw...Utilization of tidal current is becoming a focus of marine energy research and development field. In this paper, a new type of tidal current power generating device which was called flexible blade turbine was put forward. A scale model testing was carried out, and results show that the models performed as expected with good hydrodynamic characteristics. Based on analysis of the results, a scale model turbine with a rated power of 5 kW was constructed, which was an optimal scheme of the flexible blade turbine having higher coefficient of power and power generation capacity. Sea trials were carried out in the Zhaitang Island Channel to evaluate the performance of the turbine. Results show that the turbine performed well, generating the power predicted.展开更多
Using the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equation as the governing equation, the large eddy simulation (LES) model is implemented to investigate the shedding of vortices, the flow pattern of turbulence, the uns...Using the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equation as the governing equation, the large eddy simulation (LES) model is implemented to investigate the shedding of vortices, the flow pattern of turbulence, the unsteady pressure fluctuation and the time history of the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of hoistable masts with various mast shapes and various arrangements in this paper. Combining the FFT, combined time-frequency transform and wavelet power spectrum analysis, the characteristics of unsteady pressure can be obtained in both time and frequency domain. It shows that the main frequency of pressure fluctuation is near the frequency of vortex shedding in time domain using the FFT method. It can be inferred from the combined time-frequency transform that the unsteady pressure fluctuation has obviously the peak value and the second peak value in time domain. It could indicate that the fluctuation power varies from the fluctuation frequency through the power spectrum analysis. By the data analysis, it shows that the vortex shedding is the dominant cause of the periodically pressure fluctuation. And the interaction pattern of wake and interplay between wake and the walls of masts under different arrangements are also discussed in this paper.展开更多
A power system with proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was designed for thermal underwater glider.Heat generated by PEMFC is used as the propulsion power of the glider,and the electricity is used in the contr...A power system with proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was designed for thermal underwater glider.Heat generated by PEMFC is used as the propulsion power of the glider,and the electricity is used in the control and sensor system.An electric energy storage system (ESS) is required which possesses high power density with good cycle life.Ultracapacitors which exhibit high power density and cycle life are considered as energy storage devices.Simulations based on a specific voyage condition indicate that ESS with ultracapacitors has positive effects on reducing the output power demand of PEMFC and lightening the power system.Experimental results show that the state of charge (SOC) is related to the capacitance and resistance in ultracapacitor ESS.展开更多
Optimization of airfoil characteristics such as lift and drag is essential for high efficiency wind turbine blade design. In this research, effects of airfoil lift and drag on blade power coefficients were investigate...Optimization of airfoil characteristics such as lift and drag is essential for high efficiency wind turbine blade design. In this research, effects of airfoil lift and drag on blade power coefficients were investigated by using of wind turbine blade design software, PROPID. Firstly, a wind turbine blade of 2MW class was designed with DU-serics airfoils in the inner part and with aNACA series airfoil as a main airfoil in the outer part. Lift distribution was set to have near L/D maximum at each span station. Then, lift and drag curves were modified to observe effect of L/D variation. Drag and lift change with constant L/D on blade power coefficient was also studied for sensitivity investigation. Each case was optimized with Newtonian iteration incorporated in PROPID. High design lift coefficient results in less chord length and twist angle to maintain same aerodynamic load level. And, power coefficient wasn＇t improved much with high L/D. During the process, optimal inputs such as lift distribution, design lift and induction factors were suggested. As results, it was found that L/D maximization was important to obtain high efficiency. For the L/D maximization, lift maximization was important to minimize structural weight, but decreasing drag didn＇t affect the blade shape.展开更多
This paper presents a PV （photovoltaic） powered RO （reverse osmosis） plant for brackish water without batteries and a self-regulating pressure valve. The aim is to extract the maximum power from the PV module usin...This paper presents a PV （photovoltaic） powered RO （reverse osmosis） plant for brackish water without batteries and a self-regulating pressure valve. The aim is to extract the maximum power from the PV module using an MPPT （maximum power point tracking） technique for powering a solar water pump and maintain constant the pressure in the RO membranes by using the self-operated valve. A Buck type converter using the InCond （incremental conductance） MPPT was developed for this application. The MPPT chosen was simulated, tested and validated, showing an efficiency of 86.8%. The technical feasibility of the RO plant was made by PLC （programmable logic controller） and was tested for two salinity levels （1,000 and 1,500 mg/L of TDS （total dissolved solids））. These salinity levels chosen are commonly found in most brackish water wells of the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. The RO plant could permeate 175.3 L/day of drinking water with 120 mg/L of TDS and specific energy consumption of 2.56 kWh/m3.展开更多
基金Project(50976022) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BY2011155) supported by Science and Technology Innovation and Transformation of Achievements of Special Fund of Jiangsu Province, China
文摘A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The structure of the cycle is simple which comprises evaporator,turbine,regenerator(desorber),absorber,pump and throttle valves for both diluted solution and vapor.And it is of high efficiency,because the working medium has large temperature difference in evaporation and small temperature difference in absorptive condensation,which can match the sensible exothermal heat resource and the cooling water simultaneously.Orthogonal calculation was made to investigate the influence of the working concentration,the basic concentration and the circulation multiple on the cycle performance,with 85-110 ℃ heat resource and 20-32 ℃ cooling water.An optimum scheme was given in the condition of 110 ℃ sensitive heat resource and 20 ℃ cooling water,with the working concentration of 0.6,basic concentration of 0.385,and circulation multiple of 5.The thermal efficiency and the power recovery efficiency are 8.06 % and 6.66%,respectively.The power recovery efficiency of the DPAPC-a is 28.8% higher than that of the steam Rankine cycle(SRC) and 12.7% higher than that of ORC(R134a) under the optimized situation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50979101)Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (No. Q2008F05)
文摘Utilization of tidal current is becoming a focus of marine energy research and development field. In this paper, a new type of tidal current power generating device which was called flexible blade turbine was put forward. A scale model testing was carried out, and results show that the models performed as expected with good hydrodynamic characteristics. Based on analysis of the results, a scale model turbine with a rated power of 5 kW was constructed, which was an optimal scheme of the flexible blade turbine having higher coefficient of power and power generation capacity. Sea trials were carried out in the Zhaitang Island Channel to evaluate the performance of the turbine. Results show that the turbine performed well, generating the power predicted.
文摘Using the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equation as the governing equation, the large eddy simulation (LES) model is implemented to investigate the shedding of vortices, the flow pattern of turbulence, the unsteady pressure fluctuation and the time history of the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of hoistable masts with various mast shapes and various arrangements in this paper. Combining the FFT, combined time-frequency transform and wavelet power spectrum analysis, the characteristics of unsteady pressure can be obtained in both time and frequency domain. It shows that the main frequency of pressure fluctuation is near the frequency of vortex shedding in time domain using the FFT method. It can be inferred from the combined time-frequency transform that the unsteady pressure fluctuation has obviously the peak value and the second peak value in time domain. It could indicate that the fluctuation power varies from the fluctuation frequency through the power spectrum analysis. By the data analysis, it shows that the vortex shedding is the dominant cause of the periodically pressure fluctuation. And the interaction pattern of wake and interplay between wake and the walls of masts under different arrangements are also discussed in this paper.
基金Supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50835006)Science & Technology Support Planning Foundation of Tianjin (No. 09ZCKFGX03000)
文摘A power system with proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was designed for thermal underwater glider.Heat generated by PEMFC is used as the propulsion power of the glider,and the electricity is used in the control and sensor system.An electric energy storage system (ESS) is required which possesses high power density with good cycle life.Ultracapacitors which exhibit high power density and cycle life are considered as energy storage devices.Simulations based on a specific voyage condition indicate that ESS with ultracapacitors has positive effects on reducing the output power demand of PEMFC and lightening the power system.Experimental results show that the state of charge (SOC) is related to the capacitance and resistance in ultracapacitor ESS.
文摘Optimization of airfoil characteristics such as lift and drag is essential for high efficiency wind turbine blade design. In this research, effects of airfoil lift and drag on blade power coefficients were investigated by using of wind turbine blade design software, PROPID. Firstly, a wind turbine blade of 2MW class was designed with DU-serics airfoils in the inner part and with aNACA series airfoil as a main airfoil in the outer part. Lift distribution was set to have near L/D maximum at each span station. Then, lift and drag curves were modified to observe effect of L/D variation. Drag and lift change with constant L/D on blade power coefficient was also studied for sensitivity investigation. Each case was optimized with Newtonian iteration incorporated in PROPID. High design lift coefficient results in less chord length and twist angle to maintain same aerodynamic load level. And, power coefficient wasn＇t improved much with high L/D. During the process, optimal inputs such as lift distribution, design lift and induction factors were suggested. As results, it was found that L/D maximization was important to obtain high efficiency. For the L/D maximization, lift maximization was important to minimize structural weight, but decreasing drag didn＇t affect the blade shape.
文摘This paper presents a PV （photovoltaic） powered RO （reverse osmosis） plant for brackish water without batteries and a self-regulating pressure valve. The aim is to extract the maximum power from the PV module using an MPPT （maximum power point tracking） technique for powering a solar water pump and maintain constant the pressure in the RO membranes by using the self-operated valve. A Buck type converter using the InCond （incremental conductance） MPPT was developed for this application. The MPPT chosen was simulated, tested and validated, showing an efficiency of 86.8%. The technical feasibility of the RO plant was made by PLC （programmable logic controller） and was tested for two salinity levels （1,000 and 1,500 mg/L of TDS （total dissolved solids））. These salinity levels chosen are commonly found in most brackish water wells of the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. The RO plant could permeate 175.3 L/day of drinking water with 120 mg/L of TDS and specific energy consumption of 2.56 kWh/m3.
