岩石应力–水力–化学耦合过程研究进展

首先介绍国际合作DECOVALEX计划的概况和研究进展,阐述中国参加该合作计划研究的必要性和重要意义。对国内外在岩石应力–水力–化学耦合过程方面的主要研究进展进行简略概述,并重点总结了DECOVALEX计划Task_B及中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所的研究课题组所取得的主要研究进展,包括:(1)开展了岩石应力–化学耦合条件下的单轴、三轴压缩试验、细观力学试验和CT扫描试验的系统研究和分析;(2)建立了岩石破裂过程的弹塑性和应力–渗流耦合细胞自动机模型,并用于对岩石声发射活动的Kaiser效应、II类曲线的形成机制以及孔隙水压力对岩石力学性质的影响规律和细观机制进行了模拟分析等。上述研究成果对于岩石应力–水力–化学耦合过程研究起到了积极的推进作用。

Thermal-hydro-mechanical coupling stress intensity factor of brittle rock

A new calculation formula of THM coupling stress intensity factor was derived by the boundary collocation method, in which an additional constant stress function was successfully introduced for the cracked specimen with hydraulic pressure applied on its crack surface. Based on the newly derived formula, THM coupling fracture modes （including tensile, shear and mixed fracture mode） can be predicted by a new fracture criterion of stress intensity factor ratio, where the maximum axial load was measured by self-designed THM coupling fracture test. SEM analyses of THM coupling fractured surface indicate that the higher the temperature and hydraulic pressure are and the lower the confining pressure is, the more easily the intergranular （tension） fracture occurs. The transgranular （shear） fracture occurs in the opposite case while the mixed-mode fracture occurs in the middle case. The tested THM coupling fracture mechanisms are in good agreement with the predicted THM coupling fracture modes, which can verify correction of the newly-derived THM coupling stress intensity factor formula.

岩石流变力学的研究现状及其发展方向

从岩石单轴压缩流变试验、多轴压缩流变试验、拉伸断裂流变试验、岩体及结构面的剪切流变试验、以及流变试验中的各种影响因素等来评述岩石流变试验的研究进展。同时从经验模型、元件模型、损伤断裂模型、基于内时理论的流变模型以及弹粘塑性模型等来对岩石流变本构模型的发展进行了回顾。最后,指出复杂应力路径下岩石的非线性流变、水力-应力耦合情况下的岩石流变、考虑各向异性的岩石流变等方面是今后需要进一步深入研究的问题。