分水功

分水功专练肩臂扩展劲力。练臂力的方法很多,其普通方法有单扛引体向上,双扛臂屈伸、扩胸器、健身器等。现介绍两种民间传统的练功方法,即扩哑铃、分竹墙。

Morphological and Anatomical Analyses of a Floral Organ Mutant in Rice

A spontaneously occurred rice ( Oryza sativa L.) mutant characterized by homeotic conversions in glumes and stamens was found in the progeny of a breeding material. The mutant plant shows degenerated glumes and morphological transformation of stamens into pistils. A mutant floret consists of 1 to 3 completely developed pistils and 4 to 6 incomplete pistils with no ovary. Some pistilloid stamens still have filaments but tipped by bulged tissue and 0 to 3 stigmas. Three ovaries in a single floret were observed in its cross and longitudinal sections. When the mutant plants were pollinated with pollens from wild type plants, one or two naked seeds instead of a caryopsis could be produced in a single floret. The mutant is controlled by a single recessive gene since its F 1 hybrid plants were restored to wild type and 3∶1 ratio of wild type to mutant plants were observed in the progeny of heterozygotes. It seems that the mutant phenotype of the homeotic conversions in glumes and stamens is similar to that of the B loss_of_function mutants in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum .

A 71mW 8b 125MSample/s A/D Converter

A 1.8V 8b 125Msample/s pipelined A/D converter is presented.Power efficiency is optimized by size scaling down scheme using low power single stage cascode amplifier with a gain boosted structure.Global clock tree and local generators are employed to avoid loss and overlap of clock period.The ADC achieves a signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) of 49.5dB(7.9ENOB) for an input of 62MHz at full speed of 125MHz,consuming only 71mW.It is implemented in 0.18μm CMOS technology with a core area of 0.45mm 2.

A Low-Power-Consumption 9bit 10MS/s Pipeline ADC for CMOS Image Sensors

A low-power-consumption 9bit 10MS/s pipeline ADC,used in a CMOS image sensor,is proposed. In the design, the decrease of power consumption is achieved by applying low-power-consumption and large-output-swing amplifiers with gain boost structure, and biasing all the cells with the same voltage bias source, which requires careful layout design and large capacitors. In addition,capacitor array DAC is also applied to reduce power consumption,and low threshold voltage MOS transistors are used to achieve a large signal processing range. The ADC was implemented in a 0.18μm 4M-1 P CMOS process,and the experimental results indicate that it consumes only 7mW, which is much less than general pipeline ADCs. The ADC was used in a 300000 pixels CMOS image sensor.

奇妙永久防水剂

以美国MOXIE SEALKR专有技术生产的奇妙永久防水剂,是全国“九五”防水材料信得过推荐产品,其中,最具代表性的是广州88层中天大厦,采用了“奇妙”进行施工。 一般防水剂只涂表面,难免发生脱落,奇妙防水剂无孔不入,能渗入墙体深处凝固,具有永久防水功效,因此,可应用于新旧房屋、厨卫间、地下室、蓄水池,也可直接加入水性内外墙涂料中使用。

浅议红水河综合开发利用的步骤

从“建设大西南通道”的大好形势，论述红水河综合开发原则和方针，应该是以发电为主，兼顾航运、防洪、灌溉等综合利用效益。不宜单一目标，过份强调单一目标，必然损害其他目标。概述各开发目标的现状和规划情况，并提出在目前加快红水河综合开发的步骤，使红水河尽快发挥综合利用效益，尤其是航运效益。

神奇保水剂

保水剂,具有神奇保水功效,是一种高吸水性高分子树脂.经树脂浸泡拌和种子插入土后,能把雨水或土壤中的水分吸收到种子周围储存起来,再缓慢释放供农作物生长所需.其吸收水量等于自身重量400～500倍.施于作物根部或叶面,在作物周围形成一个“小水库”,并能维持30多天,保证作物正常生长发育.实践证明,保水剂使用方便,用于水稻、花生、玉米、甘蔗等,可使作物出苗率提高,根系发达,植株生长健壮,提前成熟,具有保产、高产的效用,特别是在旱区施用效果更佳.中科院成都有机化学所新产品,每亩只用一小包七分钱,亩增收益十元;广西化工研究所研制的成功产品,亩用100～600克,每公斤价20元,其投入产出比1:5～15.

Blind multiple watermarking algorithm for audio

To make digital watermarking accomplish several goals, a new method for simultaneously embedding multiple watermarks into the same audio signal is proposed. First, the original audio signal is segmented into frames of appointed lengths and all the element watermarks are encoded to achieve a mixed watermark. Then, the binary bits in the mixed watermark are embedded into the audio frames with the echo hiding technique. The watermark extraction can be performed without an original audio signal. Furthermore, in order to enhance the extraction accuracy and the robustness of the proposed algorithm against common signal manipulations, the autocorrelafion of the power cepstrum is utilized to estimate the echo delays in the watermarked audio frames to extract the mixed watermark and the corresponding decoding method is applied to achieve the element watermarks. Computer simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme has great robustness against common signal manipulations of Mp3 compressing, re-sampling, re-quantizing, low-pass filtering and white noise addition.

西宁市人民政府办公厅转发市水务局关于西宁市节水型社会建设试点2008年重要工作目标实施计划的通知

宁政办[2008]165号各区、县人民政府,市政府各局、委、办:市水务局制定的《西宁市节水型社会建设试点2008年重要工作目标实施计划》已经市政府同意。

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with ascites and hepatic dysfunction

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare gastrointestinal disorder with eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal wall and various gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and exclusion of various disorders that are associated with peripheral eosinophilia. We report a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis, which had features of the predominant subserosal type presenting with ascites and hepatic dysfunction, and which responded to a course of low-dose steroid.

Fractionation of Zinc in Paddy Soils of China

The rice fields in China amount to 25.4 million hectares of which low yield paddy soils areabout 26％(Xu,1981;Xiao,1981).One of the most important causes of low yield is the defi-ciency in nutrients including zinc.Zinc deficiency usually occurs in calcareous paddy soils withpH>6.5(Zhu and Liu,1981).And the availability of zinc in calcareous paddy soils is lowerthan that in neutral and acid paddy soils.

Estimation of Ecological Water Requirements Based on Habitat Response to Water Level in Huanghe River Delta,China

In recent years,wetland ecological water requirements (EWRs) have been estimated by using hydrological and functional approaches,but those approaches have not yet been integrated for a whole ecosystem.This paper presents a new method for calculating wetland EWRs,which is based on the response of habitats to water level,and determines water level threshold through the functional integrity of habitats.Results show that in the Huanghe (Yellow) River Delta water levels between 5.0 m and 5.5 m are required to maintain the functional integrity of the wetland at a value higher than 0.7.One of the dominant plants in the delta,Phragmites australis,tolerates water level fluctuation of about ± 0.25 m without the change in wetland functional integrity.The minimum,optimum and maximum EWRs for the Huanghe River Delta are 9.42×106 m3,15.56×106 m3 and 24.12×106 m3 with water levels of 5.0 m,5.2 m and 5.5 m,corresponding to functional integrity indices of 0.70,0.84 and 0.72,respectively.A wetland restoration program has been performed,which aims to meet these EWRs in attempt to recover from losses of up to 98% in the delta's former wetland area.

Drainage feature about coalbed methane wells in different hydrogeological conditions in Fanzhuang area

It is an important guarantee to enhance the production of coalbed methane （CBM） and reduce the project invest- ment by finding out the drainage feature about CBM wells in different hydrogeological conditions. Based on the CBM explora- tion and development data on the Fanzhuang block in southeast Qinshui Basin and combined with the seepage principle and lithology on the roof and the bottom coalbed, the mathematical model of integrated permeability was established. By perme- ability experiments of the different lithologies on the roof and the floor within the 20 m range combined with the log curves, the integrated permeability of different lithological combinations were obtained. The starting pressure gradient and permeabi- lity of the roof and the floor for different lithologies was tested by ＂differential pressure-flow method＂. The relationships be- tween the starting pressure gradient and the integrated permeability were obtained. The critical distance of limestone water penetrating into coal reservoirs was calculated. According to the drainage feature of CBM wells combined with the drainage data of some CBM wells, the results show that, when limestone water can penetrate into coal reservoirs, the daily water production is high and the daily gas production is low although there is no gas at the beginning of the drainage process, the CBM wells stop discharging water within 6 months after the gas began to come out, and the gas production is steadily improved. When limestone water can not penetrate into coal reservoirs, the daily water production is low and the daily gas production is high at the beginning of the drainage process, and it almost stops discharging water after some time when the gas come out, the daily gas production increases, and the cumulative water production is much lower.

Effects of Shrub on Runoff and Soil Loss at Loess Slopes Under Simulated Rainfall

Improved understanding of the effect of shrub cover on soil erosion process will provide valuable information for soil and water conservation programs.Laboratory rainfall simulations were conducted to determine the effects of shrubs on runoff and soil erosion and to ascertain the relationship between the rate of soil loss and the runoff hydrodynamic characteristics.In these simulations a 20° slope was subjected to rainfall intensities of 45,87,and 127 mm/h.The average runoff rates ranged from 0.51 to 1.26 mm/min for bare soil plots and 0.15 to 0.96 mm/min for shrub plots.Average soil loss rates varied from 44.19 to 114.61 g/(min·m^2) for bare soil plots and from 5.61 to 84.58 g/(min·m^2) for shrub plots.There was a positive correlation between runoff and soil loss for the bare soil plots,and soil loss increased with increased runoff for shrub plots only when rainfall intensity is 127 mm/h.Runoff and soil erosion processes were strongly influenced by soil surface conditions because of the formation of erosion pits and rills.The unit stream power was the optimal hydrodynamic parameter to characterize the soil erosion mechanisms.The soil loss rate increased linearly with the unit stream power on both shrub and bare soil plots.Critical unit stream power values were 0.004 m/s for bare soil plots and 0.017 m/s for shrub plots.

Water-involving transfer hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles over a bifunctional MoNi_(4)electrode

A room-temperature electrochemical strategy for hydrogenation(deuteration)and reverse dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles over a bifunctional MoNi_(4)electrode is developed,which includes the hydrogenation of quinoxaline using H2O as the hydrogen source with 80%Faradaic efficiency and the reverse dehydrogenation of hydrogen-rich 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline with up to 99%yield and selectivity.The in situ generated active hydrogen atom(H^(*))is plausibly involved in the hydrogenation of quinoxaline,where a consecutive hydrogen radical coupled electron transfer pathway is proposed.Notably,the MoNi_(4)alloy exhibits efficient quinoxaline hydrogenation at an overpotential of only 50 mV,owing to its superior water dissociation ability to provide H^(*)in alkaline media.In situ Raman tests indicate that the Ni^(Ⅱ)/Ni^(Ⅲ)redox couple can promote the dehydrogenation process,representing a promising anodic alternative to low-value oxygen evolution.Impressively,electrocatalytic deuteration is easily achieved with up to 99%deuteration ratios using D2O.This method is capable of producing a series of functionalized hydrogenated and deuterated quinoxalines.

Thermodynamic analysis of simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle

A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The structure of the cycle is simple which comprises evaporator,turbine,regenerator(desorber),absorber,pump and throttle valves for both diluted solution and vapor.And it is of high efficiency,because the working medium has large temperature difference in evaporation and small temperature difference in absorptive condensation,which can match the sensible exothermal heat resource and the cooling water simultaneously.Orthogonal calculation was made to investigate the influence of the working concentration,the basic concentration and the circulation multiple on the cycle performance,with 85-110 ℃ heat resource and 20-32 ℃ cooling water.An optimum scheme was given in the condition of 110 ℃ sensitive heat resource and 20 ℃ cooling water,with the working concentration of 0.6,basic concentration of 0.385,and circulation multiple of 5.The thermal efficiency and the power recovery efficiency are 8.06 % and 6.66%,respectively.The power recovery efficiency of the DPAPC-a is 28.8% higher than that of the steam Rankine cycle(SRC) and 12.7% higher than that of ORC(R134a) under the optimized situation.

Ecological Function of Urban Green Roof and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

Based on the analysis of the multiple ecological functions of green roofs, the main factors affecting the ecological functions of green roofs are expounded and the numerical simulation methods for quantitative calculation of ecological functions of green roofs are summarized in order to provide theoretical and method support for the construction of urban green roofs.

Convective and Microwave Drying Characteristics of Dill Leaves （Anethum graveolens L.）

In this research, convective and microwave drying characteristics, energy requirement and color changes of dill leaves （Anethum graveolens L.） were reported. Dill leaves were dehydrated in a computer connected parallel air flow type dryer and in a microwave oven dryer. Samples of freshly harvested dill leaves were dehydrated under three air temperatures of 50, 60 and 70 ℃, and at three microwave power levels of PL-1 （90 W）, PL-2 （160 W） and PL-3 （350 W）. Selected drying air velocity was 0.30 m/s for all temperatures. Dill leaves were dehydrated from the initial moisture content of 735 （percentage dry basis） to a final moisture content of 8%-10%. During convective drying experiment, products were weighted automatically by the balance per 5-10 min. Data were transferred to the computer and processed by software. During microwave drying, the products were weighted, and data were recorded manually per 15-60 min. The influence of drying method, drying air temperature and microwave power level has also been studied. Hunter L, a, b values system was also used to evaluate changes in total color difference （AE） on dried products. The results showed that convective drying air temperature and microwave oven power levels influenced the total drying time, total energy requirement, specific energy requirement and color difference for dill leaves. The minimum specific energy requirement was determined as 10.72 kWh/kg and 18.72 kWh/kg for 70 ℃ and PL-3, respectively. 70℃ drying air temperature and PL-3 were found to yield better quality product in terms of color retention of Hunter L, a, b and AE. As a result, to reduce drying energy consumption and to keep better color retention, convective drying can be recommended for this application.

Genotype Analysis of Yuzhenxiang, a Long Grain, High Quality Aromatic Rice Cultivar

In China,the market share of a rice cultivar is mainly determined by its yield and quality.Yuzhenxiang is a high-quality variety with extra-slender grain shape,good quality and unique aroma.In order to investigate its genetic background,12 pairs of functional markers were used to detect the genotype distribution of eight major grain shape genes including GS3,GW5,GS6,GW6a,GL7/GW7,GLW7,GW8,GS9,one amylase gene Wx and one aroma gene BADH2 in Yuzhenxiang by using Nipponbare,9311,Huazhan,Zhonghui 8015 and Zhonghui 9308 as controls.The results indicated that the slender grain type of Yuzhenxiang was probably affected by GS3 and GL7/GW7 with the positive co-regulation of multiple grain shape genes,and its outstanding rice quality may be resulted from the cumulative effects of GLW7,GW8 and Wx genotypes,while its unique aroma may be mainly regulated by BADH2-E7 deletion.

Efficiency,mechanism and microbial community of Cd(Ⅱ)removal by mixed bacteria enriched from heavy metals mine soil

Mixed bacteria were enriched from heavy metals mine soil for cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ))-containing wastewater treatment. Batch adsorption experiment results showed that the optimal pH, temperature, initial Cd(Ⅱ) concentration, and biomass dosage were 6.0, 30 ℃, 20 mg/L, and 1 g/L, respectively. Living biomass exhibited better Cd(Ⅱ) removal efficiency(91.97%) than autoclaved biomass(79.54%) under optimal conditions. The isotherms and kinetics of living biomass conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-first-order kinetic model, respectively. FTIR results implied that amine groups, hydroxyl groups and phosphoric acid play an important role in the Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption process, while XRD results showed that crystalline Cd(OH)and CdO were obtained. After Cd(Ⅱ)-containing wastewater treatment exposure, the dominant bacteria genera included Comamonas(39.94%), unclassified_f__Enterobacteriaceae(34.96%), Ochrobactrum(14.07%), Alcaligenes(4.84%), Bordetella(2.07%), Serratia(1.04%), and Bacillus(1.01%). Function prediction showed that the abundance of metabolic genes changed significantly. This study proposes the potential application of mixed bacteria for Cd(Ⅱ)-containing wastewater treatment.