This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization ofwater resources in China, and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization. Theresult of comprehensive analysis shows that con...This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization ofwater resources in China, and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization. Theresult of comprehensive analysis shows that constraining factors to sustainable utilization of waterresources in China are complicated, including physical geographical factors and socio-economicfactors, such as uneven distribution of water resources at temporal and spatial scales,inappropriate institutional arrangement and non-water-saving and non-wter-conservation productionand life mode. The countermeasures against constraining factors to water resources sustainabledevelopment are put forward as follows: 1) using wetlands and forests, and through spatialconversion to realize temporally sustainable supply of water resources; 2) transferring waterbetween basins and areas and developing various water resources in water shortage area; 3)establishing water-saving society; 4) strengthening water pollution control and water resourcesprotection; and 5) establishing unified water resources management mechanism.展开更多
The impacts of future climate change on streamflow of the Dongliao River Watershed located in Jilin Prov-ince, China have been evaluated quantitatively by using a general circulation model （HadCM3） coupled with the ...The impacts of future climate change on streamflow of the Dongliao River Watershed located in Jilin Prov-ince, China have been evaluated quantitatively by using a general circulation model （HadCM3） coupled with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool （SWAT） hydrological model. The model was calibrated and validated against the historical monitored data from 2005 to 2009. The streamflow was estimated by downscaling HadCM3 outputs to the daily mean temperature and precipitation series, derived for three 30-year time slices, 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. Results suggest that daily mean temperature increases with a changing rate of 0.435~C per decade, and precipitation decreases with a changing rate of 0.761 mm per decade. Compared with other seasons, the precipitation in summer shows significant downward trend, while a significant upward trend in autumn. The annual streamflow demonstrates a general down-ward trend with a decreasing rate of 0.405 m^3/s per decade. The streamflow shows significant downward and upward trends in summer and in autumn, respectively. The decreasing rate of streamflow in summer reaches 1.97 m^3/s per decade, which contributes primarily to the decrease of streamflow. The results of this work would be of great benifit to the design of economic and social development planning in the study area.展开更多
The positive role of hydropower in climate change adaption is well accepted by the international community and has been highlighted many times,while the understanding of its impacts on socioeconomic development remain...The positive role of hydropower in climate change adaption is well accepted by the international community and has been highlighted many times,while the understanding of its impacts on socioeconomic development remains at the stage of rough estimation and qualitative description.The application of a multi-regional CGE model in this paper provides an effective tool for quantitatively assessing the socioeconomic impacts of hydropower development,reflecting its positive functions.This case study on the Upper Chuan River details the steps of model development,including impact mechanism analysis,regional delimitation,macro closure setting,shock selection,and database preparation.The results show the enormous economic benefits of hydropower development using various indicators such as consumption,investment,GDP,employment,and income.The study indicates that hydropower development is a win-win energy development mode which can help to realize the integration of sustainable development and climate change mitigation.Finally,potential improvements to the model are discussed.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization ofwater resources in China, and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization. Theresult of comprehensive analysis shows that constraining factors to sustainable utilization of waterresources in China are complicated, including physical geographical factors and socio-economicfactors, such as uneven distribution of water resources at temporal and spatial scales,inappropriate institutional arrangement and non-water-saving and non-wter-conservation productionand life mode. The countermeasures against constraining factors to water resources sustainabledevelopment are put forward as follows: 1) using wetlands and forests, and through spatialconversion to realize temporally sustainable supply of water resources; 2) transferring waterbetween basins and areas and developing various water resources in water shortage area; 3)establishing water-saving society; 4) strengthening water pollution control and water resourcesprotection; and 5) establishing unified water resources management mechanism.
基金Under the auspices of Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment(No.2009ZX07526-006-04-01)
文摘The impacts of future climate change on streamflow of the Dongliao River Watershed located in Jilin Prov-ince, China have been evaluated quantitatively by using a general circulation model （HadCM3） coupled with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool （SWAT） hydrological model. The model was calibrated and validated against the historical monitored data from 2005 to 2009. The streamflow was estimated by downscaling HadCM3 outputs to the daily mean temperature and precipitation series, derived for three 30-year time slices, 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. Results suggest that daily mean temperature increases with a changing rate of 0.435~C per decade, and precipitation decreases with a changing rate of 0.761 mm per decade. Compared with other seasons, the precipitation in summer shows significant downward trend, while a significant upward trend in autumn. The annual streamflow demonstrates a general down-ward trend with a decreasing rate of 0.405 m^3/s per decade. The streamflow shows significant downward and upward trends in summer and in autumn, respectively. The decreasing rate of streamflow in summer reaches 1.97 m^3/s per decade, which contributes primarily to the decrease of streamflow. The results of this work would be of great benifit to the design of economic and social development planning in the study area.
基金supported by the Research on Comprehensive Development and Ecological Barrier Establishment Plan on Yibin-Chongqing Section in the Upper Reach of Yangtze Riverthe Public National Natural Science Foundation of China:"Water Resource Management of the Heihe River Basin"(Grant No.91325302)the Non-profit Sector Research Project of Ministry of Water Resources of China(Grant No.201201073)
文摘The positive role of hydropower in climate change adaption is well accepted by the international community and has been highlighted many times,while the understanding of its impacts on socioeconomic development remains at the stage of rough estimation and qualitative description.The application of a multi-regional CGE model in this paper provides an effective tool for quantitatively assessing the socioeconomic impacts of hydropower development,reflecting its positive functions.This case study on the Upper Chuan River details the steps of model development,including impact mechanism analysis,regional delimitation,macro closure setting,shock selection,and database preparation.The results show the enormous economic benefits of hydropower development using various indicators such as consumption,investment,GDP,employment,and income.The study indicates that hydropower development is a win-win energy development mode which can help to realize the integration of sustainable development and climate change mitigation.Finally,potential improvements to the model are discussed.
