当代中国画的水墨化探研

中国当代水墨画的发展,是伴随着政治、经济、文化的变迁和发展,经过近一个世纪的艰难行程发展起来的一种"语言"体系,更多的是关于一个文化问题的提出,在社会、现实和生活中不断地碰撞和调整。作者对于当代中国现代水墨进行了探究,提出中国画的水墨化才是其创新与发展的唯一出路。

水墨风格化在数字艺术短片中的创作应用

水墨动画脱颖于中国传统水墨画,水墨风格化的数字艺术短片则是在水墨动画创作的基础上更好地运用数字技术,实现中国风艺术短片的另类创作手段。无论是在电视包装或是广告、电视剧、电影的艺术创作中,视听形式的呈现越来越多样,并且越来越多的风格化创作出现在我们的数字短片创作中,风格性创作推动了技术在新影像中的应用,而新技术反馈于风格创作向更深层次挖掘。本文通过介绍水墨风格化在数字艺术短片中的运用,根据对其数字镜头的画面实例分析,探讨了数字艺术短片制作的技术创新和艺术表现。同时,剖析中国传统水墨风格化在视听影像语言中的特色运用,总结出此类数字艺术短片的艺术创新、技术沉淀等创作经验。

水墨当代化转型中出现的新特征与色彩语言

水墨当代化转型的原因主要体现在两处,一是社会发展的加速上升,二是水墨艺术的更新变革,并且转型过程中受到了传统与西方的双重影响。而水墨发展中出现的风格与语言,是一代代画家探索试验的结果,他们肩负的重任是使水墨成为现当代文化的艺术载体,而重中之重则在于要将水墨导入时代性因素,同时突出水墨的民族文化精神,在国际艺术中获得话语上的影响力。本文透过介绍水墨艺术转型中的风格内容,致力探析其新特征与色彩语言,以及反映支撑水墨发展的观念与价值。

融媒体视阈下的新水墨艺术研究

融媒体时代促进了新领域、新业态的兴起,催生出一系列新产业新文化。本文旨在对融媒体时代下的新水墨绘画及数字化发展进行梳理、比较与思考,从而为水墨绘画加快发展提供学理依据。那么融媒体技术传播下的水墨世界到底是现实的还是非现实的,它以何种形式、形象与现实交叉,是否有可持续发展的意义,融媒体传播下传统文化发扬之路前景如何,均是文章研究的问题。

本色与属性——童建颖抽象水墨的文化体验

本市多伦文化街，以二十几幢风格迥异的老建筑而闻名沪上，矗立其中的上海多伦现代美术馆因而就显得突兀和醒目，它涂成墨色的方正硬朗的高大墙体，与老建筑形成强烈鲜明的时代对比，从而构成这条街时空交错意象的风景。而当下正在其间展出的“童建颖抽象水墨艺术展”，似乎因着与这栋建筑同样的现代意味而引人注目。

水墨语言的当代化刍议

中国水墨画要实现当代转换,应立足中国画艺术的本质,探求水墨当代化发展中的传统与现实的辩证问题。水墨语言的精神取向和艺术表现力与水墨材质、文人画传统精神密切相关。其当代化应在继承中国视觉文化传统的基础上参校西方艺术的实验探索精神,着力拓展水墨语言在情感表现和文化承载方面的可能空间,在彰显文化自信的基础上实现艺术精神的超越与提升。

The role of graphene coating on cordierite-supported Pd monolithic catalysts for low-temperature combustion of toluene

In the present work,a Pd/graphene/cordierite(Pd/Gr/Cor)composite was prepared as a monolithic catalyst for low-temperature combustion of toluene.We mainly focused on understanding the role of graphene coating through investigation of catalytic performance and adsorption behavior of the composite.Compared with the traditional Pd/Cor catalyst without graphene coating,Pd/Gr/Cor catalyst delivered much higher activity and stability for toluene catalytic combustion in both dry and moist conditions.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and hydrophobic characterizations indicated that graphene coating can considerably improve the dispersity of Pd nanoparticles and enhance the hydrophobicity of the cordierite support.The adsorption behavior of the above two catalysts,including adsorption isothermal,adsorption kinetics,and adsorption thermodynamics were carefully investigated.The simulation results indicated that a large amount of toluene was adsorbed on graphene surface through relatively weak interaction,whereas only a relatively small amount of toluene was adsorbed on Pd surface with strong affinity.The adsorption thermal calculation indicated that the adsorption of toluene on graphene was a process with reduced entropy,indicating highly-ordered assembly of toluene molecular on graphene.It is the significant concentration and affinity gap between graphene and Pd that ensures a simultaneously and rapid transfer of toluene during the reaction process.

A Novel Mo-Doped Compound with Graphite-Like Structure: [H_3O]_2V_3O_8

The hydrothermal reaction of Na2MoO4 . 2H(2)O, V2O5 and en in water gave rise to a graphite-shaped vanadate [H3O](2)V3O8 1, which is doped with molybdenum. Compound 1 crystallizes in tetragonal system, space group P4bm, H6O10V2.9Mo0.1, M-r = 323.37, a = 8.904(1), c = 5.573(1)Angstrom, V = 441.8(1)Angstrom (3), Z = 2, D-c = 2.431 g.cm(-3), mu = 3.137 mm(-1), F(000) = 314, the final R = 0.0477, wR = 0.0993 for 260 observed reflections. Its two-dimensional framework is built up by corner-shared ((VO4)-O-V) tetrahedra and ((VO5)-O-IV) square pyramids with all of the terminal oxygen atoms toward the same orientation and further connected inta three-dimensional framework through hydrogen bonding between the protoned water molecules.

纹理合成风格迁移算法在动画角色造型中的应用

为实现智能化创作动画,本文提出一个水墨风格角色造型方法,通过对人物照片进行水墨风格化处理,生成具有现代水墨人物画风格的艺术图像。首先通过基于FDoG的轮廓提取与合成,获得水墨笔触的线条画图像;然后通过形状计算和纹理合成,将源风格图像的纹理映射到线条画中。实验结果表明,与已有的图像风格迁移方法相比,文中提出的方法可表现出更多渲染细节。在应用价值方面,该方法可降低动画角色造型难度,并用于动画教学与实践。

Single Pt Atoms Supported on Oxidized Graphene as a Promising Catalyst for Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane

Based on density functional theory calculations,the full hydrolysis of per NH3BH3 molecule to produce three hydrogen molecules on single Pt atoms supported on oxidized graphene(Pt1/Gr-O)is investigated.It is suggested that the first hydrogen molecule is produced by the combination of two hydrogen atoms from two successive B-H bonds breaking.Then one H2O molecule attacks the left*BHNH3 group(*represents adsorbed state)to form*BH(H2O)NH3 and the elongated O-H bond is easily broken to produce*BH(OH)NH3.The second H2O molecule attacks*BH(OH)NH3 to form*BH(OH)(H2O)NH3 and the breaking of O-H bond pointing to the plane of Pt1/Gr-O results in the desorption of BH(OH)2NH3.The second hydrogen molecule is produced from two hydrogen atoms coming from two H2O molecules and Pt1/Gr-O is recovered after the releasing of hydrogen molecule.The third hydrogen molecule is generated by the further hydrolysis of BH(OH)2NH3 in water solution.The rate-limiting step of the whole process is the combination of one H2O molecule and*BHNH3 with an energy barrier of 16.1 kcal/mol.Thus,Pt1/Gr-O is suggested to be a promising catalyst for hydrolysis of NH3BH3 at room temperature.

Effect of graphene on mechanical properties of cement mortars

Functionalized graphene nano-sheets(FGN) of 0.01%-0.05%(mass fraction) were added to produce FGN-cement composites in the form of mortars. Flow properties, mechanical properties and microstructure of the cementitious material were then investigated. The results indicate that the addition of FGN decreases the fluidity slightly and improves mechanical properties of cement-based composites significantly. The highest strength is obtained with FGN content of 0.02% where the flexural strength and compressive strength at 28 days are 12.917 MPa and 52.42 MPa, respectively. Besides, scanning electron micrographs show that FGN can regulate formation of massive compact cross-linking structures and thermo gravimetric analysis indicates that FGN can accelerate the hydration reaction to increase the function of the composite effectively.

Geochemical-Thermodynamic Modeling of the Los Humeros Geothermal Reservoir, Central Mexico

In this work, the authors thermodynamic equilibrium calculations developed a computer program in MATLAB of vapor-liquid multicomponent phases below the language for aqueous speciation and critical temperature of water （647 K） and pressures up to 2 kilobar with two computational routines. The first routine calculates the aqueous speciation from the equations of mass balance, charge balance and mass action, forming a system of N equations and N unknowns describing the aqueous phase with N unknown chemical species, which is solved with Newton-Raphson method using the Debye-Hiickel and Bdotactivity coefficients that solved simultaneously with Henry＇s Law, the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state and a Poynting correction term, calculate chemical potentials and composition of the phases of the system, which are used at the Ratchford-Rice flash routine that iteratively recalculates the distribution of gases in liquid, until convergence. The chemical composition data of gas and brine phases of production wells at standard conditions for 1998 and 2007 of the Los Humeros geothermal field are modeled in the described manner, deducing that fluids inside the pipes of the reservoir are corrosive and cause the precipitation of newly formed minerals such as iron and calcium sulfates and silica, at reservoir conditions.

Multivariate Analysis in the Climate Change Studies and Water Quality of Lake Patzcuaro （Mexico）

In this study, the authors carried out the systemic analysis of water quality of Lake Patzcuaro in relationship with the climate change during a period of 85 years. The statistical comparison （medians, ＂t＂ Student test, regressions and correlations） for the precipitation, evaporation, observed temperature, minimum and maximum for the periods 1969-1988 （pre-impact） and 1988-2007 （post-impact） was realized. The ＂t＂ Student test for water quality during the period of 1981-2011, as well as, the regression analysis and multiple linear correlation of water quality from 2006 to 2011 were applied in joint way of the Cluster and Principal Component to observe the effects of climate change on water quality and vulnerability of Lake Patzcuaro. The comparative analysis of the meteorological data for 1921-1960 and 1973-2007 by the KOppen classification showed a climate change. The comparative Box Plots diagrams for 1973-1989 and 1989-2007, as well as, the ＂t＂ Student test, linear regression and correlation indicated significant changes in time for precipitation, evaporation, observed temperature, minimum and maximum （P ≤ 0.05）. The correlation and regression analysis indicated significant positive trends for turbidity, conductivity, total phosphorus, aluminum, oils and grease, in contrast with Secchi disk depth, transparency, Redox potential and dissolved oxygen concentration. The ＂t＂ Student test showed significant differences between 1981 and 2011 for transparency, hardness, alkalinity, conductivity, nitrite, and phosphate. Cluster and Principal Components of the physicochemical and biological of 2006-2011 confirmed the vulnerability of the system by human growth and climate change influence.

Nutraceutical Effect of Cuetlas （Arsenura armida C.） Edible Insects as Local Food at Ixcaquixtla, Mexico

Insect＇s nutrient composition may provide a good source of macro- and micro-nutrients with nutraceutical functions that could help people from semirural areas, such as Ixcaquixtla, located southeast of the Puebla State, Mexico. The aim of this study was to assess macro- and micro-nutrients in Cuetlas （Arsenura armada C.） larvae and inform local people about the nutraceutical benefits that those insects could provide. Cuetlas larvae samples were collected from Jonote tree on August, 2014 to analyze minerals and macro-nutrient of raw larvae according to AOAC （1995） techniques. Results showed that Cuetlas larvae contained 56.93% proteins, 14.76% lipids, 2.95% minerals, 2.13% fiber and 23.23% soluble carbohydrates. Cuetlas larvae have a good amount of proteins, essential macromolecules for human life as well as essential fatty acids that are important sources of fuel for brain cells and in particular for cardiac and skeletal muscle, minerals, not determined individually, which are important for metabolism processes, fiber for digestive processes and soluble carbohydrates as energy source.

Efficient Degradation of Cellulose in Its Homogeneously Aqueous Solution over 3D Metal-Organic Framework/Graphene Hydrogel Catalyst

Catalytic degradation of cellulose to chemicals is an attracting topic today for the conver- sion of biomass, and the development of novel catalysts is a key point. Since metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） possess uniform, continuous, and permeable channels, they are valu- able candidate as catalysts. Here, a new 3D MOF/graphene catalyst was prepared by in situ growth of the zeolitic imidazolate frameworks （ZIF-8） nanoparticles inside the pore of an as-formed 3D reduced graphene oxide （rGO） hydrogel. The ZIF-8/rGO nanocomposite owns both micropores and mesopores with large specific surface area and plenty of acids sites, which is an idea catalyst for biomass degradation. Cellulose was dissolved in allmline aqueous solution at first, and then it was degraded efficiently over the new catalyst under hydrothermal condition. The conversion reaches 100% while the main products are formic acid with a maximum yield of 93.66%. In addition, the catalyst can be reused with high activity.

Stable and reversible zinc metal anode with fluorinated graphite nanosheets surface coating

A highly stable zinc metal anode modified with a fluorinated graphite nanosheets(FGNSs)coating was designed.The porous structure of the coating layer effectively hinders lateral mass transfer of Zn ions and suppresses dendrite growth.Moreover,the high electronegativity exhibited by fluorine atoms creates an almost superhydrophobic solid-liquid interface,thereby reducing the interaction between solvent water and the zinc substrate.Consequently,this leads to a significant inhibition of hydrogen evolution corrosion and other side reactions.The modified anode demonstrates exceptional cycling stability,as symmetric cells exhibit sustained cycling for over 1400 h at a current density of 5 mA/cm^(2).Moreover,the full cells with NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)cathode exhibit an impressive capacity retention rate of 92.2%after undergoing 1000 cycles.

Facile production of ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride nanoplatelets for efficient visible-light water splitting

Ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride nanoplatelets （UGCNPs） are synthesized by a facile manner via an efficient and eco-friendly ball milling approach. The obtained UGCNPs are 2-6 nm in size and 0.35-0.7 nm in thickness, with improved specific surface area over that of bulk graphitic carbon nitride. Photochemical experiments show that the UGCNPs are highly active in visible-light water splitting, with a hydrogen evolution rate of 1,365 μmol·h^-1·g^-1, which is 13.7-fold greater than that of their bulk counterparts. The notable improvement in the hydrogen evolution rate observed with UGCNPs under visible light is due to the synergistic effects derived from the increased specific surface area, reduced thickness, and a negative shift in the conduction band concomitant with the exfoliation of bulk graphitic carbon nitride into UGCNPs. In addition to metal- free visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production, the UGCNPs find attractive applications in biomedical imaging and optoelectronics because of their superior luminescence characteristics.

Coaxial 3D bioprinting of organ prototyps from nutrients delivery to vascularization

Vascular networks inside organs provide the means for metabolic exchange and adequate nutrition.Similarly,vascular or nutrient networks are needed when building tissue constructs>500μm in vitro due to the hydrogel compact pore size of bioinks.As the hydrogel used in bioinks is rather soft,it is a great challenge to reconstruct effective vascular networks.Recently,coaxial 3 D bioprinting was developed to print tissue constructs directly using hollow hydrogel fibers,which can be treated as built-in microchannels for nutrient delivery.Furthermore,vascular networks could be printed directly through coaxial 3 D bioprinting.This review summarizes recent advances in coaxial bioprinting for the fabrication of complex vascularized tissue constructs including methods,the effectiveness of varying strategies,and the use of sacrificial bioink.The limitations and challenges of coaxial 3 D bioprinting are also summarized.

Poly(amidoxime)-reduced graphene oxide composites as adsorbents for the enrichment of uranium from seawater

The development of efficient materials for high extraction of uranium(UO22+) from seawater is critical for nuclear energy. Poly(amidoxime)-reduced graphene oxide(PAO/rGO) composites with excellent adsorption capability for UO22+ were synthesized by in situ polymerization of acrylonitrile monomers on GO surfaces, followed by amidoximation treatment with hydroxylamine. The adsorption capacities of PAO/rGO composites for UO22+ reached as high as 872 mg/g at pH 4.0. The excellent tolerance of these composites for high salinity and their regeneration-reuse properties can be applied in the nuclear-fuel industry by high extraction of trace UO22+ ions from seawater.

Sandwich layered double hydroxides with graphene oxide for enhanced water desalination

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are a class of two-dimensional(2D)clay compounds that consist of positively charged host layers and exchangeable interlayer anions.The stability of their assemblies in aqueous environment is a challenge due to the extremely high hydrophilicity,which limits their use in membrane-based technologies.Here,we propose a graphene oxide(GO)armour protection strategy to substantially improve the stability of LDH membranes in aqueous solution.The sandwich structured GO/LDH/GO membranes(GLGMs)possess a negative-positive-negative charge heterojunction in the vertical direction that effectively blocks the transport of both cations and anions,i.e.,NaCl,but allows the permeation of water molecules.Following this mechanism,the GLGMs are used for desalination in a forward osmosis mode.A high rejection rate of over 95.2% for NaCl and water flux of over 2.1 Lm^(-2)h^(-1) are achieved with simulated seawater.