滨海城市水景观工程设计探讨

研究主要结合美视高尔夫花园水景观工程设计项目,对滨海城市水景观设计、布局和施工等问题进行分析,从相应的规划原则出发,提出充分体现滨海特色、巧妙布局、注重景观风格统一、动感与美感统一、审美价值与生态价值统一、安全防患与优美环境统一、保持优良水源和控制供水成本等规划方法,以期为其他地区的水景观工程设计提供参考。

河道综合治理工程水工设计的若干问题

在对河道综合治理工程设计报告的审查、咨询和评估工作中,经常会遇到各种各样的水工设计问题,将设计报告中容易出现的问题进行列举和阐述,希望对进一步做好河道综合治理工程的水工设计工作有些许裨益。

生态型护岸在水利工程设计中应用分析

在近年来的水工程设计中,生态型护岸已经得到了广泛关注与应用。随着人们对水资源生态环境的关注度逐渐提高,生态型护岸在治理水环境、保护水生态系统平衡以及与自然景观协调融合等方面具有显著优势。因此,在现代水工程领域,生态型护岸设计逐渐成为一种新的趋势,取代了传统的护岸模式。今后,生态型护岸的设计理念和方法将在水工程设计中发挥更大的作用,提高工程质量的同时,实现水生态文明建设的目标,树立可持续发展的典范。

新工科视野下混合式“金课”建设实践——以“水处理工程设计实训”课程为例

新工科背景下,结合“两性一度”的金课标准,针对“水处理工程设计实训”课程建设问题进行了课程改革与实践。课程建设以立德树人培养应用型人才为导向,优化教学内容,实施线上线下混合式教学,构建多维度课程评价体系,显著提高了学生的实践创新能力。课程建设结果表明,课程提高了学生工程设计实践能力,实现了实训课程由基础知识向综合技能过渡的课程任务,打通了环境生态工程专业课程体系的“最后一公里”,为专业人才培养提供了有力支持。

巨厚煤层宽大工作面综采放顶煤开采水害防治研究

矿井开采煤层较厚,工作面宽大且受顶底板水害威胁,采用瞬变电磁、直流电测深、音频电透视等对工作面进行物探,采用常规钻与定向钻相结的方式对工作面顶板含水岩组、底板砂岩裂隙含水层及奥陶系岩溶裂隙含水组赋水性及隔水层有效性、隐伏构造等进行无盲区探查、验证、治理,并对工作面防治水安全性进行评价,作为带压开采依据。

Design of Constructed Wetland for Treatment of Tailwater from Wastewater Treatment Plant

In this study, the project of constructed wetland for treatment of tailwater from the wastewater treatment plant in Wudang Mountain was taken as an example, and the technological processes, pollution load, wetland bed structure, bed filler, selection of plants and hydraulic conditions of the subsurface flow constructed wetland were discussed. A subsurface flow constructed wetland, which covered an area of 7 227 m^2 was finally designed. It could treat 7 000 m^3 of tailwater from the wastewater treatment plant a day. In addition, the system could reduce the emission of COD, BODs, TN, TP and NH3-N by 25.55, 25.55, 12.78, 1.28 and 17.89 t respectively a day. The outlet water was proved to reach the Standard A of the first class in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant （GB 18918-2002）.

Design Energy Efficient Water Utilization Systems Allowing Operation Split

This article deals with the design of energy efficient water utilization systems allowing operation split. Practical features such as operating flexibility and capital cost have made the number of sub operations an important parameter of the problem. By treating the direct and indirect heat transfers separately, target freshwater and energy consumption as well as the operation split conditions are first obtained. Subsequently, a mixed integer non-linear programming （MINLP） model is established for the design of water network and the heat exchanger network （HEN）. The proposed systematic approach is limited to a single contaminant. Example from literature is used to illustrate the applicability of the approach.

A case study of seismic response of earth embankment foundation on liquefiable soils

A case study of seismic response of an earth embankment foundation on liquefiable soils in Kansai area,western Japan was presented. Based on a calibrated cyclic elasto-plastic constitutive model for liquefiable sand and Biot dynamic coupled theory,the seismic analysis was carried out by using a dynamic effective stress finite element method under plane strain condition. A recent design study was illustrated in detail for a river earth embankment subjected to seismic excitation on the saturated deposits with liquefiable sands. Simulated results of the embankment foundation during liquefaction were obtained for acceleration,displacement,and excess pore water pressures,which were considered to yield useful results for earthquake geotechnical design. The results show that the foundation soil reaches a fully liquefied state with high excess pore pressure ratios approaching to 1.0 due to the earthquake shaking. At the end of the earthquake,the extensive liquefaction causes about 1.0 m lateral spreading at the toe and 60 cm settlement at the crest of the earth embankment.

Groundwater Waves in a Coastal Fractured Aquifer of the Third Phase Qinshan Nuclear Power Engineering Field

Tidal fluctuations of Hangzhou Bay produce progressive pressure waves in adjacent field fractured aquifers, as the pressure waves propagate, groundwater levels and hydraulic gradients continuously fluctuate. The effect of tidal fluctuations on groundwater flow can be determined using the mean hydraulic gradient that can be calculated by comparing mean ground and surface water elevations.Tidal fluctuation is shown to affect the piezometer readings taken in a nearshore fractured aquifer around the nuclear power engineering field. Continuous monitoring of a network of seven piezometers provided relations between the tidal cycle and the piezometer readings. The relations can be expressed in times of a time and amplitude scaling factor. The time lag and the tidal efficiency factor and wavelength are calculated using these parameters. It provides significant scientific basis to prevent tide and groundwater for the nuclear power engineering construction and safety run of nuclear power station in the future.

The Design of Water-reusing Network with a Hybrid Structure Through Mathematical Programming

A new design method for a water-reusing network, with a hybrid structure, to reduce the complexity of the network and to minimize freshwater consumption, is proposed. The unique feature of the methodology proposed .in this article is to control the complexity of the water network by regulation of the control number in a water-reusing system. It combines the advantages of a conventional water-reusing network and a water-reusing net work with internal water mains. To illustrate the proposed method, a single contaminant system and a multiple contaminant system serve as examples of the problems.

Optimal Design of Water Utilization Network with Energy Integration in Process Industries

Effective utilization of water and energy is the key factor of sustainable development in process industries, and also an important science and technology problem to be solved in systems engineering. In this paper,two new methods of optimal design of water utilization network with energy integration in process industries are presented, that is, stepwise and simultaneous optimization methods. They are suitable for both single contaminant and multi-contaminant systems, and the integration of energy can be carried out in the whole process system, not only limited in water network, so that energy can be utilized effectively. The two methods are illustrated by case study.

Key Technologies of the Hydraulic Structures of the Three Gorges Project

To date,the Three Gorges Project is the largest hydro junction in the world.It is the key project for the integrated water resource management and development of the Changjiang River.The technology of the project,with its huge scale and comprehensive benefits,is extremely complicated,and the design difficulty is greater than that of any other hydro project in the world.A series of new design theories and methods have been proposed and applied in the design and research process.Many key technological problems regarding hydraulic structures have been overcome,such as a gravity dam with multi-layer large discharge orifices,a hydropower station of giant generating units,and a giant continual multi-step ship lock with a high water head.

The demonstration,decision process and practice of Three Gorges Project

The world-famous Three Gorges Project (TGP) is the largest hydropower station in the world and the largest water resources and hydropower project constructed in China.The impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir reached the design water level of 175 m for the first time on October 26,2010,which indicated that the project had met design requirements of various functionalities of flood control,power generation and navigation.To complete the project it took nearly 100 years for conception,demonstration,design and construction of the TGP.How was the conception of TGP proposed? What kind of role should it be? What were the different opinions? How was the project demonstrated? What was the conclusion of demonstration? Those are the issues that many people care and don't know about.To memorize the realization of the century dream of Chinese people and to record the history of development of TGP,the author presents a compendious introduction to the project.

Integration between Engineering and Knowledge Systems： Evaluation of Performance of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in a Textile Company

The integration between engineering and knowledge systems （KS） in a manufacturing environment in a network of industrial enterprises was investigated. The drivers for this application of engineering design to infrastructure in an industrial setting where cost and time to market are vital were to spread best practice, and to gain experience in dealing with the regulatory authorities according to ISO 14000. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the industrial wastewater treatment plant of the Hilla Textile Factories, to find an appropriate method of treating the industrial wastewater so as to render it fit for reuse or safe to be disposed of as stipulated by the Iraqi laws on effluent disposal. The removal efficiencies of the different parameters used to describe water quality was low. It was found that the removal efficiency of COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand） was 20-21%, that of BOD （Biochemical Oxygen Demand） was 17-30% and that of TSS （Total Suspended Solids） was 27-31%. The quality of the effluent was not in line with those of either the Iraqi or American standards.

Research on the optimal design of spillway tunnel

In order to meet the needs of various tasks of water conservancy project, tunnel excavation under the ground, called hydraulic tunnel. Hydraulic tunnel according to the functions of flood discharge, water diversion, irrigation, water supply, and the construction diversion tunnel of desilting emptying. Nowadays, water conservancy project on flood discharge runnel design requirements more and more high, so the factors taken into account the amount of spillway tunnel engineering, engineering cost, structure design and other factors to evaluate nature of the spillway tunnel is very important. Therefore, in actual construction, of spillway tunnel of optimization design, whether from the economic point of view, or from the point of view of safety and applicability are necessary. This article mainly from the overall layout of flood discharge tunnel, structure design and so on, and then discuss the optimization scheme.

The design and practice of giant hydro turbine generating units of Three Gorges Project

The main technical problems that should be considered in the design of hydro-turbine generating units of Three Gorges Project (TGP) are analyzed;the key technical researches performed are summarized,and the parameters of hydro-turbine generating units are optimized through the study on key technical problems.The unit operation indicates that the performance of the hydro-turbine generating units is excellent,and the units can operate in a safe,stable and highly efficient mode for a long term.Therefore,it is verified effectively that the general technical design of units is scientific and rational.

Research on Geological Structure Inversion Method with Acoustic Computed Tomography and Borehole Data

This article firstly proposes two problems related to geological structure inversion with acoustic computed tomography (CT): ① the results surveyed are different from true stratum layers; ② the existing acoustic CT inversion methods are based on wave's travel route and velocity analysis, which is short of comprehensive analysis of the revealed geological data. Then, it puts forward the method of applying the borehole data to revise acoustic CT investigation result through controlling the boundary velocity. This method comprehensively uses acoustic data and borehole data to invert the rock masses' shear wave speed. Comparing to calculating the rock mass' wave speed with acoustic data alone, it makes full use of the information, and the results obtained are closer to real stratum. Finally, it applies the method to engineering project and the results gotten with the method are more accurate, which shows the reliability and accuracy of the method.