利用太阳活动低年2007—2010共计4年的COSMIC(Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate satellite)掩星观测数据,在修正地磁纬度-磁地方时标系下(地磁坐标系),计算了极区电离层平均电子含量(mPEC)表征...利用太阳活动低年2007—2010共计4年的COSMIC(Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate satellite)掩星观测数据,在修正地磁纬度-磁地方时标系下(地磁坐标系),计算了极区电离层平均电子含量(mPEC)表征极区电离层的世界时(UT)变化特征。结果表明地磁坐标系下南北极区电离层UT变化特征明显,主要是由于极区的太阳光致电离区域随UT变化所致。以mPEC表征的极区电离层电子密度UT变化规律呈正余弦型,在南北极约有12小时的相位差;南极的UT变化强度要大于北极,约是北极的2~3倍,这些特征主要归因于地理轴与地磁轴的夹角在南极大于北极。通过与地理纬度-地方时坐标系下mPEC的UT变化特征对比,发现地磁坐标系下的UT变化强度更大,原因是地磁坐标系下极区电离层的UT变化是太阳光致电离叠加水平输运调制共同作用的结果,而地理坐标系下极区电离层UT变化主要由水平输运产生。展开更多
The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to investigate the role of downward momentum transport in the formation of severe surface winds for a squall line on 3-4 June 2009 across regions of the Henan ...The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to investigate the role of downward momentum transport in the formation of severe surface winds for a squall line on 3-4 June 2009 across regions of the Henan and Shandong Provinces of China. The results show that there was a strong westerly jet belt with a wind speed greater than 30 m s 1 and a thickness of 5 km at an altitude of 11-16 km. The jet belt was accelerated, and it descended while the squall line convective system occurred. It was found that the appearance of strong negative perturbation pressure accompanied by the squall line caused the acceleration of the upper-level westerly jet and increased the horizontal wind speed by a maximum of 18%. Meanwhile, the negative buoyancy due to the loading, melting, and evaporation of cloud hydrometeors induced the downward momentum transport from the upper levels. The downward momentum transport contributed approximately 70% and the surface cold pool 30% to the formation of severe surface winds.展开更多
As a solution to the breaking of pipeline under high axial force,carbon fiber composite pipe with low density and high intensity is applied to deep-sea mining transporting system.Based on the fact that the transportin...As a solution to the breaking of pipeline under high axial force,carbon fiber composite pipe with low density and high intensity is applied to deep-sea mining transporting system.Based on the fact that the transporting pipe is under the forces of gravity,inner liquid,buoyancy as well as hydrodynamic force,geometric nonlinear finite element theory has been applied to analyzing the transporting system.Conclusions can be drawn as follows.Under the interaction of waves and currents,node forces FX and FZ acted by the transporting pipe on the mining vehicle are less than 2 kN,which indicates that waves and currents have little influence on the spatial shape of the transporting pipe and the mining vehicle movement.On the other hand,the horizontal force acting on the mining ship could be as large as 106 830 N,which has great influence on the mining system.展开更多
On fully-mechanized faces in nearly horizontal thin coal seams (NHTCS), the selection of the auxiliary transportation mode is difficult. Generally, auxiliary transportation mainly includes trackless or rail transpor...On fully-mechanized faces in nearly horizontal thin coal seams (NHTCS), the selection of the auxiliary transportation mode is difficult. Generally, auxiliary transportation mainly includes trackless or rail transportation. Combined with a familiar NHTCS fully-mechanized face, a multi-attribute decision- making model was set up for the decision. The index weight was objectively determined with the fuzzy number and entropy method. The priority order of auxiliary transportation modes was obtained from the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE). The results show that: the net flow of the mode can be expressed by the function of the surrounding rock deformation of the roadway, the dimension of equipment and the thickness of the coal seam; Based on the cost type index, there is a positive correlation between the net flow with the height and width of the trackless auxiliary transportation equipment, respectively. The trackless auxiliary transportation equipment selection principle should be "height first then width". Combined with the field application of the trackless auxil- iary transportation in Liangshuijing coal mine, the proper method to achieve the safe and high-efficient exploitation of a NHTCS fully-mechanized face is trackless tvred vehicle auxiliary transportation.展开更多
The cut tobacco transporting is the absolutely necessarily important tache, Whether the transportation process stability is a direct impact on production quality and manufacturing standards. The wind system is adopted...The cut tobacco transporting is the absolutely necessarily important tache, Whether the transportation process stability is a direct impact on production quality and manufacturing standards. The wind system is adopted by most tobacco companies because of it caused least disruptive of the cut tobacco structure and the pipe network layout of system is flexible, but the wind system is greater influence by itself, different control methods are caused greater difference of process indicators, for example essence and spice ingredients, moisture proportion and smoke flavor. Based on the above reasons, so we need to design the control method of wind system necessarily, in addition we must checkout the control accuracy opportunely, so that it is satisfied by the actual working conditions.展开更多
The transport performance of chloride ion in slag cement mortar was investigated experimentally. In the self-designed experiment, fatigue loading was coupled simultaneously with ion transportation process, the diffusi...The transport performance of chloride ion in slag cement mortar was investigated experimentally. In the self-designed experiment, fatigue loading was coupled simultaneously with ion transportation process, the diffusion law of chloride ion was obtained by titration and the AE (acoustic emission) technique was employed to detect the real-time damage distribution in the mortar specimen. The results for fatigue stress levels of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 and slag contents of 0, 10%, 30% and 50% showed that fatigue loading accelerated the diffusion of chloride ion in mortar and the acceleration effect increased with the increase in stress levels. Slag addition was found to improve anti-chloride ion erosion performance effectively with the best substitution level at 30%, because the inhibition effect of slag on chloride ion diffusion diminished when the slag content exceeded 30%. The comparative experiments indicated that dynamic load has a significant effect on the transport performance of chloride ion in slag cement mortar.展开更多
文摘利用太阳活动低年2007—2010共计4年的COSMIC(Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate satellite)掩星观测数据,在修正地磁纬度-磁地方时标系下(地磁坐标系),计算了极区电离层平均电子含量(mPEC)表征极区电离层的世界时(UT)变化特征。结果表明地磁坐标系下南北极区电离层UT变化特征明显,主要是由于极区的太阳光致电离区域随UT变化所致。以mPEC表征的极区电离层电子密度UT变化规律呈正余弦型,在南北极约有12小时的相位差;南极的UT变化强度要大于北极,约是北极的2~3倍,这些特征主要归因于地理轴与地磁轴的夹角在南极大于北极。通过与地理纬度-地方时坐标系下mPEC的UT变化特征对比,发现地磁坐标系下的UT变化强度更大,原因是地磁坐标系下极区电离层的UT变化是太阳光致电离叠加水平输运调制共同作用的结果,而地理坐标系下极区电离层UT变化主要由水平输运产生。
基金supported by the National Meteorology Public Welfare Industry Research Project(GYHY200806001)the National Science and Technology Support Program (2006BAC12B03)
文摘The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to investigate the role of downward momentum transport in the formation of severe surface winds for a squall line on 3-4 June 2009 across regions of the Henan and Shandong Provinces of China. The results show that there was a strong westerly jet belt with a wind speed greater than 30 m s 1 and a thickness of 5 km at an altitude of 11-16 km. The jet belt was accelerated, and it descended while the squall line convective system occurred. It was found that the appearance of strong negative perturbation pressure accompanied by the squall line caused the acceleration of the upper-level westerly jet and increased the horizontal wind speed by a maximum of 18%. Meanwhile, the negative buoyancy due to the loading, melting, and evaporation of cloud hydrometeors induced the downward momentum transport from the upper levels. The downward momentum transport contributed approximately 70% and the surface cold pool 30% to the formation of severe surface winds.
基金Project(50975290) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011QNZT057) supported by the Basic Operational Cost of Special Research Funding of Central Universities in ChinaProject(11JJ5028) supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China
文摘As a solution to the breaking of pipeline under high axial force,carbon fiber composite pipe with low density and high intensity is applied to deep-sea mining transporting system.Based on the fact that the transporting pipe is under the forces of gravity,inner liquid,buoyancy as well as hydrodynamic force,geometric nonlinear finite element theory has been applied to analyzing the transporting system.Conclusions can be drawn as follows.Under the interaction of waves and currents,node forces FX and FZ acted by the transporting pipe on the mining vehicle are less than 2 kN,which indicates that waves and currents have little influence on the spatial shape of the transporting pipe and the mining vehicle movement.On the other hand,the horizontal force acting on the mining ship could be as large as 106 830 N,which has great influence on the mining system.
基金the National High Technology Plan of China (No. 2012AA062101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51374200)Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘On fully-mechanized faces in nearly horizontal thin coal seams (NHTCS), the selection of the auxiliary transportation mode is difficult. Generally, auxiliary transportation mainly includes trackless or rail transportation. Combined with a familiar NHTCS fully-mechanized face, a multi-attribute decision- making model was set up for the decision. The index weight was objectively determined with the fuzzy number and entropy method. The priority order of auxiliary transportation modes was obtained from the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE). The results show that: the net flow of the mode can be expressed by the function of the surrounding rock deformation of the roadway, the dimension of equipment and the thickness of the coal seam; Based on the cost type index, there is a positive correlation between the net flow with the height and width of the trackless auxiliary transportation equipment, respectively. The trackless auxiliary transportation equipment selection principle should be "height first then width". Combined with the field application of the trackless auxil- iary transportation in Liangshuijing coal mine, the proper method to achieve the safe and high-efficient exploitation of a NHTCS fully-mechanized face is trackless tvred vehicle auxiliary transportation.
文摘The cut tobacco transporting is the absolutely necessarily important tache, Whether the transportation process stability is a direct impact on production quality and manufacturing standards. The wind system is adopted by most tobacco companies because of it caused least disruptive of the cut tobacco structure and the pipe network layout of system is flexible, but the wind system is greater influence by itself, different control methods are caused greater difference of process indicators, for example essence and spice ingredients, moisture proportion and smoke flavor. Based on the above reasons, so we need to design the control method of wind system necessarily, in addition we must checkout the control accuracy opportunely, so that it is satisfied by the actual working conditions.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School Southeast University (Grant No. YBJJ1129)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 5107808)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Project) (Grant No. 2009CB326200)
文摘The transport performance of chloride ion in slag cement mortar was investigated experimentally. In the self-designed experiment, fatigue loading was coupled simultaneously with ion transportation process, the diffusion law of chloride ion was obtained by titration and the AE (acoustic emission) technique was employed to detect the real-time damage distribution in the mortar specimen. The results for fatigue stress levels of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 and slag contents of 0, 10%, 30% and 50% showed that fatigue loading accelerated the diffusion of chloride ion in mortar and the acceleration effect increased with the increase in stress levels. Slag addition was found to improve anti-chloride ion erosion performance effectively with the best substitution level at 30%, because the inhibition effect of slag on chloride ion diffusion diminished when the slag content exceeded 30%. The comparative experiments indicated that dynamic load has a significant effect on the transport performance of chloride ion in slag cement mortar.