川藏铁路穿越了地形复杂、气候多变的川西高原和青藏高原地区,这些地区的地形和气候对地面风场具有重要影响。本文旨在分析川藏铁路沿线地面风场的变化特征,为铁路的线路设计和工程建设提供参考以及科学依据。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报...川藏铁路穿越了地形复杂、气候多变的川西高原和青藏高原地区,这些地区的地形和气候对地面风场具有重要影响。本文旨在分析川藏铁路沿线地面风场的变化特征,为铁路的线路设计和工程建设提供参考以及科学依据。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的再分析数据集中1950年1月至2023年12月的地面10米风速再分析资料,对川藏铁路沿线地面风场时空分布特征以及变化规律进行分析。结果表明:1) 川藏铁路地区平均风速较大的区域主要集中在铁路的中部和西部,具体位于理塘、昌都以及拉林段铁路两侧;而在雅安周边、昌都部分地区以及林芝东侧和南侧,风速较小。2) 川藏铁路地区平均风速随海拔升高变化情况如下:在0~1500 m范围内,平均风速随海拔升高而降低;在1500~5500 m范围内,风速随海拔升高而升高;在高于5500 m范围内,风速随海拔升高而降低。且海拔在4500~6000 m内时,平均风速较大。3) 1950~2023年平均风速总体呈现上升趋势,其中夏季增速最快,每十年上升0.012 m/s,夏季当中6月份增速最快,每十年增加0.02 m/s。4) 川藏铁路沿线风速较大的月份集中在5月~7月,平均风速超过0.90 m/s,其中6月的平均风速最高,达到约0.95 m/s。风速较小的月份为3月~5月,平均风速低于0.75 m/s,4月的平均风速最低,低于0.70 m/s。从4月份至6月份,风速急速增加,应重点关注。5) 12月至次年4月,即冬季和春季,极大风速波动较大,而在夏季和秋季两季的风速相对较小且平稳。整体来看,各个月的极大风速没有明显变化,但在许多年份存在波动。The Sichuan-Tibet Railway traverses the complex terrain and variable climate of the Sichuan-Western Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau regions. These regions’ terrain and climate significantly impact the surface wind field. This paper aims to analyze the changing characteristics of the surface wind field along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, providing reference and scientific basis for railway route design and engineering construction. Utilizing reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) from January 1950 to December 2023, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and change patterns of the surface wind field along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. The results show: 1) The areas with higher average wind speeds are mainly concentrated in the central and western parts of the railway, specifically on both sides of the Litang, Chamdo, and Lalin sections, while the areas around Ya’an, parts of Chamdo, and the eastern and southern sides of Nyingchi have lower wind speeds. 2) The change in average wind speed with altitude along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway is as follows: in the 0~1500 m range, average wind speed decreases with altitude;in the 1500~5500 m range, wind speed increases with altitude;above 5500 m, wind speed decreases with altitude, with higher average wind speeds occurring in the 4500~6000 m range. 3) From 1950 to 2023, the overall average wind speed shows an upward trend, with the fastest increase in summer, rising by 0.012 m/s per decade, and June showing the fastest increase within summer, rising by 0.02 m/s per decade. 4) The months with higher wind speeds along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway are concentrated from May to July, with average wind speeds exceeding 0.90 m/s, and June having the highest average wind speed at about 0.95 m/s. The months with lower wind speeds are from March to May, with average wind speeds below 0.75 m/s, and April having the lowest average wind speed at about 0.70 m/s. Wind speeds increase rapidly from April to June, warranting close attention. 5) From December to April of the following year, during winter and spring, extreme wind speed fluctuations are larger, while wind speeds are relatively smaller and more stable in summer and autumn. Overall, the extreme wind speeds do not show significant changes throughout the months but exhibit fluctuations in many years.展开更多
文摘川藏铁路穿越了地形复杂、气候多变的川西高原和青藏高原地区,这些地区的地形和气候对地面风场具有重要影响。本文旨在分析川藏铁路沿线地面风场的变化特征,为铁路的线路设计和工程建设提供参考以及科学依据。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的再分析数据集中1950年1月至2023年12月的地面10米风速再分析资料,对川藏铁路沿线地面风场时空分布特征以及变化规律进行分析。结果表明:1) 川藏铁路地区平均风速较大的区域主要集中在铁路的中部和西部,具体位于理塘、昌都以及拉林段铁路两侧;而在雅安周边、昌都部分地区以及林芝东侧和南侧,风速较小。2) 川藏铁路地区平均风速随海拔升高变化情况如下:在0~1500 m范围内,平均风速随海拔升高而降低;在1500~5500 m范围内,风速随海拔升高而升高;在高于5500 m范围内,风速随海拔升高而降低。且海拔在4500~6000 m内时,平均风速较大。3) 1950~2023年平均风速总体呈现上升趋势,其中夏季增速最快,每十年上升0.012 m/s,夏季当中6月份增速最快,每十年增加0.02 m/s。4) 川藏铁路沿线风速较大的月份集中在5月~7月,平均风速超过0.90 m/s,其中6月的平均风速最高,达到约0.95 m/s。风速较小的月份为3月~5月,平均风速低于0.75 m/s,4月的平均风速最低,低于0.70 m/s。从4月份至6月份,风速急速增加,应重点关注。5) 12月至次年4月,即冬季和春季,极大风速波动较大,而在夏季和秋季两季的风速相对较小且平稳。整体来看,各个月的极大风速没有明显变化,但在许多年份存在波动。The Sichuan-Tibet Railway traverses the complex terrain and variable climate of the Sichuan-Western Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau regions. These regions’ terrain and climate significantly impact the surface wind field. This paper aims to analyze the changing characteristics of the surface wind field along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, providing reference and scientific basis for railway route design and engineering construction. Utilizing reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) from January 1950 to December 2023, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and change patterns of the surface wind field along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. The results show: 1) The areas with higher average wind speeds are mainly concentrated in the central and western parts of the railway, specifically on both sides of the Litang, Chamdo, and Lalin sections, while the areas around Ya’an, parts of Chamdo, and the eastern and southern sides of Nyingchi have lower wind speeds. 2) The change in average wind speed with altitude along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway is as follows: in the 0~1500 m range, average wind speed decreases with altitude;in the 1500~5500 m range, wind speed increases with altitude;above 5500 m, wind speed decreases with altitude, with higher average wind speeds occurring in the 4500~6000 m range. 3) From 1950 to 2023, the overall average wind speed shows an upward trend, with the fastest increase in summer, rising by 0.012 m/s per decade, and June showing the fastest increase within summer, rising by 0.02 m/s per decade. 4) The months with higher wind speeds along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway are concentrated from May to July, with average wind speeds exceeding 0.90 m/s, and June having the highest average wind speed at about 0.95 m/s. The months with lower wind speeds are from March to May, with average wind speeds below 0.75 m/s, and April having the lowest average wind speed at about 0.70 m/s. Wind speeds increase rapidly from April to June, warranting close attention. 5) From December to April of the following year, during winter and spring, extreme wind speed fluctuations are larger, while wind speeds are relatively smaller and more stable in summer and autumn. Overall, the extreme wind speeds do not show significant changes throughout the months but exhibit fluctuations in many years.
