上海市地处太湖流域下游和长江口，属感潮平原水网地区，每年要投入大量的人力、物力进行上游太湖流域来水及潮汐进潮水量的监测。传统的监测方法已不能完全胜任社会对水文测报自动、实时监测的新要求，为此进行了声学多普勒水流剖面仪...上海市地处太湖流域下游和长江口，属感潮平原水网地区，每年要投入大量的人力、物力进行上游太湖流域来水及潮汐进潮水量的监测。传统的监测方法已不能完全胜任社会对水文测报自动、实时监测的新要求，为此进行了声学多普勒水流剖面仪（Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers,简称 ADCP）与传统转子式流速仪测流的比测试验，探索其对上海感潮河段的适用性。简要介绍该系统的工作原理、配置与功能，及比测试验的情况。展开更多
在现代流量测验过程中,声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler)简称为ADCP,因具有高效、经济、快速、精确的特点,得到广泛应用。其中水平式ADCP(H-ADCP)则是通过测量代表流层的流速,进而推算得到断面流量。因H-ADCP...在现代流量测验过程中,声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler)简称为ADCP,因具有高效、经济、快速、精确的特点,得到广泛应用。其中水平式ADCP(H-ADCP)则是通过测量代表流层的流速,进而推算得到断面流量。因H-ADCP本身测验方法的限制,在代表流速关系率定时,存在粗大误差的可能,使得关系线偏离,最终导致流量测验准确度降低。本文将以粗大误差判别的几种准则为切入点,分析和比较其在H-ADCP流速关系率定中的应用。展开更多
Measurements of topography at the segment of bifurcation between the South Channel and North Channel in the Yangtze Estuary were conducted, and a new type of subaqueous dune was discovered. This structure, newly defin...Measurements of topography at the segment of bifurcation between the South Channel and North Channel in the Yangtze Estuary were conducted, and a new type of subaqueous dune was discovered. This structure, newly defined as a catenary-bead dune, consists of a catenary dune and its associated elliptical pit bedform. Based on this finding, the nomenclature of "morphology of dune associated with accompanying bedform" is first proposed. The measured data indicate a mean height and wavelength of 1.29 m and 31.89 m, respectively; wavelength/height ratio(L/H) of 14 to 56; and elliptical pits of mean and maximum depth 0.98 m and 1.98 m, respectively. Flow information was obtained using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profile(ADCP), and the bed material components were gathered with a bottom sampler. The results show mean flood and ebb velocities of 0.27 and 0.78 m s?1, respectively, with shorter duration of flood tide than ebb tide. The silt, very fine sand, and fine sand fractions were within the ranges 21.6–23.4%, 28.2–32.2%, and 39.7–41.6%, respectively, revealing complex bed material composition. Water depth at the study site varies from 13 to 17 m. This finding will enrich the study of dunes and provide important data for geomorphological research. Moreover, the results are significant for engineering applications to estuaries.展开更多
文摘上海市地处太湖流域下游和长江口，属感潮平原水网地区，每年要投入大量的人力、物力进行上游太湖流域来水及潮汐进潮水量的监测。传统的监测方法已不能完全胜任社会对水文测报自动、实时监测的新要求，为此进行了声学多普勒水流剖面仪（Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers,简称 ADCP）与传统转子式流速仪测流的比测试验，探索其对上海感潮河段的适用性。简要介绍该系统的工作原理、配置与功能，及比测试验的情况。
文摘在现代流量测验过程中,声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler)简称为ADCP,因具有高效、经济、快速、精确的特点,得到广泛应用。其中水平式ADCP(H-ADCP)则是通过测量代表流层的流速,进而推算得到断面流量。因H-ADCP本身测验方法的限制,在代表流速关系率定时,存在粗大误差的可能,使得关系线偏离,最终导致流量测验准确度降低。本文将以粗大误差判别的几种准则为切入点,分析和比较其在H-ADCP流速关系率定中的应用。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41476075)
文摘Measurements of topography at the segment of bifurcation between the South Channel and North Channel in the Yangtze Estuary were conducted, and a new type of subaqueous dune was discovered. This structure, newly defined as a catenary-bead dune, consists of a catenary dune and its associated elliptical pit bedform. Based on this finding, the nomenclature of "morphology of dune associated with accompanying bedform" is first proposed. The measured data indicate a mean height and wavelength of 1.29 m and 31.89 m, respectively; wavelength/height ratio(L/H) of 14 to 56; and elliptical pits of mean and maximum depth 0.98 m and 1.98 m, respectively. Flow information was obtained using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profile(ADCP), and the bed material components were gathered with a bottom sampler. The results show mean flood and ebb velocities of 0.27 and 0.78 m s?1, respectively, with shorter duration of flood tide than ebb tide. The silt, very fine sand, and fine sand fractions were within the ranges 21.6–23.4%, 28.2–32.2%, and 39.7–41.6%, respectively, revealing complex bed material composition. Water depth at the study site varies from 13 to 17 m. This finding will enrich the study of dunes and provide important data for geomorphological research. Moreover, the results are significant for engineering applications to estuaries.
