浑河主要污染指标特征性分析

利用1995年至2010年浑河干流7个常规监测断面的历年监测数据,通过统计分析确定浑河水质的主要污染指标为氨氮、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)和生化需氧量(BOD)。并指出1995～2000年间,浑河有机污染突出,2000年以后,浑河水质氮、磷污染更为突出,有机污染有所改善。并详细分析了这四项主要污染指标的时间及水期间分布规律,为浑河流域水污染治理及编制流域规划提供技术支撑。

陕西省典型城市污泥养分与重金属含量调查

分别采集陕西省22家典型城市污水处理厂丰水期和枯水期的污泥样品,研究其总氮、总磷、总钾、有机物以及Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Hg、As等8种重金属含量与其形态分布特征。结果表明,陕西省主要城市污泥pH为6.34~8.54,污泥中有机物、总氮、总磷高于传统农家肥,但总钾含量较低。污泥中有机物、总氮、总磷和总钾含量均受到水期的显著影响(P<0.05)。8种重金属含量表现为Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Ni>As>Hg>Cd,其中Zn、Cr、Hg含量受到水期的显著影响(P<0.001)。形态分析表明,Cu、Ni、Cr、Cd主要以有机物结合态和残渣态存在,Zn主要以铁锰氧化物结合态、有机物结合态和残渣态存在,Pb主要以残渣态存在。总体而言,陕西省城市污泥具有较高的土地利用价值,适合施用于园地、牧草地、不种植食用农作物的耕地以及中碱性土壤土质改良,但需特别注意Pb、Cd、Hg、As含量的控制。

Variation Characteristics of Water Budget Condition of Heilongjiang Province in Recent 50 Years

Based on the 1961-2010 weather data from 65 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province, using the statistic software and GIS, the change characteristics of water budget, including the precipitation, reference evapotranspiration and water budget in the whole year and the temperature-defined growing season, were analyzed. The results indicated that the both the precipitation during the whole year and that of during the temperature-defined growing season from 1961 to 2010 all decreased, while the annual reference evapotranspiration decreased, but the reference evapotranspiration during the temperature-defined growing season presented an increasing trend. The water resources were generally characterized by water deficit, especially in the beginning of 21 st .

Sediment Movement in Periodic Alternating Current

The present paper summarizes the results of previous studies, including the structure and principle of the rotary ring flume for researching the fine sediment movement, the mechanism of the flume, method of eliminating the influence of the centrifugal force and sediment movement experiments with periodic alternating current. Also included are the experiment-based relationship among sediment concentration, bed shear stress and silt carrying capacity, a proposed erosion-deposition function and bed erosion-deposition calculation together with the results of verification.

Does testosterone prevent early postoperative complications after gastrointestinal surgery?

AIM:To investigate the role of sex hormones in the early postoperative complications of gastrointestinal diseases. METHODS:A total of 65 patients who underwent operations for gastric and colorectal diseases(mainly malignant diseases)were included in the study. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at different times for analysis of estradiol,testosterone and progesterone.The only study endpoint was analysis of postoperative complications. RESULTS:Patients of both sexes were uniform but postoperative complication rate was significantly higher in female patients(P=0.027).There was no significant association of estradiol and progesterone with postoperative complications.Testosterone levels in complicated patients were significantly lower than in uncomplicated patients(P<0.05).Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that a lower value of testosterone was a predictor for higher complication rate(P<0.05),and a lower value oftestosterone at later times after surgery was a better predictor of complications. CONCLUSION:Patients with low testosterone level were prone to higher postoperative complications,which was evident in both sexes.However,further studies are necessary to support this result.

Coarse aerosol particle size and shape characteristics near ground level of Shijiazhuang city, China

This research sampled subaerial ambient coarse aerosol particles （〉2μm of equivalent area diameter） in the typical air polluted city of Shijiazhuang to measure the particle size distribution and shape characteristics by the analyzer of CIS-50 and the scan electronic microscope of S-570 in the non-heating period and heating period respectively. The results show that the coarse aerosol particle size distribution mode is 2-4μm in the non-heating period and 3-5μm in the heating period, with the size range of 0.8-120μm, mostly under 10μm; and the square or square like particle shape is dominant, the sphere like lesser, the acute-angle and lathy shape sparse. There exist particle size distribution and shape characteristics differences in the non-heating period and heating period influenced greatly by the ground coal combustion emission and windblown dust. In the heating period, particle size average increases by 53.2%, principally in the size range of 5-10μm, and 20-50μm secondly. Meanwhile, the particle number of quasi-round and round shape group and those with convex-concave fractal edge increase obviously. These quasi-round particles are agglomerate derived from combustion in the SEM images. The relationship between particle size and shape is demonstrated by that the percentage of PM5 and the particle number of the quasi-square and square shape group are positively correlative with r of 0.9458; quasi-round and round shape group negatively correlative with r of-0.9726 respectively.

陕西省城镇污泥养分与重金属含量特征分析

分不同水期调查研究了陕西省不同地区32家城镇污水处理厂出厂污泥中总氮、总磷、总钾、有机质以及Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、As 6种重金属元素的含量特征。结果表明:1)陕西省城镇污泥中氮、磷养分及有机物含量较为丰富,但总钾含量不高;污泥总养分含量大体呈现枯水期>平水期>丰水期的分布特征,其中总氮与有机物含量受水期的影响极显著(PJ-T<0.001),而总磷和总钾含量受水期的影响并不显著(PJ-T>0.05)。2)陕西省城镇污泥中重金属含量呈对数正态分布,6种重金属元素含量顺序为Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Ni>As;不同水期污泥重金属含量不存在显著性差异(PANOVA>0.05)。3)总体而言,陕西省城镇污泥具有较高的农用价值,且重金属含量处于相对较低的水平,较适合施用于林地、牧草地和不种植食用农作物的耕地,以及用于中碱性土质的土地改良,同时需特别注意,As含量必须控制在标准限值以内。