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水氮限量供给下两个高产小麦品种氮素吸收与利用特征 被引量:20
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作者 臧贺藏 刘云鹏 +2 位作者 曹莲 张英华 王志敏 《麦类作物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第3期503-509,共7页
为给华北地区冬小麦节水高产高效栽培提供理论依据,选用当地两个主栽冬小麦品种济麦22和石麦15为材料,在大田春灌一水(W1)和春灌二水(W2)2个灌水条件下均设置192kg.hm-2(N1)和270kg.hm-2(N2)2个施氮水平,研究了在水氮限量供给下冬小麦... 为给华北地区冬小麦节水高产高效栽培提供理论依据,选用当地两个主栽冬小麦品种济麦22和石麦15为材料,在大田春灌一水(W1)和春灌二水(W2)2个灌水条件下均设置192kg.hm-2(N1)和270kg.hm-2(N2)2个施氮水平,研究了在水氮限量供给下冬小麦氮素吸收利用特征。结果表明:(1)在W1水平下,济麦22籽粒产量N1与N2处理无显著差异,石麦15籽粒产量N1处理显著高于N2处理;在W2水平下,两个小麦品种均以N1处理籽粒产量最高;在相同施氮水平下,两个小麦品种籽粒产量均以W2处理最高;在不同水氮处理下,济麦22籽粒产量高于石麦15。(2)在相同灌溉水平下,两品种氮素利用效率和氮肥生产效率均以N1处理较高;在相同施氮水平下,两个品种氮素利用效率和氮肥生产效率均以W2处理较高;在不同水氮处理下,济麦22氮素利用效率和氮肥生产效率高于石麦15。(3)在相同灌溉水平下,两小麦品种花后氮素积累量和分配比例均以N1处理最高;在相同施氮水平下,两小麦品种花后氮素积累量和分配比例均以W2处理最高。在不同水氮处理下,石麦15花后氮素积累量和分配比例高于济麦22。(4)方差分析表明,灌溉、品种、氮肥以及氮肥与品种、灌溉与氮肥的互作对籽粒产量影响均达显著水平,其中灌溉效应起主导作用。综合分析认为,两个小麦品种在限量供水(W2水平)、适量供氮(N1)处理下可以协调促进花后氮素积累、分配和有效转运,获得高产、高氮素利用效率和高氮肥生产效率。 展开更多
关键词 小麦品种 水氮限制 素积累 素分配 素转运 素利用
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水氮限量供给下两个高产小麦品种物质积累与水分利用特征 被引量:17
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作者 臧贺藏 刘云鹏 +2 位作者 余鹏 张英华 王志敏 《麦类作物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第4期689-695,共7页
为给小麦节水高产高效栽培提供科学依据,以主栽小麦品种济麦22和石麦15为材料,在大田条件下,设置2个灌水水平[春灌一水(W1)和春灌二水(W2)],在每个灌水水平下设置2个施氮量处理[192kg.hm-2(N1)和270kg.hm-2(N2)],探讨了有限水氮供给条... 为给小麦节水高产高效栽培提供科学依据,以主栽小麦品种济麦22和石麦15为材料,在大田条件下,设置2个灌水水平[春灌一水(W1)和春灌二水(W2)],在每个灌水水平下设置2个施氮量处理[192kg.hm-2(N1)和270kg.hm-2(N2)],探讨了有限水氮供给条件下两品种的干物质生产与水分利用特征。结果表明:(1)在W1水平下,济麦22的N1与N2处理籽粒产量和水分利用效率无显著差异,石麦15的N1处理籽粒产量和水分利用效率显著高于N2处理;在W2水平下,两品种籽粒产量和水分利用效率均以N1处理较高;在相同施氮水平下,两品种籽粒产量和水分利用效率均以W2处理较高;在不同水氮处理下,济麦22籽粒产量和水分利用效率高于石麦15。(2)在相同灌溉水平下,两品种花后物质积累量和分配比例均以N1处理高于N2处理;在相同施氮水平下,两品种花后物质积累量和分配比例均以W2处理高于W1处理;2个品种比较,石麦15花后物质积累量和分配比例高于济麦22,而济麦22花前物质积累量及其对产量的贡献率高于石麦15。(3)在不同水氮处理下,济麦22总耗水量、土壤贮水消耗量及花后耗水比例均大于石麦15。综合上述结果认为,两小麦品种在W2N1水氮组合下可实现高产与水分高效利用的协调统一。 展开更多
关键词 小麦 品种 水氮限制 干物质积累与分配 分利用 籽粒产量
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The integration of nitrogen dynamics into a land surface model. Part 1: model description and site-scale validation 被引量:2
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作者 YANG Xiujing DAN Li +5 位作者 YANG Fuqiang PENG Jing LI Yueyue GAO Dongdong JI Jinjun HUANG Mei 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 CSCD 2019年第1期50-57,共8页
Nitrogen cycling has profound effects on carbon uptake in the terrestrial ecosystem and the response of the biosphere to climate changes.However,nutrient cycling is not taken into account in most land surface models f... Nitrogen cycling has profound effects on carbon uptake in the terrestrial ecosystem and the response of the biosphere to climate changes.However,nutrient cycling is not taken into account in most land surface models for climate change.In this study,a nitrogen model,based on nitrogen transformation processes and nitrogen fluxes exchange between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystem,was incorporated into the Atmosphere–Vegetation Interaction Model(AVIM)to simulate the carbon cycle under nitrogen limitation.This new model,AVIM-CN,was evaluated against site-scale eddy covariance–based measurements of an alpine meadow located at Damxung station from the FLUXNET 2015 dataset.Results showed that the annual mean gross primary production simulated by AVIM-CN(0.7073 gC m^-2 d^-1)was in better agreement with the corresponding flux data(0.5407 gC m^-2 d^-1)than the original AVIM(1.1403 gC m^-2 d^-1)at Damxung station.Similarly,ecosystem respiration was also down-regulated,from 1.7695 gC m^-2 d^-1 to 1.0572 gC m^-2 d^-1,after the nitrogen processes were introduced,and the latter was closer to the observed vales(0.8034 gC m^-2 d^-1).Overall,the new results were more consistent with the daily time series of carbon and energy fluxes of observations compared to the former version without nitrogen dynamics.A model that does not incorporate the limitation effects of nitrogen nutrient availability will probably overestimate carbon fluxes by about 40%. 展开更多
关键词 Coupled carbon and nitrogen dynamics nitrogen limitation land surface model carbon–nitrogen–water cycles
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Improvement of predicting ecosystem productivity by modifying carbon-water-nitrogen coupling processes in a temperate grassland
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作者 Kaili Cheng Zhongmin Hu +3 位作者 Shenggong Li Qun Guo Yanbin Hao Wenping Yuan 《Journal of Plant Ecology》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第1期10-21,共12页
Aims Prediction of changes in ecosystem gross primary productivity(GPP)in response to climatic variability is a core mission in the field of global change ecology.However,it remains a big challenge for the model commu... Aims Prediction of changes in ecosystem gross primary productivity(GPP)in response to climatic variability is a core mission in the field of global change ecology.However,it remains a big challenge for the model community to reproduce the interannual variation(IAV)of GPP in arid ecosystems.Accurate estimates of soil water content(SWC)and GPP sensitivity to SWC are the two most critical aspects for predicting the IAV of GPP in arid ecosystems.Methods We took a widely used model Biome-BGC as an example,to improve the model performances in a temperate grassland ecosystem.Firstly,we updated the estimation of SWC by modifying modules of evapotrainspiration,SWC vertical profile and field capacity.Secondly,we modified the function of controlling water-nitrogen relation,which regulates the GPP-SWC sensitivity.Important Findings The original Biome-BGC overestimated the SWC and underestimated the IAV of GPP sensitivity,resulting in lower IAV of GPP than the observations,e.g.it largely underestimated the reduction of GPP in drought years.In comparison,the modified model accurately reproduced the observed seasonal and IAVs in SWC,especially in the surface layer.Simulated GPP-SWC sensitivity was also enhanced and became closer to the observations by optimizing parameter controlling nitrogen mineralization.Consequently,the model's capability of reproducing IAV of GPP has been largely improved by the modifications.Our results demonstrate that SWC in the surface layer and the consequent effects on nitrogen availability should be among the first considerations for accurate modeling IAV of GPP in arid ecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 gross primary productivity ecosystem model soil water content nitrogen constraint sensitivity grassland ecosystem
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