应用ArcGIS Engine10.1开发工具包,在Visual Studio 2010开发环境下,完成了流域水生态功能管理区决策支持系统的设计与开发。该系统将流域水生态功能管理区划分成联合管理、独立管理和委托管理等子单元;并通过对子单元的水生态系统健康...应用ArcGIS Engine10.1开发工具包,在Visual Studio 2010开发环境下,完成了流域水生态功能管理区决策支持系统的设计与开发。该系统将流域水生态功能管理区划分成联合管理、独立管理和委托管理等子单元;并通过对子单元的水生态系统健康进行评价,将子单元的水生态系统受损程度分为好、中、差3类,以差异化的水环境管理方法为流域水生态功能管理决策和实施提供支持,有助于流域管理主体建立基于水生态功能的水质目标管理体系。展开更多
Based on the analysis of the multiple ecological functions of green roofs, the main factors affecting the ecological functions of green roofs are expounded and the numerical simulation methods for quantitative calcula...Based on the analysis of the multiple ecological functions of green roofs, the main factors affecting the ecological functions of green roofs are expounded and the numerical simulation methods for quantitative calculation of ecological functions of green roofs are summarized in order to provide theoretical and method support for the construction of urban green roofs.展开更多
The Mesta-Nestos river basin in Bulgaria and Greece is a case study for transboundary decision-making support in south-eastern Europe and a show-case for the development of methodologies and information-gathering for ...The Mesta-Nestos river basin in Bulgaria and Greece is a case study for transboundary decision-making support in south-eastern Europe and a show-case for the development of methodologies and information-gathering for the integrated regional planning of water resources. Land-use conflicts in this water-scarce region cover a wide spectrum of activities like agricultural irrigation, drinking water production, diversions for industrial water, and risk of pollution from mining, to name a few examples. Measurements of the water quality were carried out in the upper basin. Results will be illustrated by the example of the environmental situation in the alpine region of the Pirin National Park as well as in the Razlog Basin with a stronger anthropogenic impact and pollution around a former uranium mine near the village of Elesnica. The social and economic development of this transboundary region is a recently established priority for mean an increase in water usage the water resources if regional the future. It will and more stress for impacts of global climate change are verified. Problem-focused management of the catchment area as a whole on the basis of proved geo-data sets is needed for the future.展开更多
The mineral fertilizers (NPK) and pesticide, including herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, were applied alone or in combination and the soil sampling was done at different growth stages during the crop cycle to s...The mineral fertilizers (NPK) and pesticide, including herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, were applied alone or in combination and the soil sampling was done at different growth stages during the crop cycle to study the changes in soil organic matter, microbial biomass and their activity parameters in a paddy soil with different nutrient and pest management practices in a hybrid rice double-cropping system. A consistent increase in the electron transport system (ETS) activity was measured during the different crop growth stages of rice. The use of fertilizers (NPK) alone or with pesticides increased ETS activity, while a decline of ETS activity was noticed with pesticides alone as compared with the control. Nearly an increasing trend in soil phenol content was observed with the progression of crop growth stages, while the usage of pesticides alone caused maximum increments in the soil phenol content. The soil protein content was found nearly stable with fertilizers and/or pesticides application at various growth stages in both crops taken. But notable changes were noticed at different growth stages probably because of fluctuations in moisture and temperature at particular stages, which might have their effects on N mineralization. Marked depletions in the phospholipid content were found with the advancement of crop growth stages, while the incorporation of fertilizers and/or pesticides also produced slight changes, in which a higher decline was noticed with pesticide application alone compared with the control.展开更多
Despite the endemic drought, arid climate and associated limited freshwater resources, as well as difficult geopolitical realities, Israel can provide a reliable supply of high quality water to a rapidly growing popul...Despite the endemic drought, arid climate and associated limited freshwater resources, as well as difficult geopolitical realities, Israel can provide a reliable supply of high quality water to a rapidly growing population. The achievements of water supply in Israel can be summarized as water technologies (like water transportation and purification, desalination, wastewater treatment, effluent reuse, storm water catchment, control systems, rain enhancement and drip irrigation, etc.), water management and legislation as well as water industry. In view of the national concern regarding the quality and quantity of the water, the skills, technologies and know-how that Israel has accumulated in water supply and irrigation can give us enlightenment that is also presented in this paper.展开更多
The Taihu Lake,a large shallow lake in the floodplain of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River in the eastern China,is faced with challenging ecological problems resulting from eutrophication,which has affected the regional f...The Taihu Lake,a large shallow lake in the floodplain of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River in the eastern China,is faced with challenging ecological problems resulting from eutrophication,which has affected the regional freshwater supply of a large population.Although efforts have been made to assess the nutrient evolution histories in the northern bays,little is known regarding nutrient histories in different parts across the entire lake basin.In this paper,we present nutrient histories for different parts of the lake based on chironomid transfer functions applied to four short cores obtained from the northern,western and eastern regions of the lake.The chironomid-inferred total phosphorus(CI-TP) concentrations were compared with the phosphorus concentrations obtained by using instrumental and sedimentary data.The results suggest that trophic evolution histories were asynchronous throughout the lake during the past decades in response to different ecological regimes controlled by the nutrient input,wind direction and shoreline topography.The restoration of aquatic plants may be an effective option for the management of lake rehabilitation to ′natural′ conditions.Given the multiple factors controlling the biotic communities in such a large and complex lake,combined analyses among the multi-proxies encountered in the sediments are necessary for comprehensive insight into paleolimnological studies.The spatial heterogeneity in the ecological trajectories within this complicated ecosystem suggests that different management practices should be undertaken for specific lake zones in the Taihu Lake.展开更多
Environmental concerns associated with nutrient-oriented eutrophication phenomenon have become a serious issue and a major cause of water quality deficiency nowadays. This necessitated eutrophication to occupy a front...Environmental concerns associated with nutrient-oriented eutrophication phenomenon have become a serious issue and a major cause of water quality deficiency nowadays. This necessitated eutrophication to occupy a front seat in research accompanied with climate change. Climate change has revealed to be a key player and a main contributor in the occurrence of such phenomenon. This paper discusses the ever-growing concern about eutrophication as a cause of climate change. Climate change affects storms intensity, changing the precipitation regime and increasing temperature. These effects increase the nutrient loading diffusion and cause excessive nutrients accompanied with storm water runoff, domestic wastewaters, and agricultural discharges to pour into water bodies. Eutrophication conversely contributes in the global wanning by releasing greenhouse gases from deoxygenated waters and sediments. Some control and mitigation measures are needed to fight climate change and achieve desired water quality goals. These measures include mitigation of climate change causes, enhancement of natural ecohydrological processes, application of proper integrated water resource management and participation of communities and governments.展开更多
文摘应用ArcGIS Engine10.1开发工具包,在Visual Studio 2010开发环境下,完成了流域水生态功能管理区决策支持系统的设计与开发。该系统将流域水生态功能管理区划分成联合管理、独立管理和委托管理等子单元;并通过对子单元的水生态系统健康进行评价,将子单元的水生态系统受损程度分为好、中、差3类,以差异化的水环境管理方法为流域水生态功能管理决策和实施提供支持,有助于流域管理主体建立基于水生态功能的水质目标管理体系。
文摘Based on the analysis of the multiple ecological functions of green roofs, the main factors affecting the ecological functions of green roofs are expounded and the numerical simulation methods for quantitative calculation of ecological functions of green roofs are summarized in order to provide theoretical and method support for the construction of urban green roofs.
文摘The Mesta-Nestos river basin in Bulgaria and Greece is a case study for transboundary decision-making support in south-eastern Europe and a show-case for the development of methodologies and information-gathering for the integrated regional planning of water resources. Land-use conflicts in this water-scarce region cover a wide spectrum of activities like agricultural irrigation, drinking water production, diversions for industrial water, and risk of pollution from mining, to name a few examples. Measurements of the water quality were carried out in the upper basin. Results will be illustrated by the example of the environmental situation in the alpine region of the Pirin National Park as well as in the Razlog Basin with a stronger anthropogenic impact and pollution around a former uranium mine near the village of Elesnica. The social and economic development of this transboundary region is a recently established priority for mean an increase in water usage the water resources if regional the future. It will and more stress for impacts of global climate change are verified. Problem-focused management of the catchment area as a whole on the basis of proved geo-data sets is needed for the future.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39970146) the Interna- tional Rice Research Institute (IRRI) under project of Reversing Trends of Declining Productivity (RTDP).
文摘The mineral fertilizers (NPK) and pesticide, including herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, were applied alone or in combination and the soil sampling was done at different growth stages during the crop cycle to study the changes in soil organic matter, microbial biomass and their activity parameters in a paddy soil with different nutrient and pest management practices in a hybrid rice double-cropping system. A consistent increase in the electron transport system (ETS) activity was measured during the different crop growth stages of rice. The use of fertilizers (NPK) alone or with pesticides increased ETS activity, while a decline of ETS activity was noticed with pesticides alone as compared with the control. Nearly an increasing trend in soil phenol content was observed with the progression of crop growth stages, while the usage of pesticides alone caused maximum increments in the soil phenol content. The soil protein content was found nearly stable with fertilizers and/or pesticides application at various growth stages in both crops taken. But notable changes were noticed at different growth stages probably because of fluctuations in moisture and temperature at particular stages, which might have their effects on N mineralization. Marked depletions in the phospholipid content were found with the advancement of crop growth stages, while the incorporation of fertilizers and/or pesticides also produced slight changes, in which a higher decline was noticed with pesticide application alone compared with the control.
基金sponsored by China Scholarship Council (Grant No. LJC [2007]3020)Scholarship Fund granted by the Board of Directors of Igud Yotzei Sin in Israel and Israel-China Friendship Society
文摘Despite the endemic drought, arid climate and associated limited freshwater resources, as well as difficult geopolitical realities, Israel can provide a reliable supply of high quality water to a rapidly growing population. The achievements of water supply in Israel can be summarized as water technologies (like water transportation and purification, desalination, wastewater treatment, effluent reuse, storm water catchment, control systems, rain enhancement and drip irrigation, etc.), water management and legislation as well as water industry. In view of the national concern regarding the quality and quantity of the water, the skills, technologies and know-how that Israel has accumulated in water supply and irrigation can give us enlightenment that is also presented in this paper.
基金Under the auspices of National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB9561002008CB418103)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41072267)
文摘The Taihu Lake,a large shallow lake in the floodplain of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River in the eastern China,is faced with challenging ecological problems resulting from eutrophication,which has affected the regional freshwater supply of a large population.Although efforts have been made to assess the nutrient evolution histories in the northern bays,little is known regarding nutrient histories in different parts across the entire lake basin.In this paper,we present nutrient histories for different parts of the lake based on chironomid transfer functions applied to four short cores obtained from the northern,western and eastern regions of the lake.The chironomid-inferred total phosphorus(CI-TP) concentrations were compared with the phosphorus concentrations obtained by using instrumental and sedimentary data.The results suggest that trophic evolution histories were asynchronous throughout the lake during the past decades in response to different ecological regimes controlled by the nutrient input,wind direction and shoreline topography.The restoration of aquatic plants may be an effective option for the management of lake rehabilitation to ′natural′ conditions.Given the multiple factors controlling the biotic communities in such a large and complex lake,combined analyses among the multi-proxies encountered in the sediments are necessary for comprehensive insight into paleolimnological studies.The spatial heterogeneity in the ecological trajectories within this complicated ecosystem suggests that different management practices should be undertaken for specific lake zones in the Taihu Lake.
文摘Environmental concerns associated with nutrient-oriented eutrophication phenomenon have become a serious issue and a major cause of water quality deficiency nowadays. This necessitated eutrophication to occupy a front seat in research accompanied with climate change. Climate change has revealed to be a key player and a main contributor in the occurrence of such phenomenon. This paper discusses the ever-growing concern about eutrophication as a cause of climate change. Climate change affects storms intensity, changing the precipitation regime and increasing temperature. These effects increase the nutrient loading diffusion and cause excessive nutrients accompanied with storm water runoff, domestic wastewaters, and agricultural discharges to pour into water bodies. Eutrophication conversely contributes in the global wanning by releasing greenhouse gases from deoxygenated waters and sediments. Some control and mitigation measures are needed to fight climate change and achieve desired water quality goals. These measures include mitigation of climate change causes, enhancement of natural ecohydrological processes, application of proper integrated water resource management and participation of communities and governments.
