促进新能源开发的“水储能”技术经济分析

在双碳目标驱动下,风能与太阳能等新能源发电迅猛发展,解决其随机性、间歇性和波动性问题,亟需配套建设储能设施。本文将“以水为介质”的重力储能定义为“水储能”,并从技术原理、经济性、环境影响和设施安全等方面,对当前主要储能形式进行综合比较,研究表明“水储能”是当前和未来支撑新能源发展和新型电力系统构建的最佳储能方式。同时,本文还对抽水蓄能、水电扩机和梯级水电储能的规划思路、调节计算、评价方法和发展模式等关键技术及相关政策进行探索,展望其发展前景,可为新能源开发和新型电力系统规划设计提供参考。

多能互补清洁能源基地模型构建与容量优化配置研究

针对风电、光电、水电站、抽水蓄能电站组成的多能互补清洁能源基地,形成水电与抽水蓄能两类储能单元并构建调度运行模型。模型模拟了多能互补清洁能源基地系统利用水电储能与抽水蓄能调节风光自然出力,并满足目标负荷的过程,同时提出基地供电出力指标。以西北某清洁能源基地为例展开应用,装机容量配置结果显示,弃电率越小光电越小,风电和抽水蓄能装机容量呈增大趋势。通过弃电率与投资的关系确定了基地风电、光电、水电、抽水蓄能最优装机容量比例为1.37∶4.52∶1.00∶1.69。

新型电力系统中中“水储能”的定位与发展前景

在“双碳”目标下,构建新型电力系统对电力储能提出了新的更高要求,本文将“以水为介质”的重力储能形式统一定义为“水储能”,包括抽水蓄能以及提高常规水电站调节能力进行的水电扩机和梯级水电储能。本文从顶层规划上系统梳理新型电力系统对储能调节电源的需求,分析了当前电力储能的各种形式及特点,重点研究了储能行业两大头部品种抽水蓄能和电化学储能的现状和发展,从服务功能和经济性角度分析了抽水蓄能、水电扩机和梯级水电储能的特点,认为即使面在当前电化学储能成本快速下降的情况,“水储能”仍具有较大技术经济优势。本文还提出了抽水蓄能开发和水电扩机、梯级水电储能发展的几点思考,期望与同行交流,共同促进行业有序健康发展。

Flow Past an Accumulator Unit of an Underwater Energy Storage System： Three Touching Balloons in a Floral Configuration

An LES simulation of flow over an accumulator unit of an underwater compressed air energy storage facility was conducted. The accumulator unit consists of three touching underwater balloons arranged in a floral configuration. The structure of the flow was examined via three dimensional iso surfaces of the Q criterion. Vortical cores were observed on the leeward surface of the balloons. The swirling tube flows generated by these vortical cores were depicted through three dimensional path lines. The flow dynamics were visualized via time series snapshots of two dimensional vorticity contours perpendicular to the flow direction; revealing the turbulent swinging motions of the aforementioned shedding-swirling tube flows. The time history of the hydrodynamic loading was presented in terms of lift and drag coefficients. Drag coefficient of each individual balloon in the floral configuration was smaller than that of a single balloon. It was found that the total drag coefficient of the floral unit of three touching balloons, i.e. summation of the drag coefficients of the balloons, is not too much larger than that of a single balloon whereas it provides three times the storage capacity. In addition to its practical significance in designing appropriate foundation and supports, the instantaneous hydrodynamic loading was used to determine the frequency of the turbulent swirling-swinging motions of the shedding vortex tubes; the Strouhal number was found to be larger than that of a single sphere at the same Reynolds number.

Energy Storage System with Ultracapacitors for Thermal Underwater Glider

A power system with proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was designed for thermal underwater glider.Heat generated by PEMFC is used as the propulsion power of the glider,and the electricity is used in the control and sensor system.An electric energy storage system (ESS) is required which possesses high power density with good cycle life.Ultracapacitors which exhibit high power density and cycle life are considered as energy storage devices.Simulations based on a specific voyage condition indicate that ESS with ultracapacitors has positive effects on reducing the output power demand of PEMFC and lightening the power system.Experimental results show that the state of charge (SOC) is related to the capacitance and resistance in ultracapacitor ESS.