Physico-chemical and biological data on water and sediments were collected from Mandovi and Zuari Rivers of Goa along the central west coast of India from 2007 to 2008 to understand the impact of developmental activit...Physico-chemical and biological data on water and sediments were collected from Mandovi and Zuari Rivers of Goa along the central west coast of India from 2007 to 2008 to understand the impact of developmental activities on the riverine environments. Factor analysis of the data segregated over high and low tides indicated a total of 6 factors each explaining 91% of variance during high tide and 84% of variance during low tide in Mandovi River. In Zuari River, a total of 6 factors explained 83% of variance during high tide and 4 factors explained 78% of variance during low tide. Factor analyses showed the dominance of nitrite and nitrate in Mandovi and of lead and mercury in Zuari. Higher inputs of anthropogenic ammonia and phenols associated with some phosphate were found in both these rivers. Water quality index （WQI） studies showed increasing overall index of pollution （OIP） values especially in the upstream of Zuari River, suggesting slightly polluted water. Increasing developmental activities along the banks of these rivers introduce domestic and anthropogenic nutrients and trace metals in their estuarine region, which flush out to the sea as per tidal currents, which otherwise can hamper the natural environments of these two rivers.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the dynamic activity of NF-κB at the early stage of injury in mul tiple trauma patients and the protective effects of ulinastain. Methods： From January 2008 to May 2010, patients with mult...Objective： To investigate the dynamic activity of NF-κB at the early stage of injury in mul tiple trauma patients and the protective effects of ulinastain. Methods： From January 2008 to May 2010, patients with multiple traumas admitted to our emergency department were enrolled in this study. Their age varied from 20- 55 years. All enrolled patients were assigned randomly into control group （26 cases of multiple injury without ulinastain treatment）, ulinastain group （25 cases of multiple injury with ulinastain treatment）, and mild injury group （20 cases） for basic control. The inclusion criteria for mild injury group were AIS-2005 ≤ 3, single wound, previously healthy inhospital patients without the history of surgical intervention. In addition to routine treatment, patients in ulinastain group were intravenously injected 200 000 IU of ulinastain dissolved in 100 ml of normal saline within 12 hours after injury and subsequently injected at the interval of every 8 hours for 7 days. NF-κB activity in monocytes and the level of TNF- α, IL-1, IL-6 in serum on admission （day 0）, day 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 were measured. Data were compared and analyzed between different groups. Results： NF-κB activity in monocytes and TNF- α, IL-1 and IL-6 of these patients reached peak levels at 24 hour after trauma, with gradual decrease to normal at 72 hour after trauma. NF-κB activity and levels of TNF- α, IL- 1 and IL-6 were lower in ulinastain group than control one, without any significant difference between the two groups. The mean duration for systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was 7 d±3.1 d and 10 d±3.5 d in ulinastain group and control group respectively, and showed a significant difference. Conclusions： NF-κB activity in monocytes and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in multiply injured patients increased transiently at the early stage of trauma. Ulinastain may shorten the duration of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, but does not show the ability to decrease the activity of NF-κB.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the three therapies for regulating and reinforcing lung and kidney(reinforcing lung and invigorating spleen,reinforcing lung and replenishing kidney,and supp...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the three therapies for regulating and reinforcing lung and kidney(reinforcing lung and invigorating spleen,reinforcing lung and replenishing kidney,and supplementing Qi and nourishing kidney) in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on osteoporosis in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.METHODS:Totally 120 rats were randomly divided into control,model,Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,aminophyline groups.Repeated smoke inhalations and bacterial infections were used to duplicate the stable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat model.Normal saline was given to the air control and model groups,while Bufeijianpi granule,Bufeiyishen granule,and Yiqizishen granule,and aminophylline were administrated to rats in the Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,and aminophylline groups respectively from weeks 9 through 20.Another 12 weeks without medicines to observe the long-term effect.Rats were sacrificed at week 20 and week 32.Bone mass density(BMD),bone mineral content(BMC),morphology of the femoral head,lung function,and levels of serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-a were detected.RESULTS:At weeks 20 and 32,tidal volume,peak expiratory flow and expiratory flow at 50% tidal volume in the three TCM-treated groups were higher than those in the model group(P < 0.05).Femur weight,BMD,and BMC were significantly higher in the three TCM-treated groups and the aminophylline-treated group compared with the model group(P < 0.01),except for BMC in the Yiqizishen-treated group at week 20.CONCLUSION:Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,and Yiqizishen granules show good effects in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,which can alleviate airflow limitations and inflammation,improve BMD and BMC of the femur,and have favorable long-term effects.展开更多
文摘Physico-chemical and biological data on water and sediments were collected from Mandovi and Zuari Rivers of Goa along the central west coast of India from 2007 to 2008 to understand the impact of developmental activities on the riverine environments. Factor analysis of the data segregated over high and low tides indicated a total of 6 factors each explaining 91% of variance during high tide and 84% of variance during low tide in Mandovi River. In Zuari River, a total of 6 factors explained 83% of variance during high tide and 4 factors explained 78% of variance during low tide. Factor analyses showed the dominance of nitrite and nitrate in Mandovi and of lead and mercury in Zuari. Higher inputs of anthropogenic ammonia and phenols associated with some phosphate were found in both these rivers. Water quality index （WQI） studies showed increasing overall index of pollution （OIP） values especially in the upstream of Zuari River, suggesting slightly polluted water. Increasing developmental activities along the banks of these rivers introduce domestic and anthropogenic nutrients and trace metals in their estuarine region, which flush out to the sea as per tidal currents, which otherwise can hamper the natural environments of these two rivers.
文摘Objective： To investigate the dynamic activity of NF-κB at the early stage of injury in mul tiple trauma patients and the protective effects of ulinastain. Methods： From January 2008 to May 2010, patients with multiple traumas admitted to our emergency department were enrolled in this study. Their age varied from 20- 55 years. All enrolled patients were assigned randomly into control group （26 cases of multiple injury without ulinastain treatment）, ulinastain group （25 cases of multiple injury with ulinastain treatment）, and mild injury group （20 cases） for basic control. The inclusion criteria for mild injury group were AIS-2005 ≤ 3, single wound, previously healthy inhospital patients without the history of surgical intervention. In addition to routine treatment, patients in ulinastain group were intravenously injected 200 000 IU of ulinastain dissolved in 100 ml of normal saline within 12 hours after injury and subsequently injected at the interval of every 8 hours for 7 days. NF-κB activity in monocytes and the level of TNF- α, IL-1, IL-6 in serum on admission （day 0）, day 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 were measured. Data were compared and analyzed between different groups. Results： NF-κB activity in monocytes and TNF- α, IL-1 and IL-6 of these patients reached peak levels at 24 hour after trauma, with gradual decrease to normal at 72 hour after trauma. NF-κB activity and levels of TNF- α, IL- 1 and IL-6 were lower in ulinastain group than control one, without any significant difference between the two groups. The mean duration for systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was 7 d±3.1 d and 10 d±3.5 d in ulinastain group and control group respectively, and showed a significant difference. Conclusions： NF-κB activity in monocytes and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in multiply injured patients increased transiently at the early stage of trauma. Ulinastain may shorten the duration of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, but does not show the ability to decrease the activity of NF-κB.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Fund of China(Influence and Long-Term Effects of Three Tiao-Bu Fei-Shen Therapies in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Regulation of Multidimensional Molecular Network,No.81130062)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the three therapies for regulating and reinforcing lung and kidney(reinforcing lung and invigorating spleen,reinforcing lung and replenishing kidney,and supplementing Qi and nourishing kidney) in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on osteoporosis in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.METHODS:Totally 120 rats were randomly divided into control,model,Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,aminophyline groups.Repeated smoke inhalations and bacterial infections were used to duplicate the stable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat model.Normal saline was given to the air control and model groups,while Bufeijianpi granule,Bufeiyishen granule,and Yiqizishen granule,and aminophylline were administrated to rats in the Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,and aminophylline groups respectively from weeks 9 through 20.Another 12 weeks without medicines to observe the long-term effect.Rats were sacrificed at week 20 and week 32.Bone mass density(BMD),bone mineral content(BMC),morphology of the femoral head,lung function,and levels of serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-a were detected.RESULTS:At weeks 20 and 32,tidal volume,peak expiratory flow and expiratory flow at 50% tidal volume in the three TCM-treated groups were higher than those in the model group(P < 0.05).Femur weight,BMD,and BMC were significantly higher in the three TCM-treated groups and the aminophylline-treated group compared with the model group(P < 0.01),except for BMC in the Yiqizishen-treated group at week 20.CONCLUSION:Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,and Yiqizishen granules show good effects in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,which can alleviate airflow limitations and inflammation,improve BMD and BMC of the femur,and have favorable long-term effects.
