冷却水道宽度对陶瓷电主轴温升的影响研究

为了优化电主轴冷却系统,寻找环形冷却水道的最佳宽度,对170SD30-SY陶瓷电主轴实物进行了研究,以耦合传热数值计算理论为基础,利用软件ANSYS CFX对电主轴水冷系统中的流体流动和温度分布进行三维仿真计算,分析了具有环形冷却水道的电主轴冷却系统中,不同的冷却水道宽度对电主轴温度的影响。对比了水套与冷却水的温度与冷却水道宽度的关系。研究表明:冷却水入口速度一定时,随着冷却水道宽度的增加,冷却水流动走向由双向变为单向,电主轴温度先降低后升高;当水道内径为136mm时,冷却水道设计的最佳宽度为4mm。

电机壳体Z字型冷却水道设计

随着电动汽车的发展,高功率密度电机越来越成为车用电机的发展趋势,随之而来的电机散热问题也越来越受到人们的关注。轴向Z字型水路因其具有加工制造简便,成本低廉,便于实现产品的平台化、批量化生产而受到大量研究和使用。以电动汽车用52 k W永磁同步电机水道壳体为研究对象,按照水路设计的步骤,综合考虑水道的散热效果和水道的压力损失,给出了轴向Z字型水路的设计方法,具有很好的指导意义。

Typhoon-dominated Influence on Wood Debris Distribution and Transportation in a High Gradient Headwater Catchment

Wood debris is an important component of mountain streams. It causes serious damage and renders difficulty of water resource management in Taiwan. In this study, the quantity of wood debris and variation of migratory wood debris during flood events were examined. The downstream of Gaoshan Creek and Qijiawan Creek, located at Central Taiwan, was selected as the study area. The distribution and dynamic of wood debris in a high gradient headwater catchment were quantified using field surveys. A formula of critical depth for wood debris entrainment was used to evaluate the wood debris migration during three flooding events. In the study area, wood abundance and unit volume increased downstream, and wood density decreased downstream within a channel network. The channel morphology, riparian vegetation, and wood debris characteristics were found to influence the wood storage. As a result, the wood debris has an irregular accumulative distribution in the steep stream, and it migrates easily in the stream because of a high flow discharge. Strong relationships between the channel width and wood debris variables are discovered. Moreover, wood debris has a tendency to accumulate at sites with low stream power and wood debris dams, topographical notches, and unique geological structures. Our findings assist in the understanding of the effects of channel characteristics on distributions of wood debris in steep stream systems.

Effects of river width changes on flow characteristics based on flume experiment

The rapid changes in flow pattern due to varying channel widths will make significantly impact on the hydraulic structures and evolutions of open channel. To better understand the impact of varying width, a flume experiment with adjustable width and a depth-averaged two-dimension numerical model were used to analyze the variations of flow parameters. Our experimental results showed that flow velocity gradually increased with decreasing water depth in converging region, and decreased with increasing water depth in diverging zones. It was also found that the turbulence intensity laws in three directions were not agreed with the theoretical relationships proposed by Nezu and Nakagawa in 1993 in straight open channel flows. The flow in the channel with varying width may change from the supercritical flow to the subcritical flow as a function of Froude number. Our numerical simulations with different flow rates showed that most of the hydraulic jumps in diverging region were submerged jump and the degree of submergence increased with increasing flow rate in gradual channel transition. When the flow rate increased, the range of supercritical flow rapidly decreased and the flow changed from the supercritieal condition to the subcritical condition in diverging sections.

Geometry and Dynamic Forces along an Inclined Hydraulic Jump over a Rough Channel Bed

In this investigation, based on previous measurements, the geometry and dynamic forces along an inclined （angle φ, with 0^0 〈 qφ φ 8^0 ） hydraulic jump over a variation of rough and smooth channel beds, are examined and compared among them. The roughness is produced through transverse strips （of square cross section） covering the entire channel width and at various normal distributions along the channel. Froude numbers are varying up to 18.5 and conjugate depths＇ ratios up to 18.4. The water free surface profiles, the conjugate depths＇ ratios, the jumps＇ dimensionless lengths are examined and a prediction of exercised forces, in dimensionless terms, is also presented. The results and especially the latter force prediction may help the hydraulic and structural engineers when dealing with such hydraulic jumps.

Impact of the Yalong-Yellow River water transfer project on the eco-environment in Yalong River basin

The planning Yalong-River water transfer project will transfer 5.65 billion cubic meters water from the Yalong River into the Yellow River per year.The Yalong River will be dramatically impacted hydrologically and ecologically because more than 60% of the runoff will be diverted.An ecohydrological model was used to evaluate the impacts of the project on river corridor and wetland in this study.Schizothorax is a typical plateau river species and was used as the indicator species for assessment of the impact of water transfer project.The model simulated the habitat area of Schizothorax in the reach between the Reba Dam and the Ganzi Hydrology Station on the Yalong River.The Reba Dam,A'an Dam and Renda Dam will be constructed in the Yalong River for enhancing the water level for water diversion into the Yellow River.The velocity,channel width,runoff,and water depth will be reduced due to the water transfer,especially during flood season.The reduction in the velocity,channel width,runoff and water depth will occur mainly in the reach near the three dams and the reduction will be reduced to a minimum level in a distance about 100 km downstream of the dams.The maximum net water loss of Kasha Lake is only 1197200 m3,only 0.3% of runoff flowing into the lake.The project cannot bring adverse effect on the lake.The habitat area of Schizothorax in the Yalong River might be reduced if the water was transferred from the Reba Dam.The habitat area of this species will be reduced more than 40%.