This paper puts forward a rigorous approach for a sensitivity analysis of stochastic user equilibrium with the elastic demand （SUEED） model. First, proof is given for the existence of derivatives of output variables...This paper puts forward a rigorous approach for a sensitivity analysis of stochastic user equilibrium with the elastic demand （SUEED） model. First, proof is given for the existence of derivatives of output variables with respect to the perturbation parameters for the SUEED model. Then by taking advantage of the gradient-based method for sensitivity analysis of a general nonlinear program, detailed formulae are developed for calculating the derivatives of designed variables with respect to perturbation parameters at the equilibrium state of the SUEED model. This method is not only applicable for a sensitivity analysis of the logit-type SUEED problem, but also for the probit-type SUEED problem. The application of the proposed method in a numerical example shows that the proposed method can be used to approximate the equilibrium link flow solutions for both logit-type SUEED and probit-type SUEED problems when small perturbations are introduced in the input parameters.展开更多
An improved network flow algorithm, which includes the minimum cost network flow and the same period network flow, is proposed to solve the optimization of cascaded hydroelectric power plants in a competitive electric...An improved network flow algorithm, which includes the minimum cost network flow and the same period network flow, is proposed to solve the optimization of cascaded hydroelectric power plants in a competitive electricity market. The typical network flow is used to find the feasible flow and add the discharge water to different cascaded hydroelectric power plants at the same step. The same period network flow is used to find the optimal flow and add the power output at a different step. This new algorithm retains the advantages of the typical network flow, such as simplicity and ease of realization. The result of the case analysis indicates that the new algorithm can achieve high calculation precision and can be used to calculate the optimal operation of cascaded hydroelectric power plants.展开更多
This article is concerned with the numerical investigation of one-dimensional population balance models for batch crystallization process with fines dissolution.In batch crystallization,dissolution of smaller unwanted...This article is concerned with the numerical investigation of one-dimensional population balance models for batch crystallization process with fines dissolution.In batch crystallization,dissolution of smaller unwanted nuclei below some critical size is of vital importance as it improves the quality of product.The crystal growth rates for both size-independent and size-dependent cases are considered.A delay in recycle pipe is also included in the model.The space–time conservation element and solution element method,originally derived for non-reacting flows,is used to solve the model.This scheme has already been applied to a range of PDEs,mainly in the area of fluid mechanics.The numerical results are compared with those obtained from the Koren scheme,showing that the proposed scheme is more efficient.展开更多
Several fractionally spaced equalizers(FSE) which could be used in 60 GHz systems are presented in this paper. For 60 GHz systems, low-power equalization algorithms are favorable. We focus on FSE in both time domain(T...Several fractionally spaced equalizers(FSE) which could be used in 60 GHz systems are presented in this paper. For 60 GHz systems, low-power equalization algorithms are favorable. We focus on FSE in both time domain(TD) and frequency domain(FD) in order to meet different complexity requirements of 60 GHz systems. Compared with symbol spaced equalizer(SSE), FSE can relax the requirement of sampling synchronization hardware significantly. Extensive simulation results show that our equalization algorithms not only eliminate ISI efficiently, but are also robust to timing synchronization errors.展开更多
In a manufacturing industry, mixed model assembly line(MMAL) is preferred in order to meet the variety in product demand. MMAL balancing helps in assembling products with similar characteristics in a random fashion. T...In a manufacturing industry, mixed model assembly line(MMAL) is preferred in order to meet the variety in product demand. MMAL balancing helps in assembling products with similar characteristics in a random fashion. The objective of this work aims in reducing the number of workstations, work load index between stations and within each station. As manual contribution of workers in final assembly line is more, ergonomics is taken as an additional objective function. Ergonomic risk level of a workstation is evaluated using a parameter called accumulated risk posture(ARP), which is calculated using rapid upper limb assessment(RULA) check sheet. This work is based on the case study of an MMAL problem in Rane(Madras) Ltd.(India), in which a problem based genetic algorithm(GA) has been proposed to minimize the mentioned objectives. The working of the genetic operators such as selection, crossover and mutation has been modified with respect to the addressed MMAL problem. The results show that there is a significant impact over productivity and the process time of the final assembled product, i.e., the rate of production is increased by 39.5% and the assembly time for one particular model is reduced to 13 min from existing 18 min. Also, the space required using the proposed assembly line is only 200 m2 against existing 350 m2. Further, the algorithm helps in reducing workers fatigue(i.e., ergonomic friendly).展开更多
A detailed investigation of a thermodynamic process in a structured packing distillation column is of great impor- tance in prediction of process efficiency. In order to keep the simplicity of an equilibrium stage mod...A detailed investigation of a thermodynamic process in a structured packing distillation column is of great impor- tance in prediction of process efficiency. In order to keep the simplicity of an equilibrium stage model and the accu- racy of a non-equilibrium stage model, a hybrid model is developed to predict the structured packing column in cryogenic air separation. A general solution process for the equilibrium stage model is developed to solve the set of equations of the hybrid model, in which a separation efficiency function is introduced to obtain the resulting tri-diagonal matrix and its solution by the Thomas algorithm. As an example, the algorithm is applied to analyze an upper column of a cryogenic air separation plant with the capacity of 17000 m3·h-1. Rigorous simulations are conducted using Aspen RATEFRAC module to validate the approach. The temperature and composition distributions are in a good agreement with the two methods. The effects of inlet/outlet position and flow rate on the temperature and composition distributions in the column are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model and the solution algorithms are effective in analvzin~ the distillation process for a a cryogenic structured packing column.展开更多
As the population ages and family miniaturization trend intensified, pension agency demand for service personnel increased significantly, while the supply of human resources is inadequate. This article is based on the...As the population ages and family miniaturization trend intensified, pension agency demand for service personnel increased significantly, while the supply of human resources is inadequate. This article is based on the present situation of the imbalance between supply and demand of human resources, analysis of causes of the contradiction between them. Then put forward some suggestions on this basis, such as increase government financial input, build a professional medical personnel training system, develop volunteers and improve employees＇ rights protection mechanism.展开更多
基金The Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduates in Jiangsu Province(No.CXLX13_110)the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51408253)the Young Scientists Fund of Huaiyin Institute of Technology(No.491713328)
文摘This paper puts forward a rigorous approach for a sensitivity analysis of stochastic user equilibrium with the elastic demand （SUEED） model. First, proof is given for the existence of derivatives of output variables with respect to the perturbation parameters for the SUEED model. Then by taking advantage of the gradient-based method for sensitivity analysis of a general nonlinear program, detailed formulae are developed for calculating the derivatives of designed variables with respect to perturbation parameters at the equilibrium state of the SUEED model. This method is not only applicable for a sensitivity analysis of the logit-type SUEED problem, but also for the probit-type SUEED problem. The application of the proposed method in a numerical example shows that the proposed method can be used to approximate the equilibrium link flow solutions for both logit-type SUEED and probit-type SUEED problems when small perturbations are introduced in the input parameters.
文摘An improved network flow algorithm, which includes the minimum cost network flow and the same period network flow, is proposed to solve the optimization of cascaded hydroelectric power plants in a competitive electricity market. The typical network flow is used to find the feasible flow and add the discharge water to different cascaded hydroelectric power plants at the same step. The same period network flow is used to find the optimal flow and add the power output at a different step. This new algorithm retains the advantages of the typical network flow, such as simplicity and ease of realization. The result of the case analysis indicates that the new algorithm can achieve high calculation precision and can be used to calculate the optimal operation of cascaded hydroelectric power plants.
文摘This article is concerned with the numerical investigation of one-dimensional population balance models for batch crystallization process with fines dissolution.In batch crystallization,dissolution of smaller unwanted nuclei below some critical size is of vital importance as it improves the quality of product.The crystal growth rates for both size-independent and size-dependent cases are considered.A delay in recycle pipe is also included in the model.The space–time conservation element and solution element method,originally derived for non-reacting flows,is used to solve the model.This scheme has already been applied to a range of PDEs,mainly in the area of fluid mechanics.The numerical results are compared with those obtained from the Koren scheme,showing that the proposed scheme is more efficient.
基金supported in part by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2011AA010201)National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2013ZX03005010)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.61371103 and No.60902025)Key Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province of China(No.2012FZ0119 and No.2012FZ0029)
文摘Several fractionally spaced equalizers(FSE) which could be used in 60 GHz systems are presented in this paper. For 60 GHz systems, low-power equalization algorithms are favorable. We focus on FSE in both time domain(TD) and frequency domain(FD) in order to meet different complexity requirements of 60 GHz systems. Compared with symbol spaced equalizer(SSE), FSE can relax the requirement of sampling synchronization hardware significantly. Extensive simulation results show that our equalization algorithms not only eliminate ISI efficiently, but are also robust to timing synchronization errors.
基金support and help of many individuals in the SASTRA University
文摘In a manufacturing industry, mixed model assembly line(MMAL) is preferred in order to meet the variety in product demand. MMAL balancing helps in assembling products with similar characteristics in a random fashion. The objective of this work aims in reducing the number of workstations, work load index between stations and within each station. As manual contribution of workers in final assembly line is more, ergonomics is taken as an additional objective function. Ergonomic risk level of a workstation is evaluated using a parameter called accumulated risk posture(ARP), which is calculated using rapid upper limb assessment(RULA) check sheet. This work is based on the case study of an MMAL problem in Rane(Madras) Ltd.(India), in which a problem based genetic algorithm(GA) has been proposed to minimize the mentioned objectives. The working of the genetic operators such as selection, crossover and mutation has been modified with respect to the addressed MMAL problem. The results show that there is a significant impact over productivity and the process time of the final assembled product, i.e., the rate of production is increased by 39.5% and the assembly time for one particular model is reduced to 13 min from existing 18 min. Also, the space required using the proposed assembly line is only 200 m2 against existing 350 m2. Further, the algorithm helps in reducing workers fatigue(i.e., ergonomic friendly).
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2011CB706501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51276157)
文摘A detailed investigation of a thermodynamic process in a structured packing distillation column is of great impor- tance in prediction of process efficiency. In order to keep the simplicity of an equilibrium stage model and the accu- racy of a non-equilibrium stage model, a hybrid model is developed to predict the structured packing column in cryogenic air separation. A general solution process for the equilibrium stage model is developed to solve the set of equations of the hybrid model, in which a separation efficiency function is introduced to obtain the resulting tri-diagonal matrix and its solution by the Thomas algorithm. As an example, the algorithm is applied to analyze an upper column of a cryogenic air separation plant with the capacity of 17000 m3·h-1. Rigorous simulations are conducted using Aspen RATEFRAC module to validate the approach. The temperature and composition distributions are in a good agreement with the two methods. The effects of inlet/outlet position and flow rate on the temperature and composition distributions in the column are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model and the solution algorithms are effective in analvzin~ the distillation process for a a cryogenic structured packing column.
文摘As the population ages and family miniaturization trend intensified, pension agency demand for service personnel increased significantly, while the supply of human resources is inadequate. This article is based on the present situation of the imbalance between supply and demand of human resources, analysis of causes of the contradiction between them. Then put forward some suggestions on this basis, such as increase government financial input, build a professional medical personnel training system, develop volunteers and improve employees＇ rights protection mechanism.
