信息结构视角下中日移位句式探究

“移位”是中日语言中共有的句法现象。伴随着社会的发展,语言内部稳定的句法结构无法完全满足活跃的语用需求,随之语言内部也产生了相应的应对机制,并按照此规则对句法结构进行调整与重新排列,移位句式应运而生。本文通过中日语实例分析,认为移位句式的独特性不仅体现在句法、语用等层面,在信息结构理论框架下,其特殊编排规则在句中还可以起到主题与焦点的提示作用,而这也是此类结构产生的重要原因之一。“Dislocation” is a syntactic phenomenon common to both Chinese and Japanese languages. Along with the development of the society, the stable syntactic structure of the language can not fully meet the needs of the active language, and then the language has produced a corresponding coping mechanism, and in accordance with the rules of the syntactic structure of the adjustments and rearrangement, the dislocation construction came into being. Through the analysis of Chinese and Japanese examples, this paper argues that the uniqueness of dislocation construction is not only reflected in the syntactic and pragmatic levels, but also in the framework of the information structure theory, its special rules of arrangement in the sentence can also play the role of prompting the theme and focus, which is one of the most important reason for the emergence of this kind of structure.

汉日认知模式比较研究--以空间内外转换类和动作结果类事件的认知为例

汉日语言对相同事件的不同编码源于语言主体对客观事件认知模式的差异。在空间内外转换类事件和动作-结果类事件中,汉语对客观事件的认知呈现顺序动态扫描的特点,语言主体对前后两个空间以及动作和结果的认知相对独立,属于离散型认知模式。而日语对两客观事件的认知呈现总体静态扫描的特点,日语将起点空间和终点空间、动作和结果看成一个连续的整体,语言主体对两个空间以及动作与结果的认知相互关联,属于综合型认知模式。不同的认知模式导出不同的概念结构和语义结构,最终编码为不对称的语言形式。