The paper presents the results of research which showed the energy effects when used in foil tunnel heat accumulator. The study was conducted in two tunnels （with and without heat accumulator） and two cycles of grow...The paper presents the results of research which showed the energy effects when used in foil tunnel heat accumulator. The study was conducted in two tunnels （with and without heat accumulator） and two cycles of growing cucumbers, i.e., in the cultivation of spring and autumn. The heat accumulator is divided into three segments of varying capacity coal deposits （porphyry-type stones）. During the test crops （cucumbers） measured parameters associated with the surrounding climate, microclimate parameters inside the building and parameters of the injected and flowing out air from the accumulator have been monitored and archived by a computer system. The intensity of solar radiation, the technology of cultivation and cultivated species of plants were the same in both the tunnel with heat accumulator as well as the control object. On the basis of the balance of behavior, the heat and mass are described occurring processes related to the exchange of air during ventilation facility. The resulting effects were converted into differences in heat demand between the tunnel and the tunnel with an accumulator of heat. It was found that despite the increase ventilation in adopted arbitrary surface of the foil tunnel, the scope of changes in the amount of heat saved in one of the cultivation is in the range from 0.0015 GJ to over 1.4 GJ of heat.展开更多
A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot ...A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate the high-risk situation of enhanced greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions following organic fertilizer application in energy maize cultivation. We hypothesized that cattle slurry application enhanced CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to biogas digestate because of the overall higher carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） input, and that higher levels of CO2 and N20 emissions could be expected by increasing soil organic C （SOC） and N contents. Biogas digestate and cattle slurry, at a rate of 150 kg NH＋-N ha-1, were incorporated into 3 soil types with low, medium, and high SOC contents （Cambisol, Mollic Gleysol, and Sapric Histosol, termed Clow, Cmedium, and Chigh, respectively）. The GHG exchange （CO2, CH4, and N20） was measured on 5 replicates over a period of 22 d using the closed chamber technique. The application of cattle slurry resulted in significantly higher CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to the application of biogas digestate. No differences were observed in CH4 exchange, which was close to zero for all treatments. Significantly higher CO2 emissions were observed in Chigh compared to the other two soil types, whereas the highest N20 emissions were observed in Cmedium. Thus, the results demonstrate the importance of soil type-adapted fertilization with respect to changing soil physical and environmental conditions.展开更多
文摘The paper presents the results of research which showed the energy effects when used in foil tunnel heat accumulator. The study was conducted in two tunnels （with and without heat accumulator） and two cycles of growing cucumbers, i.e., in the cultivation of spring and autumn. The heat accumulator is divided into three segments of varying capacity coal deposits （porphyry-type stones）. During the test crops （cucumbers） measured parameters associated with the surrounding climate, microclimate parameters inside the building and parameters of the injected and flowing out air from the accumulator have been monitored and archived by a computer system. The intensity of solar radiation, the technology of cultivation and cultivated species of plants were the same in both the tunnel with heat accumulator as well as the control object. On the basis of the balance of behavior, the heat and mass are described occurring processes related to the exchange of air during ventilation facility. The resulting effects were converted into differences in heat demand between the tunnel and the tunnel with an accumulator of heat. It was found that despite the increase ventilation in adopted arbitrary surface of the foil tunnel, the scope of changes in the amount of heat saved in one of the cultivation is in the range from 0.0015 GJ to over 1.4 GJ of heat.
文摘A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate the high-risk situation of enhanced greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions following organic fertilizer application in energy maize cultivation. We hypothesized that cattle slurry application enhanced CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to biogas digestate because of the overall higher carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） input, and that higher levels of CO2 and N20 emissions could be expected by increasing soil organic C （SOC） and N contents. Biogas digestate and cattle slurry, at a rate of 150 kg NH＋-N ha-1, were incorporated into 3 soil types with low, medium, and high SOC contents （Cambisol, Mollic Gleysol, and Sapric Histosol, termed Clow, Cmedium, and Chigh, respectively）. The GHG exchange （CO2, CH4, and N20） was measured on 5 replicates over a period of 22 d using the closed chamber technique. The application of cattle slurry resulted in significantly higher CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to the application of biogas digestate. No differences were observed in CH4 exchange, which was close to zero for all treatments. Significantly higher CO2 emissions were observed in Chigh compared to the other two soil types, whereas the highest N20 emissions were observed in Cmedium. Thus, the results demonstrate the importance of soil type-adapted fertilization with respect to changing soil physical and environmental conditions.
