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术中及术后短时高浓度氧疗可减少腹部污染手术切口感染 被引量:1
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作者 王兴祥 陆文佐 +9 位作者 吴胜英 王谊生 丁玉珠 章璞 王勇 郭杰 陈冶 励雄年 俞晓村 王亚瑛 《中华综合医学杂志(河北)》 2003年第11期7-9,共3页
目的:探讨手术中、手术后短时间高浓度氧疗对腹部污染手术切口感染的影响。方法:2001年1月-2003年2月腹部污染手术181例。随机抽签分组。手术开始至术后2小时内实验组91例用防漏面罩供氧(Fio260%),对照组90倒用鼻导管供氧(Fio228%... 目的:探讨手术中、手术后短时间高浓度氧疗对腹部污染手术切口感染的影响。方法:2001年1月-2003年2月腹部污染手术181例。随机抽签分组。手术开始至术后2小时内实验组91例用防漏面罩供氧(Fio260%),对照组90倒用鼻导管供氧(Fio228%)。术后2小时切除阑尾手术外股动脉抽血测定血气分析。并测定末梢动脉血饱和度,记录有无氧中毒表现。观察切口至术后15天。切口丙级愈合为切口感染。结果:两组无氧中毒表现;术后2小时动脉血气分析,PaO2实验组为161.5±72.8mmHg,对照组为118.6±28.6mmHg(P<0.001)。术后末梢动脉血氧饱和度两组均正常。切口感染实验组5例(5.5%),对照组13例(14.4%,P<0.05)。结论:手术中、手术后短时间高浓度氧疗可减少腹部污染手术切口感染。 展开更多
关键词 高浓度氧疗 腹部手术 污染感染 手术切口 手术中 手术后
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空气污染感染与变应性鼻炎流行增加 被引量:1
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作者 顾之燕 《中华医学信息导报》 2005年第23期12-12,共1页
变应性鼻炎是常见病,根据国际耳鼻咽喉科学会联合会遍及五大洲的30多个国家的统计,其患病率约占人口的10%~40%。且患病率有逐年增加的趋势,不仅工业发达国家如此,发展中国家也是如此。因此,学者们普遍认可“全球性呼吸道变应性... 变应性鼻炎是常见病,根据国际耳鼻咽喉科学会联合会遍及五大洲的30多个国家的统计,其患病率约占人口的10%~40%。且患病率有逐年增加的趋势,不仅工业发达国家如此,发展中国家也是如此。因此,学者们普遍认可“全球性呼吸道变应性疾病流行增加”这句名言。变应性鼻炎的定义是:特应型个体(即过敏体质的人——作者注)接触致敏原后由IgE介导的介质(主要是组胺)释放,并有多种免疫活性细胞和细胞因子等参与鼻黏膜的慢性炎症反应性疾病。临床表现除主要的鼻部症状(鼻痒、喷嚏、流涕和鼻堵)、眼部症状(眼痒、分泌物和眼险肿胀等)之外,还能影响到患者的生活质量,如疲劳、头痛、睡眠困扰、工作/学习效率降低、决策能力下降等。有些病例还可发生并发症,如鼻窦炎、中耳炎和支气管哮喘等,变应性鼻炎是发展为支气管哮喘的危险因素,支气管哮喘能严重影响身体健康,病程长者可能并发肺气肿、肺心病。因此,变应性鼻炎已成为全球性健康问题。 展开更多
关键词 变应性鼻炎 污染感染 全球性健康问题 支气管哮喘 空气 免疫活性细胞 耳鼻咽喉科 发展中国家 IGE介导 发达国家
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封闭负压引流预防腹部污染切口感染20例报道 被引量:9
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作者 贾永新 张玉海 《中国现代医生》 2008年第6期160-160,共1页
目的探讨封闭负压引流方法预防腹部污染切口感染的治疗效果。方法对20例腹部污染切口患者均使用该方法治疗。结果无一例发生切口感染。结论封闭负压引流对腹部污染切口感染有较好预防效果。
关键词 负压引流 预防 污染切口感染
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甲硝唑对预防羊水污染会阴切口感染的效果观察 被引量:1
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作者 姚月媛 关葵花 黄贤好 《中国民族民间医药》 2012年第12期113-113,共1页
会阴切开是产科常施行的小手术,分娩降低或破坏了女性生殖道的防御功能和自净功能,增加病原体侵入生殖道的机会。羊水胎粪污染造成的感染,接产时不注意及时清洁切口,易引起感染而使切口裂开。为了缩短产妇会阴伤口肿胀的时间,降低... 会阴切开是产科常施行的小手术,分娩降低或破坏了女性生殖道的防御功能和自净功能,增加病原体侵入生殖道的机会。羊水胎粪污染造成的感染,接产时不注意及时清洁切口,易引起感染而使切口裂开。为了缩短产妇会阴伤口肿胀的时间,降低会阴伤口感染的发生率,本院产房对800例羊水Ⅱ~Ⅲ度污染产妇,第三产程结束后,会阴侧切口缝合前立即用甲硝唑注射液彻底冲洗尿道口、阴道壁、阴道口、切口及会阴部预防切口感染,临床效果满意,现报告如下。 展开更多
关键词 甲硝唑 预防羊水污染会阴切口感染
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低毒高效新兽药驱治羊体外寄生虫临床药效研究
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作者 赵玉康 《畜牧兽医科学(电子版)》 2021年第13期10-11,共2页
使用新型药绵肤清浇泼剂、绵舒爽注射剂和螨净对羊体外寄生虫的驱虫效果进行对比。随机挑选100只3~4岁的阿勒泰大尾羊进行1月的体表寄生虫采样,将100只羊随机分成A、B、C、D 4组,分别为空白对照组、药浴组、注射组和浇泼组,每组25只羊... 使用新型药绵肤清浇泼剂、绵舒爽注射剂和螨净对羊体外寄生虫的驱虫效果进行对比。随机挑选100只3~4岁的阿勒泰大尾羊进行1月的体表寄生虫采样,将100只羊随机分成A、B、C、D 4组,分别为空白对照组、药浴组、注射组和浇泼组,每组25只羊。采样时间为0、4、7、15、21 d这5个阶段。将采到的蜱和虱子装入干净的采集管内,带回实验室镜检。结果显示A组与B、C、D组差异显著,A组的感染率更高。B组与C、D组较显著,B组的感染率比C、D组的高。C组和D组的感染率一样,对体外寄生虫有显著的治疗效果,但C组比较麻烦,需要注射,费时且不易操作。新药D组只需要浇泼就可达到预期效果,省时省力,也不污染环境,便于操作。 展开更多
关键词 体外寄生虫 感染率:环境污染
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Lixiviation of Open-Coast Dumping Site and Pollution of Water and Soils of Edea Industrial Zone(Littoral-Cameroon)
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作者 Noa Tang Sylvie Nguene Feudoung Daniel +2 位作者 Etame Jacques Bayiga Elie Constantin Bilong Paul 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2013年第5期289-298,共10页
The nexus between water, food and energy is one of the most fundamental relationships and challenges for society. Indeed, seepage of wastes stored into dumping sites of Edea township, favor their lixiviation. Soluble ... The nexus between water, food and energy is one of the most fundamental relationships and challenges for society. Indeed, seepage of wastes stored into dumping sites of Edea township, favor their lixiviation. Soluble components of matter are slowly dissolves, drained by meteoric water and flowed into tail bay vicinity. Knowledge of trace and toxic metal concentrations in the biotic matrices is important for assessing the effects of pollutants and the risk of exposure. In this study, A1, Mn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn were quantified respectively in 33 samples of soil and water, using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry), Pb were found between 1.38-88.28 mg/L. Higher concentrations of Al were found in Alucam industrial wastes (315,502.33 mg/kg), and in Hysacam domestic wastes (54,126.93 mg/kg). Concentrations of Cd (1.955 mg/kg), Pb (469.00 mg/kg) and Zn (853.00 rng/kg) are higher in domestic wastes. The ones of Mn (696.96 mg/kg) and Cu (1,320.10 mg/kg) are higher in industrial wastes. Higher concentrations of Pb and Cu let assume that it is a risk of poisoning relative to these elements around this area. These findings illustrate that lixiviation of dumping wastes has great influence on water and soils pollutions of the study ecosystem. 展开更多
关键词 Dumping site lixiviation metallic trace elements POLLUTION chemical intoxications
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Benefits and Challenges of Urban Green Spaces
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作者 Patrick Mwendwa Richard A.Giliba 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2012年第1期73-79,共7页
The aim of this paper is to illustrate the benefits,and challenges towards providing multifunctional urban green spaces.The results are based on critical analysis of study findings from different cities in Europe,Amer... The aim of this paper is to illustrate the benefits,and challenges towards providing multifunctional urban green spaces.The results are based on critical analysis of study findings from different cities in Europe,America and to a lesser extent in Asia.Inner-city green spaces are especially important for improving air quality through uptake of pollutant gases and particulates which are responsible for respiratory infections.Due to their amenity and aesthetics,green spaces increase property value.To ensure multifunctional role of urban a green space is achieved,in particular the social and psychological role,certain standards of quantity,quality and distribution within the urban area should be adequately established.Green spaces need to be uniformly distributed throughout the city area,although each does not need to be extremely large but should be large enough to accommodate the city population. 展开更多
关键词 CHALLENGES DISTRIBUTION green spaces QUALITY quan-tity
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Identification of Cholera Source in Mariupol City
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作者 Valeriia Shavkun Alexey Kapustin 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2012年第11期1288-1291,共4页
The cases of cholera in Mariupol and adjacent areas which were observed within the period of May-August, 2011 are investigated. Thirty-two diseased and 22 vibriocarriers were found on the territory of the city in the ... The cases of cholera in Mariupol and adjacent areas which were observed within the period of May-August, 2011 are investigated. Thirty-two diseased and 22 vibriocarriers were found on the territory of the city in the course of epidemic. The potential sources of infection are specified. The ways to avoid similar situations in the future are suggested. The analysis of the locations of the cholera contamination sources results in the obvious conclusion that most of them are connected with the place where the river Kalmius meets the Azov Sea. Waste flow from the residential solid waste landfill brings a considerable harm to the river Kalmius and the Azov Sea. 展开更多
关键词 CHOLERA EPIDEMIC residential solid waste landfill Azov Sea.
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Risk of Getting Nosocomial Water-Borne Infections from the Main Water Systems in Hospitals
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作者 Leif Percival Andersen Marlene Hog Jakob Joensen 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2017年第1期1-10,共10页
Drinking water may be a risk factor for human infections if the water supply is contaminated with biofilm producing bacteria such as Legionella pneumophilae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several situations have to be con... Drinking water may be a risk factor for human infections if the water supply is contaminated with biofilm producing bacteria such as Legionella pneumophilae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several situations have to be considered when water supply to new buildings is planned. The aim of this paper is to review situations that have to be considered in new buildings and give an example on a new water supply contaminated with biofilm producing water bacteria and the precautions introduced to eliminate the contamination. When new buildings are planned it should be considered where to get the water and what is the microbiological quality of the water. If the water is contaminated there will be troubles from the beginning. The material for the pipes should be considered as biofilm which is produced in greater amounts and faster in PEG pipes than in stainless steel pipes. The choice of material depends on the expected lifetime of the building, the dimensions of the pipes, and the choice of forceps, how often the taps are used and thereby the flow in the system. The higher flow the less and slower biofilm formation. It is important to reduce the number of taps to a minimum to ovoid "dead ends" if they are not or only seldom used. Alternatively all taps could be opened automatically regularly. It is important to establish precautions to ovoid contamination of the water system in the period from when it is established until the building is taken in use. The period can be several months during which the system can act as a "dead end" if no precautions, such as regularly opening of all taps, are taken. The microbiological quality of the water in the system should be controlled before the building is taken in use. In a new building, where the water supply and the water in the building was not controlled before the building was taken in use, extremely high total and Legionella germ counts were found. The water was disinfected with low concentrations of chloride with very little effect. After disinfection with high concentrations of chloride for few hours and placing a sterile filter at the water entrance both the total and Legionella germ count decreased to an acceptable level. 展开更多
关键词 Water supply nosocomial infections water contamination Legionella spp. Pseudomonas spp.
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