以排污许可为载体的点源水污染物排放管控体系建设探讨

自排污许可改革及入河排污口监督管理职责转隶后,点源水污染物排放管控体系发生了重大变化。点源许可排放量逐步增长、点源环境管理水平逐步精细化,非点源排放的点源化管理趋势明显,凸显出了目前排污许可量未与水质目标挂钩、“受纳水体—排污口—排污通道—排污单位”的全过程监管链未打通、入河排污口与排污单位出厂界排污口的边界划分与责任联动不清晰等问题。本文认为要明晰点源排放管控与入河排污口节点之间的对应关系,衔接完善排污许可、环境影响评价、入河排污口三大点源行政许可,严格点源准入机制,构建联动衔接的点源排放监管机制,支撑建设完善点源水污染物排放管控体系。

试论废气无组织排放源强的确定及控制

废气无组织排放实质上是化工原料和产品向大气环境中的流失。根据工厂自身情况，通过扩散模式计算和类比经验公式确定了这类污染物的源强，掌握了排放规律，并通过加强生产全过程的管理和控制，力争把物料的损失降至最低，从而达到减少污染物排放的目的。

Research on Energy Consumption Evaluation Combined with Endogenous Pollutants of China Based on Entropy-Topsis

The traditional evaluation of energy consumption mostly introduces pollutants as a negative economic output into evaluating model,ignoring the configuration relationship among the energy input,pollutants as well as economic output.This paper considers the overall process of energy consumption and constructs an evaluation indication system of energy consumption level combined with endogenous pollutants based on entropytopsis method,then makes empirical research.The results show that China's energy consumption level presents a fluctuant rise in the premise of emission.Energy consumption level depends on the relationship among energy input,pollutants and economic output.The raise of energy consumption level should not increase economic output and reduce pollutant emission at the expense of environment.Finally,the whole paper puts forward the countermeasures to improve the overall level of energy consumption.

南方地区水肥调控下水稻灌区节水减污效果研究

本文以南方水稻灌区作为研究对象,将水肥调控作为研究载体,研究了不同水肥调控下稻田节水减排效果。研究表明:水稻需水量受灌溉模式影响较大,节水灌溉可显著减少稻田需水量,提高水稻产量及水分生产效率,但蓄雨模式与原有节水模式差异不显著。节水灌溉通过降低排水浓度(排水量)和渗漏水浓度(渗漏量),降低面源污染物排放负荷。通过不同施肥方式比较,3次施肥方式节水减排效果最佳。

Method of Evaluating Social Benefit of Energy-Conservation Based Generation Dispatching in Guangdong Province

Energy-conservation based generation dispatching is the revolutionary change in operation mode which could reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions, promote power industry restructuring, and achieve sustainable development. Social benefit evaluation of the energy-conservation based generation dispatching under the new situation and environment has come into being as an important theoretical issue. A new scenario analysis based social benefit evluating method, which is implemented by comparing the energy., consumption and pollutant emissions of different scenarios defined by the key indicators, i.e., load factor and coal consumption structure, is proposed in the paper. Then the composition of social benefit is analyzed from the point of the dispatching mode and the coal consumption structure. The method proposed is of clear physical meaning. It is not only practical, but also applicable for the implementation of energy-conservation based generation dispatching in diffferent phases and with different goals.

Study on the Regional Distribution of Energy Efficiency from the Point of Pollutant Emissions

In this paper, the author uses super-efficiency DEA model to measure the national and regional energy efficiency in China; using spatial econometric model and from the perspective of geo-spatial spillover, the author interprets the spatial characteristies of energy efficiency and extracts the main factors that influ- ence the regional energy efficiency. The analysis results show that： （1） the national and regional energy efficiency is consistent with inverted U-shaped curve, and the nationwide energy efficiency gap is increasing; （2） energy efficiency has the obvious effect of the spatial external effect, and when the government makes energy saving strategies, inter-regional energy cooperation and the prolif- eration of advanced production technology should be given more priority; （3） energy efficiency has significant negative correlation with government intervention, industrial structure, ownership structure, the energy consumption structure, and resource endowments, and has positive correlation with the degree of opening-up and energy price.