加味逍遥丸微生物适用性试验方法与评价

目的建立适合加味逍遥丸的需氧菌、霉菌和酵母菌及控制菌检查方法,对主要污染菌进行结果分析。方法按照2015年版《中国药典》对15家24批次的产品进行方法适用性试验,用建立的方法对15家24批次的加味逍遥丸进行微生物限度检查,细菌鉴定采用VITEK2全自动细菌鉴定系统。结果需氧菌、霉菌和酵母菌计数方法适用性中各试验菌的回收率均为0.5~2.0,在控制菌检查方法适用性试验中,大肠埃希菌检查适用性组可检出大肠埃希菌;耐胆盐革兰阴性菌检查适用性组可检出大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌;沙门菌检查适用性组可检出沙门菌。样品主要污染的微生物是葡萄球菌和其他根系微生物。结论建立加味逍遥丸的微生物限度检查方法,需氧菌总数、霉菌和酵母菌总数可用常规法进行检验,直接接种方法可用于控制菌检查。

Isolation, identification and characterization of cadmium-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain E_1

Strain E1 with resistance to 18 mmol/L cadmium （Cd）, isolated from Cd-contaminated soil was identified by morphological observation, biochemical and physiological characterization and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The resistance to heavy metals Cd, Cu, Co, Mn, Pb, Zn and 12 antibiotics was examined. The ability of removing Cd from solution was studied. The characterizations show that strain El is affiliated to Pseudomonas aeruginosa （P aeruginosa）. Strain E1 has high resistance to heavy metals and the order is found to be Cd〉Mn〉Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Co in solid media. Strain E1 also exhibits the resistance to 12 antibiotics. Both living and non-living cells of strain E1 can remove Cd from solution, and living cell has better biosorption than non-living cell.

Water and Sediment Quality Assessment of a Multipurpose Reservoir in India

Malampuzha reservoir is a multipurpose reservoir in south India. Seven water samples and four sediment samples were studied for the physico-chemical and bacteriological nature of the Malampuzha reservoir water and sediments. Bacteriological analysis indicated the microbial contamination of the reservoir and the physico-chemical characteristics indicated that the water is non potable directly. Analysis of irrigational water quality by SAR, Kelly＇s ratio and SSP indicates that the reservoir water is suitable for irrigation. Heavy metal pollution of the sediments was evaluated based on Sediment Quality Guidelines （SQG）, Pollution Load Index （PLI） and degree of contamination （Cd） of soil in four stations. Principal Component Analysis （PCA） was done to find out the possible linear combination of the original variables of trace metals. Results of PCA showed that no collinearity existed among the studied metals. However, emphasis on the monitoring of Cu and Ni should be preferred because of its alarmingly higher contamination value.

Impact of Heap Fermentation of Cocoa on Microbial Dynamics and Soil Physicochemical Parameters

The overall objective of the present study is to evaluate the impact of the heap fermentation of cocoa on microbial dynamics and physicochemical parameters of the soil. The methodology was to heap fermentation broad beans 600 cocoa pods moved to a place after the soil was taken for microbiological and physicochemical analyzes considered the control sample. In addition, cocoa lixiviate and soil were subjected to analyze. Chemical analysis of cocoa lixiviate revealed the absence of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium. It appears from the analysis of soil than clays represent on average 46.67%, 8.03% for fine silt, heavy silt 5.69%, 15.39% fine sands and heavy sands 20.02%. Microbiological analysis revealed the abundance of total coliform up to 4.6× 103 CFU/g soil. The variations of the abundance of yeasts are 0.01 × 103 CFU/g soil obtained on day 2 at 12 o＇clock to 3.5 × 103 CFU/g soil observed on day 3 to 18 pm （0-3 cm deep）. However, further study on the assessment of biodiversity after the fermentation would determine its species richness.

八珍丸的中国药典2015年版微生物学检查结果分析与评价

目的：建立八珍丸微生物限度检查方法,并对其检验结果和污染菌进行分析。方法：采用中国药典2015年版微生物限度检查法对8家10批次的产品进行方法验证试验,用建立的方法对8家30批次的八珍丸进行微生物限度检查,细菌鉴定采用VITEK2全自动微生物鉴定系统和VITEK MS全自动微生物质谱鉴定系统。结果：需氧菌总数、霉菌和酵母菌总数验证中各菌的回收率均为0.5-2.0,大肠埃希菌检查验证组可检出大肠埃希菌,耐胆盐革兰阴性菌检查验证组可检出大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌,沙门菌检查验证组可检出沙门菌。样品主要污染的微生物是芽孢杆菌和其他根系微生物。结论：建立八珍丸的中国药典2015年版微生物限度检查方法,需氧菌总数采用培养基稀释法,霉菌和酵母菌总数采用常规法,大肠埃希菌检查、耐胆盐革兰阴性菌检查和沙门菌检查都采用直接接种法。30批样品的微生物限度检查结果均符合规定,污染的主要微生物为药材原料和环境中常见的芽孢杆菌等。