The base stress of the opened bottom cylinder structure differs greatly from that of the structure with a closed bottom. By investigating the inner soil pressure on the cylinder wall and the base stress of the cylinde...The base stress of the opened bottom cylinder structure differs greatly from that of the structure with a closed bottom. By investigating the inner soil pressure on the cylinder wall and the base stress of the cylinder base, which were obtained from the model experiments, the interactions among the filler inside the cylinder, subsoil and cylinder are analyzed. The adjusting mechanism of frictional resistance between the inner filler and the wall of the cylinder during the overturning of the cylinder is discussed. Based on the experimental study, a method for calculating the base stress of the opened bottom cylinder structure is proposed. Meanwhile, the formulas for calculating the effective anti-overturning ratio of the opened bottom cylinder are derived.展开更多
Constrained by the dual mission of supporting industrial growth and reducing emissions, China＇s traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental policies unavoidably face a dilemma. Taking environmental efficien...Constrained by the dual mission of supporting industrial growth and reducing emissions, China＇s traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental policies unavoidably face a dilemma. Taking environmental efficiency as the exclusive indicator for the relationship between environmental performance and industrial development, the author calculated the environmental efficiency of China＇s industries under different pollutant disposability assumptions, while also considering environmental pollution. In addition, based on the assumption of industry heterogeneity, the author examined the non-linear relationship between China＇s environmental regulation and environmental efficiency and calculated the optimal regulation environment for industries. According to this study, when impact of undesirable outputs （pollutant emissions） is considered, environmental regulation and environmental efficiency are positively correlated, which to some degree validates the Porter Hypothesis. At present, environmental regulation has significant positive effects on clean production industries but shows a lag effect on pollution-intensive industries. The degree of environmental regulation and environmental efficiency show an ＂inverted U＂shaped relation and display three thresholds. It should be noted, however, that the relationship between regulation and efficiency may vary across industries. These findings have clear policy implications： China should adjust its traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental polices by targeting environmental efficiency. At the same time, rather than continually increasing the level of environmental regulation, the government should establish standards for individual industries that emphasize flexibility.展开更多
The project MAGPIan, funded by the European Commission under the program LIFE＋2008, aims to develop and implement an optimal strategy for integral groundwater investigation and efficient remediation of key sources of...The project MAGPIan, funded by the European Commission under the program LIFE＋2008, aims to develop and implement an optimal strategy for integral groundwater investigation and efficient remediation of key sources of pollution for the whole inner city area. The first investigations included descriptions of the complex hydro-geological system of the eight aquifers, drilling of monitoring wells and set up of the conceptual contaminant model. A conceptual contaminant model was developed to describe the status quo of the present contaminant distribution, as well as the basic processes controlling contaminant migration within the observed aquifers. This included the characterization of redox conditions and natural chlorinated hydrocarbons degradation processes, as well as age dating, forensic interpretations with respect to the contaminant origin, and determination of radioactive and stable isotopes. Further on, a numerical unsteady groundwater flow and contaminant transport model were developed, which enabled a quantitative description of the mass balance within the project area. The unsteady numerical model provided detection of migration paths in the valley of Stuttgart and identification of key sources of pollution.展开更多
文摘The base stress of the opened bottom cylinder structure differs greatly from that of the structure with a closed bottom. By investigating the inner soil pressure on the cylinder wall and the base stress of the cylinder base, which were obtained from the model experiments, the interactions among the filler inside the cylinder, subsoil and cylinder are analyzed. The adjusting mechanism of frictional resistance between the inner filler and the wall of the cylinder during the overturning of the cylinder is discussed. Based on the experimental study, a method for calculating the base stress of the opened bottom cylinder structure is proposed. Meanwhile, the formulas for calculating the effective anti-overturning ratio of the opened bottom cylinder are derived.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（Grant Number 71003023） Ministry of Education, Humanities and Social Science research projects （Grant Number 10YJC790062）.
文摘Constrained by the dual mission of supporting industrial growth and reducing emissions, China＇s traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental policies unavoidably face a dilemma. Taking environmental efficiency as the exclusive indicator for the relationship between environmental performance and industrial development, the author calculated the environmental efficiency of China＇s industries under different pollutant disposability assumptions, while also considering environmental pollution. In addition, based on the assumption of industry heterogeneity, the author examined the non-linear relationship between China＇s environmental regulation and environmental efficiency and calculated the optimal regulation environment for industries. According to this study, when impact of undesirable outputs （pollutant emissions） is considered, environmental regulation and environmental efficiency are positively correlated, which to some degree validates the Porter Hypothesis. At present, environmental regulation has significant positive effects on clean production industries but shows a lag effect on pollution-intensive industries. The degree of environmental regulation and environmental efficiency show an ＂inverted U＂shaped relation and display three thresholds. It should be noted, however, that the relationship between regulation and efficiency may vary across industries. These findings have clear policy implications： China should adjust its traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental polices by targeting environmental efficiency. At the same time, rather than continually increasing the level of environmental regulation, the government should establish standards for individual industries that emphasize flexibility.
文摘The project MAGPIan, funded by the European Commission under the program LIFE＋2008, aims to develop and implement an optimal strategy for integral groundwater investigation and efficient remediation of key sources of pollution for the whole inner city area. The first investigations included descriptions of the complex hydro-geological system of the eight aquifers, drilling of monitoring wells and set up of the conceptual contaminant model. A conceptual contaminant model was developed to describe the status quo of the present contaminant distribution, as well as the basic processes controlling contaminant migration within the observed aquifers. This included the characterization of redox conditions and natural chlorinated hydrocarbons degradation processes, as well as age dating, forensic interpretations with respect to the contaminant origin, and determination of radioactive and stable isotopes. Further on, a numerical unsteady groundwater flow and contaminant transport model were developed, which enabled a quantitative description of the mass balance within the project area. The unsteady numerical model provided detection of migration paths in the valley of Stuttgart and identification of key sources of pollution.
