A kinetic model was proposed to predict the seawater fouling process in the seawater heat exchangers.The new model adopted an expression combining depositional and removal behaviors for seawater fouling based on the K...A kinetic model was proposed to predict the seawater fouling process in the seawater heat exchangers.The new model adopted an expression combining depositional and removal behaviors for seawater fouling based on the Kern–Seaton model.The present model parameters include the integrated kinetic rate of deposition(k d)and the integrated kinetic rate of removal(k r),which have clear physical signi ficance.A seawater-fouling monitoring device was established to validate the model.The experimental data were well fitted to the model,and the parameters were obtained in different conditions.SEM and EDX analyses were performed after the experiments,and the results show that the main components of seawater fouling are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.The effects of surface temperature,flow velocity and surface free energy were assessed by the model and the experimental data.The results indicate that the seawater fouling becomes aggravated as the surface temperature increased in a certain range,and the seawater fouling resistance reduced as the flow velocity of seawater increased.Furthermore,the effect of the surface free energy of metals was analyzed,showing that the lower surface free energy mitigates the seawater fouling accumulation.展开更多
基金Supported by the Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(J50502)the Construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(13DZ2260900)
文摘A kinetic model was proposed to predict the seawater fouling process in the seawater heat exchangers.The new model adopted an expression combining depositional and removal behaviors for seawater fouling based on the Kern–Seaton model.The present model parameters include the integrated kinetic rate of deposition(k d)and the integrated kinetic rate of removal(k r),which have clear physical signi ficance.A seawater-fouling monitoring device was established to validate the model.The experimental data were well fitted to the model,and the parameters were obtained in different conditions.SEM and EDX analyses were performed after the experiments,and the results show that the main components of seawater fouling are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.The effects of surface temperature,flow velocity and surface free energy were assessed by the model and the experimental data.The results indicate that the seawater fouling becomes aggravated as the surface temperature increased in a certain range,and the seawater fouling resistance reduced as the flow velocity of seawater increased.Furthermore,the effect of the surface free energy of metals was analyzed,showing that the lower surface free energy mitigates the seawater fouling accumulation.
文摘污水管道的厌氧环境是诱发H_(2)S和CH_(4)等有毒有害气体产生的主要原因,结合我国污水收集系统内建筑排水立管与市政污水管道之间设置化粪池加剧了污水管道通风不畅的现状,提出将建筑排水立管与污水管道直连形成的增强通风系统能够有效提高污水管道通风量,来改善管道气相空间环境.在此基础上,结合实验和计算流体动力学(CFD)仿真方法,以污水管道内污水流速和气相风速为出发点,对污水管道内不同污水流速和不同气相风速条件下氧气气液传质规律进行探究,旨在寻求增强管道内氧气传质的方法,实现长期抑制管道内厌氧环境,达到长久控制污水管道有害气体的目的.结果表明,增强气液两相流速均能强化氧气气液传质的能力,气液流速平均每增加0.1 m·s^(-1),氧体积传质系数K_(L)a增加3.5×10^(-4)min^(-1);而较快的污水流速会降低水力停留时间,既而缩短氧气的两相传质时间,整体促进效果不如增强管道内气相风速.同时,以抑制H_(2)S产生的污水溶解氧浓度为评价指标,气相风速平均每增加0.1 m·s^(-1),有效控制H_(2)S的溶解氧管段长度增加25 m.
