Based on the panel data of China's 34 industrial sectors during 2005-2013, this paper tests the water pollution effects of SOE ownership diversification in China. The result shows that in general, greater state ow...Based on the panel data of China's 34 industrial sectors during 2005-2013, this paper tests the water pollution effects of SOE ownership diversification in China. The result shows that in general, greater state ownership and less private ownership in a sector will lead to lower water pollution intensity. Test of threshold effect shows that, irrespective of its current level, an increase in state ownership helps improve the environment by different degrees. When pollution intensity is low, ownership diversification helps reduce pollution intensity; when pollution intensity is high, state ownership is the optimal choice for mitigating pollution. This paper's findings suggest that while advancing the mixedownership reform of SOEs, China cannot relax the environmental responsibilities of SOEs, and still less should economic interests override environmental concerns.展开更多
Embedded ArcGIS Engine can improve development efficiency of environmental information system. The authors designed the structure, functions and database of the Yongjiang River Basin Water Environment Management Infor...Embedded ArcGIS Engine can improve development efficiency of environmental information system. The authors designed the structure, functions and database of the Yongjiang River Basin Water Environment Management Information System (YRBWEMIS) through the integration of ArcGIS Engine software with VC. The spatial data and attribute data in the YRBWEMIS are stored and managed separately. The system functions include display, query, statistics, spatial analysis and thematic mapping for water pollution sources, water quality, water function regionalization and catchments region.展开更多
The present study is conducted in the scenario of the tannery waste hazards in Kasur district of Pakistan where the tannery industry is considered as major cause of groundwater quality deterioration, Area focused in t...The present study is conducted in the scenario of the tannery waste hazards in Kasur district of Pakistan where the tannery industry is considered as major cause of groundwater quality deterioration, Area focused in this research constitutes the surroundings of the effluent carrying drains near tannery units. This study includes soil explorations, groundwater monitoring and wastewater analysis in the research area so as to find out the contamination extent of chromium in subsurface. Initial groundwater monitoring exhibited chromium concentrations as high as 90 mg/L in the tannery area. Even groundwater sampling from monitoring wells installed in the adjacent areas of effluent carrying drains, showed concentrations up to 10.4 mg/L. Wastewater analysis of all the drains in the research area has evidenced potential risk of contaminant seepage into soil and groundwater as level of chromium in wastewater samples has reported to be immensely high and varies from 68 mg/L to 2,152 mg/L. However the 30 soil samples collected from two soil bores did not show any significant results as the maximum values obtained for hexavalent chromium for leaching and retained in soil are 0.02 mg/L and 8.1 mg/kg, respectively. These low concentrations of soil samples suggest that the soil contamination may not be a main environmental issue in the areas adjacent to the effluent carrying drains, The research concludes as possibility of direct interference of the tannery wastewater with groundwater through damaged structures and sewers.展开更多
It is important to evaluate and monitor the environmental impacts by the activity in our hand with appropriate methods, and the geophysical techniques have often been used in the subsurface environmental monitoring an...It is important to evaluate and monitor the environmental impacts by the activity in our hand with appropriate methods, and the geophysical techniques have often been used in the subsurface environmental monitoring and remediation processes. In the study an electromagnetic survey （EM） is performed to delineate deeply the extent of contamination at an industrial abandoned site, to detect the spread of groundwater and soil contamination, to locate possible pathways of leachate plumes. Based on the analysis of the geophysical anomaly of electrical conductivity, the survey area is delineated into three zones： original zone, transitional zone and contaminated zone. It was inferred that the high conductivity zones correspond to the contaminated zones of groundwater and soil. The survey demonstrates that EM method has the ability to measure small changes in subsurface properties involving ground water and is sensitive to the conductive layers. The measurement shows the behavior of groundwater and soil contamination and the position of groundwater pipelines, and it is beneficial to help waste management processes and to determine possible locations of monitoring wells so as to monitor the environment in the survey area in the future.展开更多
Gamasyab River, which is the biggest river of Hamadan Province, is sourced from Karstic Springs in Nahavand Township Southern Mountainous Region and supplies a major part of water needs of the region. In this research...Gamasyab River, which is the biggest river of Hamadan Province, is sourced from Karstic Springs in Nahavand Township Southern Mountainous Region and supplies a major part of water needs of the region. In this research seasonal variation of water quality and also the degree of pollution related to Gamasyab River water have been assessed. First the general status of the river was studied and four sampling stations were determined. In this research, the quality of river water including Dissolved Oxygen （DO）, five days Biochemical Oxygen Demand （BOD）5, Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD）, Nitrate, phosphate, temperature, Total Hardness（TH）, Total Suspended Solid （TSS）, Total Dissolved Solid （TDS） and PH have been determined and assessed on a monthly basis within a five years period. The results were reported as seasonally and presented using statistical tables and graphs. These results showed that Nitrate concentration in Gamasyab River is strongly depending on distance from Gamasyab spring. By increasing the distance from Gamasyab spring, nitrate concentration increased. The amount of DO in the river water is stable in each station within the year. Air temperature changes have had no effect in the amount of DO. Therefore, it is recommended that the river pollution control plans be implemented more serious than before, non point source pollution related to agricultural activities be managed and prevent from pouring untreated rural wastewaters to the mentioned river.展开更多
The project MAGPIan, funded by the European Commission under the program LIFE＋2008, aims to develop and implement an optimal strategy for integral groundwater investigation and efficient remediation of key sources of...The project MAGPIan, funded by the European Commission under the program LIFE＋2008, aims to develop and implement an optimal strategy for integral groundwater investigation and efficient remediation of key sources of pollution for the whole inner city area. The first investigations included descriptions of the complex hydro-geological system of the eight aquifers, drilling of monitoring wells and set up of the conceptual contaminant model. A conceptual contaminant model was developed to describe the status quo of the present contaminant distribution, as well as the basic processes controlling contaminant migration within the observed aquifers. This included the characterization of redox conditions and natural chlorinated hydrocarbons degradation processes, as well as age dating, forensic interpretations with respect to the contaminant origin, and determination of radioactive and stable isotopes. Further on, a numerical unsteady groundwater flow and contaminant transport model were developed, which enabled a quantitative description of the mass balance within the project area. The unsteady numerical model provided detection of migration paths in the valley of Stuttgart and identification of key sources of pollution.展开更多
Band structure and component content are the key factors for determining the activity of semiconductor heterojunction. In this study, a novel Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x heterostructure was synthesized by a simple hydrobromic ...Band structure and component content are the key factors for determining the activity of semiconductor heterojunction. In this study, a novel Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x heterostructure was synthesized by a simple hydrobromic （HBr） acid etching method through transforming partial of Bi5O7I to I ion doped BiOBr （BiOBrxI1-x） at room temperature without adding extra dopant. Both the band structure and component content of Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x alter with the additive HBr acid. The Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x （S3.0） sample exhibits the best photocatalytic activity, 6 times higher than that of pure Bis071, for the degradation of methyl orange under visible-light （2 〉 420 nm）. The activity enhancement of Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x is primarily ascribed to the improved separation efficiency of photocharges, originated from the adjustable band structure and component content, The significant findings of this paper provide a facile way to construct highly efficient semiconductor heterojunction via playing the synergetic effect of adjustable band struc- ture and component content for purifying organic pollutants in wastewater.展开更多
基金supported by the“Growth Dividend Effect and Growth Pressure Effect on Environmental Performance in the New Normal”of the National Social Science Fund(15CJL012)Beijing Social Science Fund Program“Effects of Economic Growth in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei on Environmental Pollution in the New Normal and Simulated Scenario”(15JDJGC096)
文摘Based on the panel data of China's 34 industrial sectors during 2005-2013, this paper tests the water pollution effects of SOE ownership diversification in China. The result shows that in general, greater state ownership and less private ownership in a sector will lead to lower water pollution intensity. Test of threshold effect shows that, irrespective of its current level, an increase in state ownership helps improve the environment by different degrees. When pollution intensity is low, ownership diversification helps reduce pollution intensity; when pollution intensity is high, state ownership is the optimal choice for mitigating pollution. This paper's findings suggest that while advancing the mixedownership reform of SOEs, China cannot relax the environmental responsibilities of SOEs, and still less should economic interests override environmental concerns.
文摘Embedded ArcGIS Engine can improve development efficiency of environmental information system. The authors designed the structure, functions and database of the Yongjiang River Basin Water Environment Management Information System (YRBWEMIS) through the integration of ArcGIS Engine software with VC. The spatial data and attribute data in the YRBWEMIS are stored and managed separately. The system functions include display, query, statistics, spatial analysis and thematic mapping for water pollution sources, water quality, water function regionalization and catchments region.
文摘The present study is conducted in the scenario of the tannery waste hazards in Kasur district of Pakistan where the tannery industry is considered as major cause of groundwater quality deterioration, Area focused in this research constitutes the surroundings of the effluent carrying drains near tannery units. This study includes soil explorations, groundwater monitoring and wastewater analysis in the research area so as to find out the contamination extent of chromium in subsurface. Initial groundwater monitoring exhibited chromium concentrations as high as 90 mg/L in the tannery area. Even groundwater sampling from monitoring wells installed in the adjacent areas of effluent carrying drains, showed concentrations up to 10.4 mg/L. Wastewater analysis of all the drains in the research area has evidenced potential risk of contaminant seepage into soil and groundwater as level of chromium in wastewater samples has reported to be immensely high and varies from 68 mg/L to 2,152 mg/L. However the 30 soil samples collected from two soil bores did not show any significant results as the maximum values obtained for hexavalent chromium for leaching and retained in soil are 0.02 mg/L and 8.1 mg/kg, respectively. These low concentrations of soil samples suggest that the soil contamination may not be a main environmental issue in the areas adjacent to the effluent carrying drains, The research concludes as possibility of direct interference of the tannery wastewater with groundwater through damaged structures and sewers.
文摘It is important to evaluate and monitor the environmental impacts by the activity in our hand with appropriate methods, and the geophysical techniques have often been used in the subsurface environmental monitoring and remediation processes. In the study an electromagnetic survey （EM） is performed to delineate deeply the extent of contamination at an industrial abandoned site, to detect the spread of groundwater and soil contamination, to locate possible pathways of leachate plumes. Based on the analysis of the geophysical anomaly of electrical conductivity, the survey area is delineated into three zones： original zone, transitional zone and contaminated zone. It was inferred that the high conductivity zones correspond to the contaminated zones of groundwater and soil. The survey demonstrates that EM method has the ability to measure small changes in subsurface properties involving ground water and is sensitive to the conductive layers. The measurement shows the behavior of groundwater and soil contamination and the position of groundwater pipelines, and it is beneficial to help waste management processes and to determine possible locations of monitoring wells so as to monitor the environment in the survey area in the future.
文摘Gamasyab River, which is the biggest river of Hamadan Province, is sourced from Karstic Springs in Nahavand Township Southern Mountainous Region and supplies a major part of water needs of the region. In this research seasonal variation of water quality and also the degree of pollution related to Gamasyab River water have been assessed. First the general status of the river was studied and four sampling stations were determined. In this research, the quality of river water including Dissolved Oxygen （DO）, five days Biochemical Oxygen Demand （BOD）5, Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD）, Nitrate, phosphate, temperature, Total Hardness（TH）, Total Suspended Solid （TSS）, Total Dissolved Solid （TDS） and PH have been determined and assessed on a monthly basis within a five years period. The results were reported as seasonally and presented using statistical tables and graphs. These results showed that Nitrate concentration in Gamasyab River is strongly depending on distance from Gamasyab spring. By increasing the distance from Gamasyab spring, nitrate concentration increased. The amount of DO in the river water is stable in each station within the year. Air temperature changes have had no effect in the amount of DO. Therefore, it is recommended that the river pollution control plans be implemented more serious than before, non point source pollution related to agricultural activities be managed and prevent from pouring untreated rural wastewaters to the mentioned river.
文摘The project MAGPIan, funded by the European Commission under the program LIFE＋2008, aims to develop and implement an optimal strategy for integral groundwater investigation and efficient remediation of key sources of pollution for the whole inner city area. The first investigations included descriptions of the complex hydro-geological system of the eight aquifers, drilling of monitoring wells and set up of the conceptual contaminant model. A conceptual contaminant model was developed to describe the status quo of the present contaminant distribution, as well as the basic processes controlling contaminant migration within the observed aquifers. This included the characterization of redox conditions and natural chlorinated hydrocarbons degradation processes, as well as age dating, forensic interpretations with respect to the contaminant origin, and determination of radioactive and stable isotopes. Further on, a numerical unsteady groundwater flow and contaminant transport model were developed, which enabled a quantitative description of the mass balance within the project area. The unsteady numerical model provided detection of migration paths in the valley of Stuttgart and identification of key sources of pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772118,51472005)State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry(20160014)+2 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1708085MB32)the Natural Science Foundation of Educational Committee of Anhui Province(gxyq ZD2016414,KJ2014B08)Innovation Team of Design and Application of Advanced Energetic Materials
文摘Band structure and component content are the key factors for determining the activity of semiconductor heterojunction. In this study, a novel Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x heterostructure was synthesized by a simple hydrobromic （HBr） acid etching method through transforming partial of Bi5O7I to I ion doped BiOBr （BiOBrxI1-x） at room temperature without adding extra dopant. Both the band structure and component content of Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x alter with the additive HBr acid. The Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x （S3.0） sample exhibits the best photocatalytic activity, 6 times higher than that of pure Bis071, for the degradation of methyl orange under visible-light （2 〉 420 nm）. The activity enhancement of Bi5O7I/BiOBrxI1-x is primarily ascribed to the improved separation efficiency of photocharges, originated from the adjustable band structure and component content, The significant findings of this paper provide a facile way to construct highly efficient semiconductor heterojunction via playing the synergetic effect of adjustable band struc- ture and component content for purifying organic pollutants in wastewater.
