应用摩尔比法和连续变化法研究混合溶液中形成沉淀的组成

应用摩尔比法确定混合溶液中形成沉淀的组成,和Asmus的等摩尔连续变化方法得到一致的结果.方法较简便些,不需特殊的设备,在一般实验条件下,即可确定溶液中形成沉淀的组成.本文对实验原理、方法、数据处理和实验图形进行了解释和讨论.

四川麸醋生醋后工序和成品醋存放过程中非生物性沉淀物质组成及其变化分析

为了了解四川麸醋非生物性沉淀物质的组成以及后工序和存放过程中沉淀物质的含量变化,该文对四川麸醋生醋后工序的醋液和部分工序的醋液沉淀以及成品醋存放过程的醋液及其沉淀进行物质组成成分和含量分析。结果表明,四川麸醋生醋的总酸含量在4.6~4.9 g/100 mL,经过一系列工序处理后的成品醋总酸含量维持在6.0~6.4 g/100 mL;四川麸醋的沉淀组成以蛋白质和淀粉为主,占总沉淀的50%~60%,是组成沉淀的最主要物质;在生醋后工序中,双效降膜和熬制会导致水分挥发约20%左右使醋液浓缩,是醋液中蛋白质、淀粉等物质含量增加的两个重要工序、大罐静置陈酿和膜滤工序可以去除已经形成的沉淀物质,但对于防控后续的再次返浑并没有显著的效果;在成品醋存放过程中,食醋沉淀量随着存放时间延长而逐步增加至0.29%左右,其主要以蛋白质、淀粉、果胶、Fe^(3+)、Ca^(2+)等增加为主。该研究结果为生产企业调整食醋后工序和防控成品醋返浑提供了理论基础。

Microstructure evolution and nitrides precipitation in in-situ Ti_2 AlN/TiAl composites during isothermal aging at 900°C

Microstructures of Ti2AlN/TiAl composites prepared by in-situ method were characterized in in-situ and aging treatment conditions and the nitride precipitation was investigated in Ti2AlN/TiAl composites aged at 900 ℃ for 24 h after being heat treated at 1400 ℃ for 0.5 h. The in-situ composites consist of γ＋α2 lamellar colonies, equiaxed y grains and Ti2AlN reinforcements. Matrix with nearly fully lamellar structure formed after solution and subsequently aging treatment. With the increase of Ti2AlN content, the nearly fully lamellar structure becomes instable for the aged composites. According to TEM study, fine Ti2AlN precipitates are found to distribute at the grain boundaries of lamellar colony. Needle-like Ti3AlN precipitates arrange in line with growing axis parallel to [001] direction of the γ-TiAl matrix and another needle-like Ti3AlN precipitates with lager size distribute at the dislocations. Key words：