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1991-2010年全球沙尘气溶胶排放量气候特征及其大气环流影响因子 被引量:13
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作者 刘冲 赵天良 +3 位作者 熊洁 刘煜 韩永翔 Liu Feng 《中国沙漠》 CSCD 北大核心 2015年第4期959-970,共12页
利用全球气候模式CAM5.1的20年(1991—2010年)沙尘气溶胶排放量模拟,分析全球沙尘气溶胶排放量的时空变化及其大气环流影响因子。结果表明:20年全球年平均沙尘气溶胶排放总量为1 152±28 Mt,全球沙尘气溶胶排放源主要集中在北非、... 利用全球气候模式CAM5.1的20年(1991—2010年)沙尘气溶胶排放量模拟,分析全球沙尘气溶胶排放量的时空变化及其大气环流影响因子。结果表明:20年全球年平均沙尘气溶胶排放总量为1 152±28 Mt,全球沙尘气溶胶排放源主要集中在北非、阿拉伯半岛和中亚、东亚、澳大利亚及北美沙漠地区。北非沙漠地区作为全球最大的沙尘排放源区,占全球沙尘源总量的61.8%。各沙漠区均有显著的沙尘排放的季节变化和年际波动,沙尘气溶胶呈现春、夏季强排放和秋、冬季弱排放的季节循环。相对于沙尘排放的季节变化,其年际变化幅度明显偏弱。基于大气环流指数与沙尘气溶胶排放年际变化的相关显著程度,确定主要影响全球和主要沙漠地区沙尘排放量的大气环流因子:南方涛动指数SOI、北极涛动AO、南极涛动AAO、大西洋年际振荡指数AMO、北太平洋遥相关指数NP以及西太平洋指数WP。全球主要沙漠地区沙尘排放量与大气环流因子之间的相关性具有明显的区域分布特征,在同一沙漠的不同区域甚至可以表现出正负相反的相关性。热带海气相互作用的ENSO循环中,拉尼娜年(厄尔尼诺年)北非地区的沙尘排放量偏多(少),阿拉伯半岛和中亚地区的沙尘排放量偏少(多)。 展开更多
关键词 气候模式 沙尘排放量 沙漠地区 大气环流指数
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Individual Aerosol Particles Emitted in the Ceramic-Tile Industry in Chihuahua, Mexico
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作者 Baiter Trujillo-Navarrete Francisco Paraguay-Delgado +3 位作者 Alfredo Campos-Truj illo LuisaQuifiones-Montenegr Carmen Navarro Eduardo Herrera-Peraza 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2012年第11期1248-1259,共12页
The contribution of anthropogenic mineral aerosol dust has been of interest to understand the impact of dust aerosols on climate, and the health of workers occupational exposure. Several studies have been investigated... The contribution of anthropogenic mineral aerosol dust has been of interest to understand the impact of dust aerosols on climate, and the health of workers occupational exposure. Several studies have been investigated the physical and chemical properties mainly in particulate matter. However, the characterizations have not extended diameters below to 1.0 μm. In this study, it described chemical composition and shape measurements of individual aerosol particles with 50% cut-off diameters less than 1.1 μm emitted at ceramic-tile manufacturing. Four emission sites of process were selected, and their samples were collected using a cascade-impactor, investigated using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and digital image processing, where the data were analysed applying a combination of principal component and cluster analysis. Particles of tectosilicate (quartz, zeolite), phyllosilicate (illite, montmorillonite), and inosilicate (calcium silicate) were founded in all sampling sites; also, silicates mixed with transition metals oxides used as pigments (e.g., Fe, Ti, Co, Ni, Zn and Mo). Silicates were granulated and flat crystals with a transparent, translucent appearance; otherwise, the mixture had flake shapes and opaque appearance. Analyses of multivariate data showed that the process stages emissions were related with specific composition and shape suggesting the use three measurements related (1) the internal axis, (2) roundness and (3) roughness to isolate particles shapes, and the presence of transition metals oxides as emissions tracer of the ceramic industry. 展开更多
关键词 Anthropogenic source tile-ceramic mineral aerosol dust individual aerosol particle shape measures.
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