Objective: To determine the diagnostic performancesof six Chinese PCR kits for detection of Chlamydiatrachomatis in patients with sexually transmitteddiseases using cell culture and LCR as references.Methods: Endocerv...Objective: To determine the diagnostic performancesof six Chinese PCR kits for detection of Chlamydiatrachomatis in patients with sexually transmitteddiseases using cell culture and LCR as references.Methods: Endocervical or urethral swab specimenswere collected from 673 patients attending STDclinics in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing and Tianjin. C.trachomatis culture and PCR were performed onspecimens from all patients while LCR detection wasperformed only on specimens with discordant cultureand PCR results.Results: Of the 616 patients, 6.3% (39) wereculture-positive while 23.5% to 28.7% were positiveby PCR testing. Compared to cell culture, the sensi-tivity of all six PCR methods was 90% or higher. In200 cases with discrepant reports, LCR and PCRshowed excellent consistency (YI index: 0.523-0.881 ), the sensitivity and specificity of PCR methodswere 83.9%- 98.6% and 66.7%- 94.7% respectively,while PCR2 showed the highest YI index (0.881). Withthe reference standard defined as culture positive orLCR positive plus at least one PCR positive fordiscrepant results, we found that the specificity andsensitivity of all six Chinese PCR kits were higherthan 95% and 85%, respectively.Conclusions: Domestically-produced PCR kits forChlamydia trachomatis detection are highly sensi-tive and specific, however, quality control remainsimportant in their clinical application.展开更多
A numerical model to simulate the bed degradation process in a straight alluvial channel with respect to time and distance is introduced. The simulation takes into account the effect of non uniformity of the bed ma...A numerical model to simulate the bed degradation process in a straight alluvial channel with respect to time and distance is introduced. The simulation takes into account the effect of non uniformity of the bed material, and variations in the dimension of bed forms. The model predicts the changes in the grain size distribution with the time and space during degradation process. The numerical model proposes that the armoring process in degrading channels does not depend only on hydraulic characteristics of the flow but also on variation in the grain size distribution of sediments on the bed. The model was applied and compared with the results obtained from experiments conducted in 24 m recirculating flume for two sizes of sand; a good agreement was found between observed and calculated values.展开更多
AIM: To analyze the difference of intestinal microbial community diversity between healthy and (S. enteritidis) orally infected ducklings.METHODS: Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was applied...AIM: To analyze the difference of intestinal microbial community diversity between healthy and (S. enteritidis) orally infected ducklings.METHODS: Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was applied to analyze the intestinal microbial community diversity and dynamic change including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and rectum from healthy ducklings and 7-day-old ducklings after oral infection with S. enteritidis at different time points.RESULTS: The intestinal microbial community of the control healthy ducklings was steady and the ERIC-PCR band numbers of the control healthy ducklings were the least with rectum and were the most with caecum. ERIC-PCR bands of orally inoculated ducklings did not obviously change until 24 h after inoculation (p.i.). The numbers of the ERIC-PCR bands gradually decreased from 24 h to 72 h p.i., and then, with the development of disease, the band numbers gradually increased until 6 d p.i. The prominent bacteria changed because of S. enteritidis infection and the DNAstar of staple of ERIC-PCR showed that aerobe and facultative aerobe (Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella) became preponderant bacilli in the intestine of orally infected ducklings with SE.CONCLUSION: This study has provided significant data to clarify the intestinal microbial community diversity and dynamic change of healthy and S. enteritidis orally infected ducklings, and valuable insight into the pathogenesis of S. enteritidis infection in both human and animals.展开更多
According to the measured data after impoundment and operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir,the reservoir sediment deposition and downstream river channel scouring are described briefly and compared with the research...According to the measured data after impoundment and operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir,the reservoir sediment deposition and downstream river channel scouring are described briefly and compared with the research results achieved in the demonstration stage.It is indicated through analysis that the reservoir sediment deposition and downstream river channel scouring during 8-year impoundment and operation are still within the original forecast,so the original forecasting results are feasible.The further observation and comparison should be conducted because the comparison between the observed data and the original forecast is not so sufficient in time and the prototype observation and related research work should be strengthened in the future.展开更多
With available survey data and 237surface sediment samples,the modern sedimentation in Qingdao bays is studied.The research result shows that the east area is shallower(16.4 m) than that in the west(45.8 m).The geogra...With available survey data and 237surface sediment samples,the modern sedimentation in Qingdao bays is studied.The research result shows that the east area is shallower(16.4 m) than that in the west(45.8 m).The geography was formed by a symmetric wave in a sequence of bank-offshore depression-platform-tidal channel-platform-offshore depression-foreshore from south to north.Flood sedimentary systems were formed from inlet of the Jiaozhou Bay in the west to the barrier bar in the east.Lateral sedimentation includes mainly tidal current ridges in two tidal channels.Gravel sandy sediments formed by wave lie in midland of from seashore to wave base.Dynamic functions are mainly tide and wave.Tidal current moves sediment in vertical and horizontal directions,sorting sediments and providing materials for coastwise beaches.The sources of sediment are mainly from eroded headland rocks.In general,grain sizes in this area from the inlet of the Jiaozhou Bay in the west(120°17') to the barrier bar outside in the east(120°35') are coarse-fine-coarse,forming gravel-gravelly sand(G-S),sand(S),gravel clay silt(G-YT),clay silt(YT),gravelly silty sand(G-TS),silty sand(TS),gravelly sandy silt(G-ST),and sandy silt(ST) in turn.展开更多
The extra sediment load induced by typhoons and rainstorms in the Heshe River, Taiwan, are the principal reason for severe sediment-related disasters. The total sediment load during Typhoon Morakot in 9009 was 31 x lo...The extra sediment load induced by typhoons and rainstorms in the Heshe River, Taiwan, are the principal reason for severe sediment-related disasters. The total sediment load during Typhoon Morakot in 9009 was 31 x lo6 m3, accounting for 95% of the annual sediment discharge. Large amounts of sediment load entered the Hoshe River, causing the braiding index （BI） to increase. Subsequently, the BI became positively correlated with the channel width in the Hoshe River. The specific typhoon and rainstorm events decreased after Typhoon Morakot, the sediment input decreased, inducing the fluvial morphology of the braided river to develop into a meandering river. The extra sediment load induced the deposition depth to increase and produce a headward deposition in the main channel and its tributaries. In addition, the river bend and the topographical notch restrained the sediment from moving downstream and being stored locally, indirectly increasing the erosion density of the river banks from 2.5 to lo.5 times.展开更多
This paper deals with the design, construction and performance evaluation procedure of a solar tunnel dryer in drying fish. A 12 meter long and 2 meter width half-circled tunnel was designed and constructed to dry abo...This paper deals with the design, construction and performance evaluation procedure of a solar tunnel dryer in drying fish. A 12 meter long and 2 meter width half-circled tunnel was designed and constructed to dry about 50-100 kg of freshly harvested fishes per batch. The half of the tunnel base was used as the flat plate air heating solar collector and the remaining half as a dryer. The drying air was forced from the collector region （north side） to the drying region （south side） of the half circled tunnel where the product is to be dried. The drying temperature could be easily raised by some 5-30 ℃ above the ambient temperature inside the tunnel at an air velocity of approximately 0.2 m/sec. The test was conducted with 51.5 kg freshly harvested sardines （hall-load） with initial moisture content of 66.5% （wet-basis） to analyze the performance of the dryer. The fishes were dried to a final average moisture content of 15.5% （wet-basis） within three days （30 hours）. It was possible to reach the moisture content level for safe storage within less than three days （30 hrs） with solar tunnel dryer and 7 days in open air natural sun drying. The improvement in the quality of fishes in terms of color, brightness, flavor, and taste and food value was distinctly recognized.展开更多
Object: To investigate the relationship between chlamydiatrachomatis (CT) and urogenital infection. Method Positive rate of CT in patients with inflammationof urogenital tract was significantly higher than those witho...Object: To investigate the relationship between chlamydiatrachomatis (CT) and urogenital infection. Method Positive rate of CT in patients with inflammationof urogenital tract was significantly higher than those withoutinflammation(P<0.05). Result: There was statistical difference in the males nomatter they were patients with inflammation of urogenitaltract or not (P>H0.05), while there was no statistical differencein females (P>0.05). The incidence of the infection was highamong those aging from 21-50 years old. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of CT infectionwere obscure, so we should examine CT in patients who haveno symptoms, especially in females and those of high-riskpopulation.展开更多
Objective: To detect the inhibition of urogenitalchlamydia trachomatis (CT) by 12 traditional Chinesemedicines in vitro.Methods: The inhibition of CT isolates by these medicineswas detected by micro-culture technique ...Objective: To detect the inhibition of urogenitalchlamydia trachomatis (CT) by 12 traditional Chinesemedicines in vitro.Methods: The inhibition of CT isolates by these medicineswas detected by micro-culture technique with McCoy cellsin vitro. Results: All the diuretic traditional Chinese medicinesinhibited urogenital CT The minimum inhibitoryconcentrations (MICs) ranged from 0.122 mg ml^(-1) to 62.5mg ml^(-1). Diathus superbus L., Poria cocos (Shew.) Woft,Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries, and Artemisia capillariesThunb showed stronger inhibition than the other eighttraditional Chinese medicines. The numbers and sizes ofinclusions bodies reduced gradually and disappeared finallywith the increase of the concentrations. Conclusion: All the 12 diuretic traditional Chinesemedicines inhibited urogenital CT.展开更多
文摘Objective: To determine the diagnostic performancesof six Chinese PCR kits for detection of Chlamydiatrachomatis in patients with sexually transmitteddiseases using cell culture and LCR as references.Methods: Endocervical or urethral swab specimenswere collected from 673 patients attending STDclinics in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing and Tianjin. C.trachomatis culture and PCR were performed onspecimens from all patients while LCR detection wasperformed only on specimens with discordant cultureand PCR results.Results: Of the 616 patients, 6.3% (39) wereculture-positive while 23.5% to 28.7% were positiveby PCR testing. Compared to cell culture, the sensi-tivity of all six PCR methods was 90% or higher. In200 cases with discrepant reports, LCR and PCRshowed excellent consistency (YI index: 0.523-0.881 ), the sensitivity and specificity of PCR methodswere 83.9%- 98.6% and 66.7%- 94.7% respectively,while PCR2 showed the highest YI index (0.881). Withthe reference standard defined as culture positive orLCR positive plus at least one PCR positive fordiscrepant results, we found that the specificity andsensitivity of all six Chinese PCR kits were higherthan 95% and 85%, respectively.Conclusions: Domestically-produced PCR kits forChlamydia trachomatis detection are highly sensi-tive and specific, however, quality control remainsimportant in their clinical application.
文摘A numerical model to simulate the bed degradation process in a straight alluvial channel with respect to time and distance is introduced. The simulation takes into account the effect of non uniformity of the bed material, and variations in the dimension of bed forms. The model predicts the changes in the grain size distribution with the time and space during degradation process. The numerical model proposes that the armoring process in degrading channels does not depend only on hydraulic characteristics of the flow but also on variation in the grain size distribution of sediments on the bed. The model was applied and compared with the results obtained from experiments conducted in 24 m recirculating flume for two sizes of sand; a good agreement was found between observed and calculated values.
基金The National Science &Technology Pillar Program, 2007Z06-017Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, NCET-04-0906/NCET-06-0818+1 种基金Sichuan Province Basic Research Program, 04JY029-006-1/04JY021-100/07JY029-017Program for Key Disciplines Construction of Sichuan Province, SZD0418
文摘AIM: To analyze the difference of intestinal microbial community diversity between healthy and (S. enteritidis) orally infected ducklings.METHODS: Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was applied to analyze the intestinal microbial community diversity and dynamic change including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and rectum from healthy ducklings and 7-day-old ducklings after oral infection with S. enteritidis at different time points.RESULTS: The intestinal microbial community of the control healthy ducklings was steady and the ERIC-PCR band numbers of the control healthy ducklings were the least with rectum and were the most with caecum. ERIC-PCR bands of orally inoculated ducklings did not obviously change until 24 h after inoculation (p.i.). The numbers of the ERIC-PCR bands gradually decreased from 24 h to 72 h p.i., and then, with the development of disease, the band numbers gradually increased until 6 d p.i. The prominent bacteria changed because of S. enteritidis infection and the DNAstar of staple of ERIC-PCR showed that aerobe and facultative aerobe (Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella) became preponderant bacilli in the intestine of orally infected ducklings with SE.CONCLUSION: This study has provided significant data to clarify the intestinal microbial community diversity and dynamic change of healthy and S. enteritidis orally infected ducklings, and valuable insight into the pathogenesis of S. enteritidis infection in both human and animals.
基金support from the Technology Pillar Program during the"Eleventh Five-year Plan"Period (No.2006BAB05B02No.2006BAB05B03) are acknowledged
文摘According to the measured data after impoundment and operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir,the reservoir sediment deposition and downstream river channel scouring are described briefly and compared with the research results achieved in the demonstration stage.It is indicated through analysis that the reservoir sediment deposition and downstream river channel scouring during 8-year impoundment and operation are still within the original forecast,so the original forecasting results are feasible.The further observation and comparison should be conducted because the comparison between the observed data and the original forecast is not so sufficient in time and the prototype observation and related research work should be strengthened in the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (No 40506013)
文摘With available survey data and 237surface sediment samples,the modern sedimentation in Qingdao bays is studied.The research result shows that the east area is shallower(16.4 m) than that in the west(45.8 m).The geography was formed by a symmetric wave in a sequence of bank-offshore depression-platform-tidal channel-platform-offshore depression-foreshore from south to north.Flood sedimentary systems were formed from inlet of the Jiaozhou Bay in the west to the barrier bar in the east.Lateral sedimentation includes mainly tidal current ridges in two tidal channels.Gravel sandy sediments formed by wave lie in midland of from seashore to wave base.Dynamic functions are mainly tide and wave.Tidal current moves sediment in vertical and horizontal directions,sorting sediments and providing materials for coastwise beaches.The sources of sediment are mainly from eroded headland rocks.In general,grain sizes in this area from the inlet of the Jiaozhou Bay in the west(120°17') to the barrier bar outside in the east(120°35') are coarse-fine-coarse,forming gravel-gravelly sand(G-S),sand(S),gravel clay silt(G-YT),clay silt(YT),gravelly silty sand(G-TS),silty sand(TS),gravelly sandy silt(G-ST),and sandy silt(ST) in turn.
文摘The extra sediment load induced by typhoons and rainstorms in the Heshe River, Taiwan, are the principal reason for severe sediment-related disasters. The total sediment load during Typhoon Morakot in 9009 was 31 x lo6 m3, accounting for 95% of the annual sediment discharge. Large amounts of sediment load entered the Hoshe River, causing the braiding index （BI） to increase. Subsequently, the BI became positively correlated with the channel width in the Hoshe River. The specific typhoon and rainstorm events decreased after Typhoon Morakot, the sediment input decreased, inducing the fluvial morphology of the braided river to develop into a meandering river. The extra sediment load induced the deposition depth to increase and produce a headward deposition in the main channel and its tributaries. In addition, the river bend and the topographical notch restrained the sediment from moving downstream and being stored locally, indirectly increasing the erosion density of the river banks from 2.5 to lo.5 times.
文摘This paper deals with the design, construction and performance evaluation procedure of a solar tunnel dryer in drying fish. A 12 meter long and 2 meter width half-circled tunnel was designed and constructed to dry about 50-100 kg of freshly harvested fishes per batch. The half of the tunnel base was used as the flat plate air heating solar collector and the remaining half as a dryer. The drying air was forced from the collector region （north side） to the drying region （south side） of the half circled tunnel where the product is to be dried. The drying temperature could be easily raised by some 5-30 ℃ above the ambient temperature inside the tunnel at an air velocity of approximately 0.2 m/sec. The test was conducted with 51.5 kg freshly harvested sardines （hall-load） with initial moisture content of 66.5% （wet-basis） to analyze the performance of the dryer. The fishes were dried to a final average moisture content of 15.5% （wet-basis） within three days （30 hours）. It was possible to reach the moisture content level for safe storage within less than three days （30 hrs） with solar tunnel dryer and 7 days in open air natural sun drying. The improvement in the quality of fishes in terms of color, brightness, flavor, and taste and food value was distinctly recognized.
文摘Object: To investigate the relationship between chlamydiatrachomatis (CT) and urogenital infection. Method Positive rate of CT in patients with inflammationof urogenital tract was significantly higher than those withoutinflammation(P<0.05). Result: There was statistical difference in the males nomatter they were patients with inflammation of urogenitaltract or not (P>H0.05), while there was no statistical differencein females (P>0.05). The incidence of the infection was highamong those aging from 21-50 years old. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of CT infectionwere obscure, so we should examine CT in patients who haveno symptoms, especially in females and those of high-riskpopulation.
文摘Objective: To detect the inhibition of urogenitalchlamydia trachomatis (CT) by 12 traditional Chinesemedicines in vitro.Methods: The inhibition of CT isolates by these medicineswas detected by micro-culture technique with McCoy cellsin vitro. Results: All the diuretic traditional Chinese medicinesinhibited urogenital CT The minimum inhibitoryconcentrations (MICs) ranged from 0.122 mg ml^(-1) to 62.5mg ml^(-1). Diathus superbus L., Poria cocos (Shew.) Woft,Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries, and Artemisia capillariesThunb showed stronger inhibition than the other eighttraditional Chinese medicines. The numbers and sizes ofinclusions bodies reduced gradually and disappeared finallywith the increase of the concentrations. Conclusion: All the 12 diuretic traditional Chinesemedicines inhibited urogenital CT.
