悬浮载体生物膜反应器修复受污染河水试验研究

利用自行开发的悬浮载体生物膜反应器 (SCBR)进行了修复受污染河水的试验 ,考察了水力停留时间对CODCr和氨氮去除效果的影响 .试验结果表明 ,在水温为 15～ 2 0℃ ,进水CODCr为 70～ 10 0mg/L ,进水氨氮为 8～ 2 0mg/L的条件下 ,反应器水力停留时间采用 1 0h时 ,SCBR反应器可以有效去除河水中的CODCr和氨氮 ,其中对CODCr的平均去除率可以达到 5 6 9% ,对氨氮的平均去除率可以达到 76 0 % .

微气泡及其在有机物污水处理应用的研究进展

微气泡粒径小,上升速度慢,存在时间长,传质效果好,有效地改善了水体供氧,达到了修复水体的目的。近年来,其在污水治理中的作用逐渐得到重视。文中对微气泡产生装置研发状况及观测方式进行了概述。评述了微气泡在有机物污染的水体治理方面的研究进展。

Performance of Subsurface Constructed Wetland in River Rehabilitation

[ Objective] This study was to research the treatment effect of different media in undercurrent wetland on contamination, so as to pro- vide reference for rehabitating water body of river along small towns. [ Method ] Three different media of gravel, cobblestone and shale were used to rehabilitate water quality of contaminated river. [ Result ] Gravel, cobblestone and shale all performed well in removing TN, TP and CODw,, in contaminated water, of which gravel stuffed undercurrent wetland run best, averagely removing 49.4% TN, 34.7% and 48. 5% COD~, respectively. [ Conclusion] Undercurrent constructed wetland can effectively improve the water quality of contaminated river, and it is cheaper in cost and simpler in operation, thus suitable for generalizing in small towns of China.

论微气泡及其在有机物污水处理中的应用

目的:微气泡因粒径偏小,因此,上升速度也相对较慢,可长时间存在,有着良好的传质效果,可起到水体供氧改善作用,对水体进行修复.随着环境污染加剧,污水治疗也受到越来越多人关注,本文基于微气泡特性进行分析,并探讨微气泡应用在有机物污水处理中的效果.

Numerical Analysis of Emergency River Restoration Scheme for Qingping Mega Debris Flow

The mega debris flow occurred on August 13 th 2010 in Qingping town,China(hereafter called '8.13' Debris Flow) have done great damage to the local habitants as well as to the re-construction projects in the quake-hit areas,and the channel-fill deposit problem caused by the debris flow was the most destructive.Moreover,it is of high possibility that an even severe deposit problem would reappear and result in worse consequences.In order to maximize risk reduction of this problem,relevant departments of the government established a series of emergency river restoration schemes,for which the numerical analysis is an important procedure to evaluate and determine the optimized one.This study presents a numerical analysis by applying a twodimensional debris flow model combined with a relevant water-sediment model to simulate the deposit during the progress of the debris flow,and to calculate and analyze the river flow field under both the present condition and different restoration conditions.The results show that the debris flow model,which takes the confluence of the Wenjia Gully to the main river into account,could simulate the deposit process quite well.In the reproduced debris flow from the simulation of the '8.13' Debris Flow,the original river flow path has switched to a relatively lower place just along the right bank with a high speed of near 7m.s-1 after being blocked by the deposit,which is highly hazardous.To prevent this hazard,a recommended scheme is derived through inter-comparison of different restoration conditions.It shows that the recommended scheme is able to reduce the water level and as well to regulate the flow path.Based on the given conditions of the mainstream and the tributary confluence for the simulated '8.13' Debris Flow,when encountering a debris flow with deposit volume less than 0.5 million m3,the river channel can endure a 20-year return flood;however,when the deposit volume increases to 2 million m3,the flood capacity of the river will be greatly impacted and the scheme becomes invalid.The recommended scheme supported by the present study has been applied to the emergency river restoration after this mega-debris flow.

Questioning Ecosystem Assessment and Restoration Practices in a Major Urban Estuary： Perpetuating Myths of Degradation in Spite of the Facts

The Jamaica Bay ecosystem is a dichotomy. It encompasses more than 12,000 acres of coastal estuarine marshes and an ecological diversity rivaling any coastal environment in the world. It is considerably altered, and is affected by a variety of ecological insults directly related to the fact that more than 14 million people live in its vicinity. Environmental protection institutions responded to the challenge of protecting the bay, surrounding wetlands and recreational benefits by addressing the increasing load of contaminants into the ecosystem. Billions of dollars have been spent during the past five decades on restoration attempts, including upgrading wastewater treatment plantsand the closure of three major sanitary landfills. Even with the curtailment of untreated wastewater release and ending periodic dredging and filling programs, all activities that are necessary processes in maintaining an urban harbor, the Jamaica Bay ecosystem has reached a point where many believe it to be unrecoverable, requiring massive infusions of restoration dollars. This categorization has been perpetuated based on questionable data （the ＂myths＂） that, when investigated in rigorous scientific detail, prove to be unsubstantiated. In this paper, the origin of these myths and the scientific investigation that dispel them are discussed.

Soil macropores induced by plant root as a driver for vertical hydrological connectivity in Yellow River Delta

The protection and management of the wetland should consider the changes in hydrological connectivity(HC)caused by the structural modifications of the soil macropores.The main purpose of our work is to clarify and quantify the influence of the soil macropores volume on the vertical soil hydrodynamic process mechanically and statistically by taking the form of a case study in Yellow River Delta(YRD),and further reveal the vertical hydrological connectivity in this area.Based on X-ray computed tomography and constant head permeability test,the results showed a highly spatial heterogeneity of the soil structure in the YRD,hydraulic parameter(K_(s))was negatively correlated with bulk density and positively with soil macropore volume,soil aeration and maximum water capacity.Using Hydrus 1-D software and the Green–Ampt model,we estimated the characteristics of the hydrodynamic process in the soil without macropores,then evaluated the effect of the soil macropore on soil hydrodynamic process by comparing the experimental results with the simulation results.We found that increasing soil microporosity improved the convenience of water movement,which would enhance the HC of the region.The results will further help to reveal the eco-hydrological process at a vertical scale in soil and provide a theoretical guide for wetland conservation and restoration.