In this paper, by in-depth geological research of Kalamkas Oilfield in Central Asia, the geological body has been re-ascertained; combined with fine study of reservoir engineering, based on the understanding of the di...In this paper, by in-depth geological research of Kalamkas Oilfield in Central Asia, the geological body has been re-ascertained; combined with fine study of reservoir engineering, based on the understanding of the distribution of remaining oil horizontal wells have been given full play to stabilizing oil production and controlling water cut, reducing the producing pressure drop, improving well productivity and other advantages, and the development and deployment has been optimized; horizontal wells have been applied to solve problems such as old well casing damages, shutting down wells, low-productivity and low- efficiency wells, and high water cut wells to improve the utilization rate of old wells; through separate layer system improved injection production pattern, adjustment wells have been optimized and deployed, and part measures wells have been preferably selected to tap the residual oil improve the degree of reserves control realize the stabilization of oil production and control of water cut in an old oilfield, and further improve the development effects.展开更多
Abstract： This article introduces the development and application of the medium-pressure hydro-upgrading （MHUG） tech- nology developed by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing （RIPP）. The MHUG technology...Abstract： This article introduces the development and application of the medium-pressure hydro-upgrading （MHUG） tech- nology developed by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing （RIPP）. The MHUG technology based on the chemistry of diesel hydro-upgrading reactions has the advantages of flexible product slate and excellent product quality that can in- crease the cetane rating of diesel fuel up to more than 15 units. The hydrotreating and hydro-upgrading catalysts associated with the MHUG technology have outstanding performance to meet the demand of MHUG technology for hydro-saturation and selective ring-opening of aromatic rings. New MHUG process flow scheme can further increase the yield and selectivity of target products. Commercial application of multiple MHUG units has revealed that the MHUG technology designated for clean diesel production features good feedstock adaptability and operating stability.展开更多
A number of disorders have been described to cause protein losing enteropathy (PLE) in children. Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is one mechanism leading to PLE. Few syndromes are associated with PIL; Hennek...A number of disorders have been described to cause protein losing enteropathy (PLE) in children. Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is one mechanism leading to PLE. Few syndromes are associated with PIL; Hennekam syndrome (HS) is one of them. The principal treatment for PIL is a high protein, low fat diet with medium chain triglycerides supplementation. Supportive therapy includes albumin infusion. Few publications have supported the use of octreotide to diminish protein loss and minimize hypoalbuminemia seen in PIL. There are no publications on the treatment of PIL with octreotide in patients with HS. We report two children with HS and PLE in which we used octreotide to decrease intestinal protein loss. In one patient, octreotide increased serum albumin to an acceptable level without further need for albumin infusions. The other patient responded more dramatically with near normal serum albumin levels and cessation of albumin infusions. In achieving a good response to octreotide in both patients, we add to the publications supporting the use of octreotide in PIL and suggest that octreotide should be tried in patients with PIL secondary to HS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on the use of octreotide in HS-associated PIL.展开更多
After conducting a lot of screening experiments the appropriate flocculating formulations for treating high-concentration wastewater discharged from a certain refinery were selected. The oil removal rate and COD remov...After conducting a lot of screening experiments the appropriate flocculating formulations for treating high-concentration wastewater discharged from a certain refinery were selected. The oil removal rate and COD removal achieved by these flocculating formulations were better than that achieved by the conventional compound formulation consisting of polyaluminium chloride(PAC) and polyacrylamide(PAA) . Addition of an oil/water separating agent to the formulation could improve its oil removal performance to facilitate the oil/water separation of the oil-in-water emulsion in the high-concentration wastewater along with improved adaptability of the formulation to the wastewater containing high concentration of pollutants. This flocculating agent has promising prospects for commercial application.展开更多
The aim of this work is to assess the short term effect of OMWW （olive mill waste water） application on chemical and biological soil properties. A field experiment was carried out in southern Tunisia. OMWW applicati...The aim of this work is to assess the short term effect of OMWW （olive mill waste water） application on chemical and biological soil properties. A field experiment was carried out in southern Tunisia. OMWW application was done at rates equivalent to 0, 15, 30 and 45 m^3/ha. Results showed that increasing rates of OMWW enhance the soil fertility due to its richness in organic matter such as N and P. A rapid increase of microbial biomass （during 14 days of incubation） of OMWW amended soils occurred. However, a high increase in salinity values and phenolic compounds concentrations was observed during this experiment.展开更多
Petroleum geologists have paid great attentions to the volcanic reservoirs of Songliao Basin in NE Chi- na. There are plenty of subvolcanic rocks in the Songliao Basin accompanying the Early Cretaceous Yingeheng Forma...Petroleum geologists have paid great attentions to the volcanic reservoirs of Songliao Basin in NE Chi- na. There are plenty of subvolcanic rocks in the Songliao Basin accompanying the Early Cretaceous Yingeheng Formation. The logging data show the good reservoir potential of these intrusive rocks but the distribution char- acteristics and formation mechanisms of these reservoirs are not clearly understood. Based on the previous stud- ies by using coring, cuts and logging data of Yingtai rift depression, the reservoirs＇ characteristics of intrusive rocks are presented. There are two types of intrusive rocks namely the syenodiorite-porphyrite and diabase which occur as laccolith and/or sill, both having the characteristics of low gamma and high density with little primary porosity and permeability. The prevalent reservoir porosity is the secondary porosity, such as spongy/cavernous pore, tectonic fracture. The laboratory data of porosity of diabase can reach 6.7%, but the permeability is less than 0.6 x 10-3μm2, median pressure is high, indicating that the pore throat of this kind reservoir is small. The maximum logging porosity is about 12%. The change of porosity does not correlate to the buried depth. It is the major significant differences in the distributive characteristics compared to the normal sedimentary rock reservoirs. Most of intrusive rocks underwent alteration diagenesis whilst some were subjected to precipitation diagenesis. The spongy and cavernous pore can be formed during the alteration processes of plagioclase to illite and pyroxene to chlorite. The secondary porosity is greatly correlated with the alteration intensity of matrix, pla- gioclase and pyroxene. There are pyroxenes and more plagioclases in diabase, which cause the higher alteration intensity than the syenodiorite-porphyrites in the same acid fluid. So the porosity of diabase is higher than that of syenodiorite-porphyrites. The top or/and bottom part of intrusive rocks develop the higher porosity. Because those parts are easy to contact formation fluid, and the shrink fractures give the more surface for reaction be- tween fluid and rock. The porosity of intrusive rocks is same to the volcanic rocks in Yingtai rift depression and Xujiaweizi rift depression which bear the prolific gas. It suggests good reservoir potential. Intrusive rocks are hosted by the dark mudstone which indicates semi-deep and deep lake facies belt.展开更多
An incubation experiment was designed in order to determine the further microbiological response to an addition （500 m3 ha-1） of fresh olive mill wastewater （FOMWW） in a soil that has been frequently amended with ...An incubation experiment was designed in order to determine the further microbiological response to an addition （500 m3 ha-1） of fresh olive mill wastewater （FOMWW） in a soil that has been frequently amended with uncontrolled doses of OMWW since the 1990s in an active disposal site （ADS soil）. To achieve this aim, the phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profiles, microbial biomass C （Cmic）, and dehydrogenase （DHA） and urease activities （URA） were monitored at the beginning （To）, 3 h （T1） and 97 d （Tf, i.e., the end） of incubation after FOMWW addition. After the FOMWW addition, an increase in the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs was observed in ADS soil. Moreover, a relative increase of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFAs） with respect to saturated fatty acids （SATFA） was found in the ADS soil. An increase of the Gram-positive to Gram-negative ratio was observed in this soil at the end of the incubation. While DHA and Cmic increased in the ADS soil after FOMWW addition, URA showed a decrease. Fungi and Gram-positive bacterial biomass experienced an increase after addition of a high dose of FOMWW in laboratory conditions.展开更多
文摘In this paper, by in-depth geological research of Kalamkas Oilfield in Central Asia, the geological body has been re-ascertained; combined with fine study of reservoir engineering, based on the understanding of the distribution of remaining oil horizontal wells have been given full play to stabilizing oil production and controlling water cut, reducing the producing pressure drop, improving well productivity and other advantages, and the development and deployment has been optimized; horizontal wells have been applied to solve problems such as old well casing damages, shutting down wells, low-productivity and low- efficiency wells, and high water cut wells to improve the utilization rate of old wells; through separate layer system improved injection production pattern, adjustment wells have been optimized and deployed, and part measures wells have been preferably selected to tap the residual oil improve the degree of reserves control realize the stabilization of oil production and control of water cut in an old oilfield, and further improve the development effects.
文摘Abstract： This article introduces the development and application of the medium-pressure hydro-upgrading （MHUG） tech- nology developed by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing （RIPP）. The MHUG technology based on the chemistry of diesel hydro-upgrading reactions has the advantages of flexible product slate and excellent product quality that can in- crease the cetane rating of diesel fuel up to more than 15 units. The hydrotreating and hydro-upgrading catalysts associated with the MHUG technology have outstanding performance to meet the demand of MHUG technology for hydro-saturation and selective ring-opening of aromatic rings. New MHUG process flow scheme can further increase the yield and selectivity of target products. Commercial application of multiple MHUG units has revealed that the MHUG technology designated for clean diesel production features good feedstock adaptability and operating stability.
文摘A number of disorders have been described to cause protein losing enteropathy (PLE) in children. Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is one mechanism leading to PLE. Few syndromes are associated with PIL; Hennekam syndrome (HS) is one of them. The principal treatment for PIL is a high protein, low fat diet with medium chain triglycerides supplementation. Supportive therapy includes albumin infusion. Few publications have supported the use of octreotide to diminish protein loss and minimize hypoalbuminemia seen in PIL. There are no publications on the treatment of PIL with octreotide in patients with HS. We report two children with HS and PLE in which we used octreotide to decrease intestinal protein loss. In one patient, octreotide increased serum albumin to an acceptable level without further need for albumin infusions. The other patient responded more dramatically with near normal serum albumin levels and cessation of albumin infusions. In achieving a good response to octreotide in both patients, we add to the publications supporting the use of octreotide in PIL and suggest that octreotide should be tried in patients with PIL secondary to HS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on the use of octreotide in HS-associated PIL.
文摘After conducting a lot of screening experiments the appropriate flocculating formulations for treating high-concentration wastewater discharged from a certain refinery were selected. The oil removal rate and COD removal achieved by these flocculating formulations were better than that achieved by the conventional compound formulation consisting of polyaluminium chloride(PAC) and polyacrylamide(PAA) . Addition of an oil/water separating agent to the formulation could improve its oil removal performance to facilitate the oil/water separation of the oil-in-water emulsion in the high-concentration wastewater along with improved adaptability of the formulation to the wastewater containing high concentration of pollutants. This flocculating agent has promising prospects for commercial application.
文摘The aim of this work is to assess the short term effect of OMWW （olive mill waste water） application on chemical and biological soil properties. A field experiment was carried out in southern Tunisia. OMWW application was done at rates equivalent to 0, 15, 30 and 45 m^3/ha. Results showed that increasing rates of OMWW enhance the soil fertility due to its richness in organic matter such as N and P. A rapid increase of microbial biomass （during 14 days of incubation） of OMWW amended soils occurred. However, a high increase in salinity values and phenolic compounds concentrations was observed during this experiment.
基金Supported by Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41002038)the National Major Fundamental Research and Development Projects(Nos.2012CB822002,2009CB219304)
文摘Petroleum geologists have paid great attentions to the volcanic reservoirs of Songliao Basin in NE Chi- na. There are plenty of subvolcanic rocks in the Songliao Basin accompanying the Early Cretaceous Yingeheng Formation. The logging data show the good reservoir potential of these intrusive rocks but the distribution char- acteristics and formation mechanisms of these reservoirs are not clearly understood. Based on the previous stud- ies by using coring, cuts and logging data of Yingtai rift depression, the reservoirs＇ characteristics of intrusive rocks are presented. There are two types of intrusive rocks namely the syenodiorite-porphyrite and diabase which occur as laccolith and/or sill, both having the characteristics of low gamma and high density with little primary porosity and permeability. The prevalent reservoir porosity is the secondary porosity, such as spongy/cavernous pore, tectonic fracture. The laboratory data of porosity of diabase can reach 6.7%, but the permeability is less than 0.6 x 10-3μm2, median pressure is high, indicating that the pore throat of this kind reservoir is small. The maximum logging porosity is about 12%. The change of porosity does not correlate to the buried depth. It is the major significant differences in the distributive characteristics compared to the normal sedimentary rock reservoirs. Most of intrusive rocks underwent alteration diagenesis whilst some were subjected to precipitation diagenesis. The spongy and cavernous pore can be formed during the alteration processes of plagioclase to illite and pyroxene to chlorite. The secondary porosity is greatly correlated with the alteration intensity of matrix, pla- gioclase and pyroxene. There are pyroxenes and more plagioclases in diabase, which cause the higher alteration intensity than the syenodiorite-porphyrites in the same acid fluid. So the porosity of diabase is higher than that of syenodiorite-porphyrites. The top or/and bottom part of intrusive rocks develop the higher porosity. Because those parts are easy to contact formation fluid, and the shrink fractures give the more surface for reaction be- tween fluid and rock. The porosity of intrusive rocks is same to the volcanic rocks in Yingtai rift depression and Xujiaweizi rift depression which bear the prolific gas. It suggests good reservoir potential. Intrusive rocks are hosted by the dark mudstone which indicates semi-deep and deep lake facies belt.
基金Supported by the European Union's LIFE Programme PROSODOL (No. LIFE07 ENV/GR/000280)
文摘An incubation experiment was designed in order to determine the further microbiological response to an addition （500 m3 ha-1） of fresh olive mill wastewater （FOMWW） in a soil that has been frequently amended with uncontrolled doses of OMWW since the 1990s in an active disposal site （ADS soil）. To achieve this aim, the phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profiles, microbial biomass C （Cmic）, and dehydrogenase （DHA） and urease activities （URA） were monitored at the beginning （To）, 3 h （T1） and 97 d （Tf, i.e., the end） of incubation after FOMWW addition. After the FOMWW addition, an increase in the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs was observed in ADS soil. Moreover, a relative increase of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFAs） with respect to saturated fatty acids （SATFA） was found in the ADS soil. An increase of the Gram-positive to Gram-negative ratio was observed in this soil at the end of the incubation. While DHA and Cmic increased in the ADS soil after FOMWW addition, URA showed a decrease. Fungi and Gram-positive bacterial biomass experienced an increase after addition of a high dose of FOMWW in laboratory conditions.
