A new approach is provided to resolve the large-scale applications of coal tar pitch. Carbon foams with uniform pore size are prepared at the foaming pressure of normal pressure using coal tar pitch as raw materials. ...A new approach is provided to resolve the large-scale applications of coal tar pitch. Carbon foams with uniform pore size are prepared at the foaming pressure of normal pressure using coal tar pitch as raw materials. The physical and chemical performance of high softening point pitch(HSPP) can be regulated by vacuumizing owing to the cooperation of vacuumizing and polycondensation. Results indicate that the optimum softening point and weight ratio of quinoline insoluble are about 292℃ and 65.7%, respectively. And the optimum viscosity of HSPP during the foaming process is distributed in the range of 1000-10000 Pa·s. The resultant carbon foam exhibits excellent performance, such as uniform pore structure, high compressive strength(4.7 MPa), low thermal conductivity(0.07 W·m^(-1) ·K^(-1)), specially, it cannot be fired under the high temperature of 1200 ℃.Thus, this kind of carbon foam is a potential candidate for thermal insulation material applied in energy saving building.展开更多
The present work studied fuel consumption through experiments on a diesel engine. In order to obtain lower BSFC （brake specific fuel consumption）, DME （dimethyl ether） is heated and introduced into air intake, tog...The present work studied fuel consumption through experiments on a diesel engine. In order to obtain lower BSFC （brake specific fuel consumption）, DME （dimethyl ether） is heated and introduced into air intake, together with fueling emulsified fuel to diesel engine. Results show that BSFC can decrease about 10% and diesel fuel consumption alone can decrease 18%. High saving rate of BSFC up to 10% is also acquired using ethanol instead of DME. To achieve high saving rate of BSFC, the heating temperature of about 1000 K is needed for DME operation, while the diesel engine exhaust temperature of about 750 K is suitable for ethanol. Hydrogen produced in DME or ethanol pyrolysis and the combustion characters of emulsified fuel are considered as main reasons for the excellent fuel saving. Besides, the technique adopted in the present work is extremely easy to be utilized, and may be firstly adopted on diesel engines for power plants, trains, and ships etc.展开更多
The demand for fossil fuel is at an all time high worldwide. Annually-30 billion barrels of petroleum is being consumed worldwide. In this busy society, transportation is vital and, for transportation, petroleum is a ...The demand for fossil fuel is at an all time high worldwide. Annually-30 billion barrels of petroleum is being consumed worldwide. In this busy society, transportation is vital and, for transportation, petroleum is a requirement. All the major forms of business, agricultural, exports and imports depend on transportation. There are three forms of major transportation： by ground, air and sea. These transportations require petroleum to function. Vehicles in the road require gasoline/diesel, airway transportation requires aviation fuel and sea transportation requires fuel oil and other forms of fuels. For not only transportation but, petroleum is required to make all kind of daily use plastics. If the consumption of petroleum continues this way, it will be finished in the near future. Emissions released from evaporation and combustion of these fuel contribute to many environmental and health problems, including emitting greenhouse gases that contribute immensely to global warming. Annually-7 billion tons of carbon is released to the environment due to burning of petroleum. Moreover, when the plastics are discarded into the landfill, it becomes waste plastic and since plastic is non-biodegradable, it can remain in the landfill for a long time. Waste plastics presence in the landfill causes environmental problems for example, it can cause soil to decay, pollute underground water resource and cause land to be infertile. Alternative source of energy created from solar, wind, hydrogen fuel, biomass fuel, bio-diesel, green diesel, bio-ethanol, and geo-thermal has been proposed as a solution to these problems and in future with further research, these alternative sources will play an important role in the field of alternative energy.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51472086,51002051)CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials(No KLCMKFJJ1703)
文摘A new approach is provided to resolve the large-scale applications of coal tar pitch. Carbon foams with uniform pore size are prepared at the foaming pressure of normal pressure using coal tar pitch as raw materials. The physical and chemical performance of high softening point pitch(HSPP) can be regulated by vacuumizing owing to the cooperation of vacuumizing and polycondensation. Results indicate that the optimum softening point and weight ratio of quinoline insoluble are about 292℃ and 65.7%, respectively. And the optimum viscosity of HSPP during the foaming process is distributed in the range of 1000-10000 Pa·s. The resultant carbon foam exhibits excellent performance, such as uniform pore structure, high compressive strength(4.7 MPa), low thermal conductivity(0.07 W·m^(-1) ·K^(-1)), specially, it cannot be fired under the high temperature of 1200 ℃.Thus, this kind of carbon foam is a potential candidate for thermal insulation material applied in energy saving building.
文摘The present work studied fuel consumption through experiments on a diesel engine. In order to obtain lower BSFC （brake specific fuel consumption）, DME （dimethyl ether） is heated and introduced into air intake, together with fueling emulsified fuel to diesel engine. Results show that BSFC can decrease about 10% and diesel fuel consumption alone can decrease 18%. High saving rate of BSFC up to 10% is also acquired using ethanol instead of DME. To achieve high saving rate of BSFC, the heating temperature of about 1000 K is needed for DME operation, while the diesel engine exhaust temperature of about 750 K is suitable for ethanol. Hydrogen produced in DME or ethanol pyrolysis and the combustion characters of emulsified fuel are considered as main reasons for the excellent fuel saving. Besides, the technique adopted in the present work is extremely easy to be utilized, and may be firstly adopted on diesel engines for power plants, trains, and ships etc.
文摘The demand for fossil fuel is at an all time high worldwide. Annually-30 billion barrels of petroleum is being consumed worldwide. In this busy society, transportation is vital and, for transportation, petroleum is a requirement. All the major forms of business, agricultural, exports and imports depend on transportation. There are three forms of major transportation： by ground, air and sea. These transportations require petroleum to function. Vehicles in the road require gasoline/diesel, airway transportation requires aviation fuel and sea transportation requires fuel oil and other forms of fuels. For not only transportation but, petroleum is required to make all kind of daily use plastics. If the consumption of petroleum continues this way, it will be finished in the near future. Emissions released from evaporation and combustion of these fuel contribute to many environmental and health problems, including emitting greenhouse gases that contribute immensely to global warming. Annually-7 billion tons of carbon is released to the environment due to burning of petroleum. Moreover, when the plastics are discarded into the landfill, it becomes waste plastic and since plastic is non-biodegradable, it can remain in the landfill for a long time. Waste plastics presence in the landfill causes environmental problems for example, it can cause soil to decay, pollute underground water resource and cause land to be infertile. Alternative source of energy created from solar, wind, hydrogen fuel, biomass fuel, bio-diesel, green diesel, bio-ethanol, and geo-thermal has been proposed as a solution to these problems and in future with further research, these alternative sources will play an important role in the field of alternative energy.
