[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou w...[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou were detected by 40 pairs of SSR primers used in the national regional trial of B. napus, and then clus-tering analysis was carried out. [Result] A total of 191 bands were amplified, and 143 （accounting for 75%） of them showed polymorphism among the nine rapeseed cultivars. By cluster analysis, the nine cultivars were divided into two groups. Group A included seven varieties, and group B consisted of two cultivars from Guizhou In-stitute of Oil Crops. The cultivars in group A were further divided into sub-groups A1 and A2 at the similarity coefficient of 0.643 4. Sub-group A1 included three culti-vars from Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, and sub-group A2 included the other four cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops. [Conclusion] The cultivars bred by the same institute had similar genetic background. The cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops showed wider genetic basis. However, the genetic similarity coefficient between Qianyou 17 and Qianyou 29 was up to 0.87, suggesting that they shared closer genetic basis.展开更多
Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtain...Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.展开更多
Abstract： Olive oil adulteration with less expensive edible oils is a major issue for the olive oil industry. Eleven vegetable oils were selected and purchased from different markets in Iraqi Kurdistan region （Erbil...Abstract： Olive oil adulteration with less expensive edible oils is a major issue for the olive oil industry. Eleven vegetable oils were selected and purchased from different markets in Iraqi Kurdistan region （Erbil City center）. In this study high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） on reversed-phase （RP） column with refractive index （RI） detector was used to classify some components in different edible oils depending on calculation of partition number. Adulteration of one of the olive oil samples （01） was identified, due to the appearance of glycerol trilinoleate （LLL） peak in the HPLC chromatogram, while this peak is not present in HPLC chromatograms of other olive oil samples. To ensure the presence of LLL a standard concentration of LLL was added to the sample and increasing the peak height at the retention time of LLL indicates the presence of LLL and the adulteration of olive oil sample.展开更多
TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent wer...TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. The levels of the pH, temperature, conductivity, COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand）, TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）, TSS （Total Suspended Solids） and phenol were assessed from January to June, 2011. The results obtained indicate varied levels of contaminants in both the untreated and treated wastewater. The average values of the treated effluent parameters analyzed were 38 ℃, 6,258 μs.cm-1, 314 mg-L-1, 115 mg.L-1, 2,689 mg-L-1 and 1 mg.L-1 for the temperature, conductivity, COD, TDS, TSS and phenol, respectively. The results suggest that both the raw wastewater and the treated effluent did not meet the discharge limit set by Ghana Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, the treated effluent required additional treatment before it can be discharged into the environment. This suggests that the wastewater treatment plant of TOR is ineffective for the type of wastewater produced.展开更多
The researches have been carried out in 2011-2012, in the experimental fields of Yuryev Plant Production Institute Kharkiv, Ukraine. The forms of ＂00＂ type （a low content of erucic acid and glucosinolates） and sel...The researches have been carried out in 2011-2012, in the experimental fields of Yuryev Plant Production Institute Kharkiv, Ukraine. The forms of ＂00＂ type （a low content of erucic acid and glucosinolates） and self-pollinated lines--110M-10, 127M-10, 132M-10 were studied; the forms of＂0＋＂ type--selfed lines 124-10, 221-10, 305-10; the forms of＂＋0＂ type--cultivars Victor, Janus, Emerald; forms of ＂＋＋＂ type--cultivars Fyedorovskiy, Marens, Uspikh, as well as, self-incompatible forms 5C, 15C-10, 32C-10 and the original sterile form of mutant origin were used. Viability in stigmas of the pistil lasted 3-7 days, in the forms of ＂＋0＂, ＂＋＋＂ type, 7-15 days in the cultivars and forms of ＂0＋＂, ＂00＂ type, 14-21 days in the self-incompatible and sterile forms. A fast loss of sensitivity to pollen by pistil＇s stigma was observed in the forms of＂＋0＂ and ＂＋＋＂ types. On the contrary, in self-incompatible and sterile forms was observed a gradual increase of sensitivity of pistil＇s stigma to pollination and then its gradual fall. A maximum of sensitivity of a pistil＇s stigma to pollen in ＂00＂ and ＂0＋＂ forms was on the 3rd-6th day after castration.展开更多
This study was conducted in Mgbede, River State, Nigeria, hosting up to, or even more than 100 oil wells. It examined the relationship between the bearing capacity of crude oil contaminated soil and the percentage con...This study was conducted in Mgbede, River State, Nigeria, hosting up to, or even more than 100 oil wells. It examined the relationship between the bearing capacity of crude oil contaminated soil and the percentage contamination. Four uncontaminated soil samples were randomly collected at 1.5 m depth within the oil field with hand auger and analyzed for the load bearing properties limited to cohesion, angle of internal friction and bulk density. With these parameters, the bearing capacity was determined for each sample. Crude oil, collected from one of the oil wells with viscosity 0.02611 poises at 40~C and specific gravity 0.8227 g/cm3, was used as the contaminant. This was mixed with the soil sample at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentrations. The mean values of the bearing capacity were 582.458 KN/m2, 495.35 KN/m2 for square and strip footings respectively at 0% contamination, 240.735 KN/m2 and 204.753 KN/m2 at 5%, 321.683 KN/m2 and 274.593 KN/m2 at 10%, 127.003 KN/m2 and 109.12 KN/m2 at 15%, 105.28 KN/m2 and 90.758 KN/m2 at 20% for square and strip footings, respectively. The results showed a consistent decrease in the load bearing values as the crude oil content increased. The result of the null hypothesis established a strong and significant relationship between the bearing capacity of crude oil contaminated soil and the percentage contamination.展开更多
The research aimed to analyze soil variability induced by parent materials for oil palm in West Malaysia. The research results can provide basic information on potential reserves of nutrients to improve soil productiv...The research aimed to analyze soil variability induced by parent materials for oil palm in West Malaysia. The research results can provide basic information on potential reserves of nutrients to improve soil productivity for oil palm. Soil samples were collected from two locations （granite soils and basalt soils）. The collected soil samples were completely analyzed in laboratory. The research results showed that based on mineral resistance to weathering （sand and silt mineral sizes）, mineral weathering of granite and basalt is divided into three categories, i.e., very slow weathered mineral （quartz and muscovite）, slowly weathered mineral （K-feldspar, Na and Ca-feldspar and biotite）, and easily weathered mineral （hornblende, augit, olivine, dolomite, calcite and gypsum） Losing mineral during weathering process from granite to clay is determined by containing mineral in rocks. Such minerals （CaO, Na：O, KzO, MgO and SiO2） loosed 100%, 95.0%, 83.5%, 74.7% and 52.5%, respectively, but Fe203 is disappeared only 14.4%. Soil properties characters of granite soil is more acid, has very low to low chemical soil fertility and is dominated by sand fraction, furthermore basalt soil is acid, has low to moderate chemical soil fertility and is dominated by clay fraction. Granite and basalt soils are able to produce FFB of oil palm （Fresh Fruit Bunches） 13-18 ton/ha in a year and 19-24 ton/ha in a year, respectively. The production difference of both soils is around 6.0 ton/ha in a year.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Seed Breeding from Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Committee[(2012)026]Agricultural Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province[(2013)3003]+1 种基金Agricultural Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province[(2013)3088]a grant from the Central Authorities of China for Supporting Local Platform Construction[(2011)4001]~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou were detected by 40 pairs of SSR primers used in the national regional trial of B. napus, and then clus-tering analysis was carried out. [Result] A total of 191 bands were amplified, and 143 （accounting for 75%） of them showed polymorphism among the nine rapeseed cultivars. By cluster analysis, the nine cultivars were divided into two groups. Group A included seven varieties, and group B consisted of two cultivars from Guizhou In-stitute of Oil Crops. The cultivars in group A were further divided into sub-groups A1 and A2 at the similarity coefficient of 0.643 4. Sub-group A1 included three culti-vars from Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, and sub-group A2 included the other four cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops. [Conclusion] The cultivars bred by the same institute had similar genetic background. The cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops showed wider genetic basis. However, the genetic similarity coefficient between Qianyou 17 and Qianyou 29 was up to 0.87, suggesting that they shared closer genetic basis.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,No.2012CB224801)
文摘Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.
文摘Abstract： Olive oil adulteration with less expensive edible oils is a major issue for the olive oil industry. Eleven vegetable oils were selected and purchased from different markets in Iraqi Kurdistan region （Erbil City center）. In this study high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） on reversed-phase （RP） column with refractive index （RI） detector was used to classify some components in different edible oils depending on calculation of partition number. Adulteration of one of the olive oil samples （01） was identified, due to the appearance of glycerol trilinoleate （LLL） peak in the HPLC chromatogram, while this peak is not present in HPLC chromatograms of other olive oil samples. To ensure the presence of LLL a standard concentration of LLL was added to the sample and increasing the peak height at the retention time of LLL indicates the presence of LLL and the adulteration of olive oil sample.
文摘TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. The levels of the pH, temperature, conductivity, COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand）, TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）, TSS （Total Suspended Solids） and phenol were assessed from January to June, 2011. The results obtained indicate varied levels of contaminants in both the untreated and treated wastewater. The average values of the treated effluent parameters analyzed were 38 ℃, 6,258 μs.cm-1, 314 mg-L-1, 115 mg.L-1, 2,689 mg-L-1 and 1 mg.L-1 for the temperature, conductivity, COD, TDS, TSS and phenol, respectively. The results suggest that both the raw wastewater and the treated effluent did not meet the discharge limit set by Ghana Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, the treated effluent required additional treatment before it can be discharged into the environment. This suggests that the wastewater treatment plant of TOR is ineffective for the type of wastewater produced.
文摘The researches have been carried out in 2011-2012, in the experimental fields of Yuryev Plant Production Institute Kharkiv, Ukraine. The forms of ＂00＂ type （a low content of erucic acid and glucosinolates） and self-pollinated lines--110M-10, 127M-10, 132M-10 were studied; the forms of＂0＋＂ type--selfed lines 124-10, 221-10, 305-10; the forms of＂＋0＂ type--cultivars Victor, Janus, Emerald; forms of ＂＋＋＂ type--cultivars Fyedorovskiy, Marens, Uspikh, as well as, self-incompatible forms 5C, 15C-10, 32C-10 and the original sterile form of mutant origin were used. Viability in stigmas of the pistil lasted 3-7 days, in the forms of ＂＋0＂, ＂＋＋＂ type, 7-15 days in the cultivars and forms of ＂0＋＂, ＂00＂ type, 14-21 days in the self-incompatible and sterile forms. A fast loss of sensitivity to pollen by pistil＇s stigma was observed in the forms of＂＋0＂ and ＂＋＋＂ types. On the contrary, in self-incompatible and sterile forms was observed a gradual increase of sensitivity of pistil＇s stigma to pollination and then its gradual fall. A maximum of sensitivity of a pistil＇s stigma to pollen in ＂00＂ and ＂0＋＂ forms was on the 3rd-6th day after castration.
文摘This study was conducted in Mgbede, River State, Nigeria, hosting up to, or even more than 100 oil wells. It examined the relationship between the bearing capacity of crude oil contaminated soil and the percentage contamination. Four uncontaminated soil samples were randomly collected at 1.5 m depth within the oil field with hand auger and analyzed for the load bearing properties limited to cohesion, angle of internal friction and bulk density. With these parameters, the bearing capacity was determined for each sample. Crude oil, collected from one of the oil wells with viscosity 0.02611 poises at 40~C and specific gravity 0.8227 g/cm3, was used as the contaminant. This was mixed with the soil sample at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentrations. The mean values of the bearing capacity were 582.458 KN/m2, 495.35 KN/m2 for square and strip footings respectively at 0% contamination, 240.735 KN/m2 and 204.753 KN/m2 at 5%, 321.683 KN/m2 and 274.593 KN/m2 at 10%, 127.003 KN/m2 and 109.12 KN/m2 at 15%, 105.28 KN/m2 and 90.758 KN/m2 at 20% for square and strip footings, respectively. The results showed a consistent decrease in the load bearing values as the crude oil content increased. The result of the null hypothesis established a strong and significant relationship between the bearing capacity of crude oil contaminated soil and the percentage contamination.
文摘The research aimed to analyze soil variability induced by parent materials for oil palm in West Malaysia. The research results can provide basic information on potential reserves of nutrients to improve soil productivity for oil palm. Soil samples were collected from two locations （granite soils and basalt soils）. The collected soil samples were completely analyzed in laboratory. The research results showed that based on mineral resistance to weathering （sand and silt mineral sizes）, mineral weathering of granite and basalt is divided into three categories, i.e., very slow weathered mineral （quartz and muscovite）, slowly weathered mineral （K-feldspar, Na and Ca-feldspar and biotite）, and easily weathered mineral （hornblende, augit, olivine, dolomite, calcite and gypsum） Losing mineral during weathering process from granite to clay is determined by containing mineral in rocks. Such minerals （CaO, Na：O, KzO, MgO and SiO2） loosed 100%, 95.0%, 83.5%, 74.7% and 52.5%, respectively, but Fe203 is disappeared only 14.4%. Soil properties characters of granite soil is more acid, has very low to low chemical soil fertility and is dominated by sand fraction, furthermore basalt soil is acid, has low to moderate chemical soil fertility and is dominated by clay fraction. Granite and basalt soils are able to produce FFB of oil palm （Fresh Fruit Bunches） 13-18 ton/ha in a year and 19-24 ton/ha in a year, respectively. The production difference of both soils is around 6.0 ton/ha in a year.
