In this paper, gasification was utilized in order to produce syngas from crude glycerol and palm shell waste which are by-product of biodiesel production. Experiments were carried out in a fluidized bed quartz reactor...In this paper, gasification was utilized in order to produce syngas from crude glycerol and palm shell waste which are by-product of biodiesel production. Experiments were carried out in a fluidized bed quartz reactor using alumina ball with 1 mm diameter as fluidizing medium with equivalent ration of 0.05 with raw materials （mixed crude glycerol and palm shell wastes） at 10 g/min feed rate under 700℃ and 900℃. Glycerol and palm shell powder were fed separately to gasifier at different weight ratio varied from 100：0, 70：30, 50：50, 30：70, 0：100. Decomposition of crude glycerol resulted in much less char when compared with other biomass. From the results, it could be found that combustible gas productions increased with the increasing of crude glycerol fraction and temperature; syngas production was highest at 900℃with only glycerol in feed; gas production rate yields under optimum condition were 4.29% CO2, 8.70% CO, 10.48% H2, and 8.24% CH4 L/min; LHV and H2/CO at optimum condition were 4.87 MJ/m^3 and 1.20, respectively, which were sufficient for power utilization. Obtained H2/CO ratio also indicated that syngas from gasification of crude glycerol and palm shell waste should be suitable for further conversion to methanol and other chemical reagents, and thus closing the chemical recovery cycle of biodiesel production process to ensure the sustainahility status for the use of biodiesel as a prominent renewable energy source.展开更多
The steam-gasification reaction characteristics of coal and petroleum coke （PC） were studied in the drop tube furnace （DTF）. The effects of various factors such as types of carbonaceous material, gasification temp...The steam-gasification reaction characteristics of coal and petroleum coke （PC） were studied in the drop tube furnace （DTF）. The effects of various factors such as types of carbonaceous material, gasification temperature （1100- 1400 ℃） and mass ratio of steam to char （0.4：1, 0.6：1 and 1：1 separately） on gasification gas or solid products were investigated. The results showed that for all carbonaceous materials studied, H2 content exhibited the largest part of gasification gaseous products and CH4 had the smallest part. For the two petroleum cokes, CO2 content was higher than CO, which was similar to Zun-yi char. When the steam/char ratio was constant, the carbon con- version of both Shen-fu and PC chars increased with increasing temperature. When the gasification temperature was constant, the carbon conversions of all char samples increased with increasing steam/char ratio. For all the steam/char ratios, compared to water gas shift reaction, char-H2O and char-CO2 reaction were further from the thermodynamic equilibrium due to a much lower char gasification rate than that of water gas shift reaction rate. Therefore, kinetic effects may play a more important role in a char gasification step than thermodynamic effects when the gasification reaction of char was held in DTF, The calculating method for the equilibrium shift in this study will be a worth reference for analysis of the gaseous components in industrial gasifier. The reactivity of residual cokes decreased and the crystal layer （L002/d002） numbers of residual cokes increased with increasing gasification temperature. Therefore, L002/d002, the carbon crystallite structure parameter, can be used to evaluate the reactivity of residual cokes.展开更多
文摘In this paper, gasification was utilized in order to produce syngas from crude glycerol and palm shell waste which are by-product of biodiesel production. Experiments were carried out in a fluidized bed quartz reactor using alumina ball with 1 mm diameter as fluidizing medium with equivalent ration of 0.05 with raw materials （mixed crude glycerol and palm shell wastes） at 10 g/min feed rate under 700℃ and 900℃. Glycerol and palm shell powder were fed separately to gasifier at different weight ratio varied from 100：0, 70：30, 50：50, 30：70, 0：100. Decomposition of crude glycerol resulted in much less char when compared with other biomass. From the results, it could be found that combustible gas productions increased with the increasing of crude glycerol fraction and temperature; syngas production was highest at 900℃with only glycerol in feed; gas production rate yields under optimum condition were 4.29% CO2, 8.70% CO, 10.48% H2, and 8.24% CH4 L/min; LHV and H2/CO at optimum condition were 4.87 MJ/m^3 and 1.20, respectively, which were sufficient for power utilization. Obtained H2/CO ratio also indicated that syngas from gasification of crude glycerol and palm shell waste should be suitable for further conversion to methanol and other chemical reagents, and thus closing the chemical recovery cycle of biodiesel production process to ensure the sustainahility status for the use of biodiesel as a prominent renewable energy source.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development of China(2012AA053101,2011AA050106)the National Key State Basic Research Development Program of China(2010CB227004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376081)
文摘The steam-gasification reaction characteristics of coal and petroleum coke （PC） were studied in the drop tube furnace （DTF）. The effects of various factors such as types of carbonaceous material, gasification temperature （1100- 1400 ℃） and mass ratio of steam to char （0.4：1, 0.6：1 and 1：1 separately） on gasification gas or solid products were investigated. The results showed that for all carbonaceous materials studied, H2 content exhibited the largest part of gasification gaseous products and CH4 had the smallest part. For the two petroleum cokes, CO2 content was higher than CO, which was similar to Zun-yi char. When the steam/char ratio was constant, the carbon con- version of both Shen-fu and PC chars increased with increasing temperature. When the gasification temperature was constant, the carbon conversions of all char samples increased with increasing steam/char ratio. For all the steam/char ratios, compared to water gas shift reaction, char-H2O and char-CO2 reaction were further from the thermodynamic equilibrium due to a much lower char gasification rate than that of water gas shift reaction rate. Therefore, kinetic effects may play a more important role in a char gasification step than thermodynamic effects when the gasification reaction of char was held in DTF, The calculating method for the equilibrium shift in this study will be a worth reference for analysis of the gaseous components in industrial gasifier. The reactivity of residual cokes decreased and the crystal layer （L002/d002） numbers of residual cokes increased with increasing gasification temperature. Therefore, L002/d002, the carbon crystallite structure parameter, can be used to evaluate the reactivity of residual cokes.
