基于能量及原油物性定量分析的油-水混合液黏度预测模型

高含水油-水混合液往往不能形成稳定的乳状液,而是原油将其中一部分水乳化,形成了油包水(W/O)乳状液液滴和游离水的掺混体系。传统的乳状液黏度模型并不适用于这种非稳定乳化的油-水混合体系。采用搅拌测黏法测定并研究了搅拌转速、含水率及温度对油-水混合液表观黏度的影响。结果表明:油-水混合液的表观黏度随着搅拌速率的增大、含水率的增加及温度的升高而逐渐减小。提出采用乳化过程消耗的机械能来表征油-水混合液受到的剪切作用。以实验数据为基础,并对乳化过程消耗的机械能及原油物性进行定量分析,建立了适用于高含水油-水混合液的黏度预测模型。该模型预测偏差分析结果显示,模型计算表观黏度值与实测表观黏度值之间的平均相对偏差为5.6%。

新型高效除砂装置的研究与应用

油田现有除砂工艺的除砂效率低,影响单井产量,且部分砂粒危及后续流程。研究开发了一种自生动力无回压密闭除砂洗砂装置。该装置使油-水-砂混合液在外加动力的作用下作旋流运动,分离出来的泥砂直接进行搓洗后可外排。对大港油田西七转油站来液测试表明,对于粒径大于或等于0.045mm的含砂原油,其除砂率高于90%,洗净砂的含油量低于1mg/g。该装置的工程投资和运行费用低,工艺流程简单,操作管理易行,适用于油田的清洁生产。

Demulsification of Emulsion Liquid Membrane by Wetting Coalescence Materials

Demulsification of emulsified water-in-oil droplets was worked out with the employment of wetting coalescence materials. Demulsification is carried out in conventional stirred-column and packed-column. Among the four kinds of natural fibers and two kinds of inorganic materials tested, natural fiber A, originated from wood shavings was found to give the best performance of demulsification. The demulsification efficiency can exceed 96.5% when demulsification conditions are optimized. The packed-column showed much better performance both in terms of demulsification efficiency and repeated use of the recovered oil phase for extracting cadmium in simulated wastewater. Operating variables governing the demulsification efficiency were investigated.