Gene and viral therapies for cancer have shown some therapeutic effects, but there has been a lack of real breakthrough. To achieve the goal of complete elimination of tumor xenograft in animal models, we have develop...Gene and viral therapies for cancer have shown some therapeutic effects, but there has been a lack of real breakthrough. To achieve the goal of complete elimination of tumor xenograft in animal models, we have developed a new strategy called Targeting Gene-Virotherapy of Cancer, which aims to combine the advantages of both gene therapy and virotherapy. This new strategy has produced stronger anti-tumor effects than either gene or viral therapy alone. A tumorspecific replicative adenovirus vector, designated as ZD55, was constructed by deletion of the 55kDa E1B region of adenovirus. The resulting viral construct not only retains a similar function to ONYX-015 by specifically targeting p53 negative tumors, but also allows for the insertion of various therapeutic genes to form appropriate ZD55 derivatives due to the newly introduced cloning site, a task not feasible with the original ONYX-015 virus. We showed that the anti-tumor effect of one such derivative, ZD55-IL-24, is at least 100 times more potent than that of either ZD55 virotherapy or Ad-IL-24 gene therapy. Nevertheless, complete elimination of tumor mass by the use of ZD55-1L-24 was only observed in some but not all mice, indicating that one therapeutic gene was not sufficient to ＂cure＂ these mice. When genes with complementary or synergetic effects were separately cloned into the ZD55 vector and used in combination （designated as the Dual Gene Therapy strategy）, much better results were obtained; and it was possible to achieve complete elimination of all the xenograft tumor masses in all mice if two suitable genes were chosen. More comprehensive studies based on this new strategy will likely lead to a protocol for clinical trial. Finally, the concept of Double Controlled Targeting Virus-Dual Gene Therapy for cancer treatment, and the implication of the recent progress in cancer stem cells are also discussed.展开更多
Several clinical reports confirmed that gastric atrophy is a pathology not only limited to adult patients. In pediatrics, it is most olden described in association with a H pylori infection but this bacteria does not ...Several clinical reports confirmed that gastric atrophy is a pathology not only limited to adult patients. In pediatrics, it is most olden described in association with a H pylori infection but this bacteria does not seem to be the only etiological factor of this preneoplastic state in children. The frequency of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in children are unknown because they are not systematically sought during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The lack of specific histological classification of children＇s gastropathies makes their diagnosis difficult for pathologists. Based on our knowledge to date, we think that it is necessary to describe, in detail, the natural course of this lesion during childhood. A close and prolonged clinical and endoscopic follow-up is important for children with gastric atrophy.展开更多
Since the calcium channel blocker （CCB） has become one of the most prescribed agents for antihypertensive monotherapy in the world, this brief review will focus on the recent research and development of the dihydrop...Since the calcium channel blocker （CCB） has become one of the most prescribed agents for antihypertensive monotherapy in the world, this brief review will focus on the recent research and development of the dihydropyridine （DHP） CCB, addressing pharmacological mecha- nisms for the clinical efficacy of the third and fourth generations of the DHP CCBs, especially on their possible central mechanisms underlying lowering blood pressure.展开更多
Angiolipoma, a common benign tumor mostly seen in the subcutaneous tissue, is a rare pathological condition in the gastrointestinal tract that is usually diagnosed postoperatively. In this case report, an angiolipoma ...Angiolipoma, a common benign tumor mostly seen in the subcutaneous tissue, is a rare pathological condition in the gastrointestinal tract that is usually diagnosed postoperatively. In this case report, an angiolipoma was diagnosed preoperatively by imaging （including CT scans, abdominal echo, barium enema, and colonoscopy）. This pathology was confirmed postoperatively. Computed tomography scan, abdominal echo, and barium enema images were presented.展开更多
Anal stenosis is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery, most commonly seen after hemorrhoidectomy. Anal stenosis represents a technical challenge in terms of surgical management. A Medline search of stu...Anal stenosis is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery, most commonly seen after hemorrhoidectomy. Anal stenosis represents a technical challenge in terms of surgical management. A Medline search of studies relevant to the management of anal stenosis was undertaken. The etiology, pathophysiology and classification of anal stenosis were reviewed. An overview of surgical and non-surgical therapeutic options was developed. Ninety percent of anal stenosis is caused by overzealous hemorrhoidectomy. Treatment, both medical and surgical, should be modulated based on stenosis severity. Mild stenosis can be managed conservatively with stool softeners or fiber supplements. Sphincterotomy may be quite adequate for a patient with a mild degree of narrowing. For more severe stenosis, a formal anoplasty should be performed to treat the loss of anal canal tissue. Anal stenosis may be anatomic or functional. Anal stricture is most often a preventable complication. Many techniques have been used for the treatment of anal stenosis with variable healing rates. It is extremely difficult to interpret the results of the various anoplastic procedures described in the literature as prospective trials have not been performed. However, almost any approach will at least improve patient symptoms.展开更多
In the present paper, the author sums up and analyzes descriptions about needle-insertion depth in Chinese classical medical book Huang Di Nei Jing (《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic). In many chapter...In the present paper, the author sums up and analyzes descriptions about needle-insertion depth in Chinese classical medical book Huang Di Nei Jing (《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic). In many chapters of Nei Jing, the needle-insertion depth is stressed to be various according to 1) the deficiency or excess of syndromes, 2) the patients’ constitution, 3) the severity of disease, 4) the duration of disease, 5) the location of disease, 6) the patient’s age, 7) the location of the needled acupoint, 8) the season, 9) the patient’s temperament, 10) the pulse condition, 11) the state of “Deqi”, and 12) the location of the running course of meridians. In addition, different kinds of diseases and different stages of diseases also need different depths of needle insertion, different manipulating skills and different stimulating quantity.展开更多
The sludge was landfilled after solidification/stabilization treatment. This technology can solve the problem of much sludge treatment. But the study on engineering application is less common. There is a lack of corre...The sludge was landfilled after solidification/stabilization treatment. This technology can solve the problem of much sludge treatment. But the study on engineering application is less common. There is a lack of corresponding research results about equipment, process and treatment effect. According to the above problems, this paper discusses the treatment process combining with sludge solidification/stabilization landfill field in Fuyong Town in Shenzhen City. Furthermore, the strength, moisture content, environmental indexes of treated sludge in field test was carried out in order to monitor the treatment effect. The results showed that the sludge solidification/stabilization equipment can meet the need of large-scale engineering application and the treatment process is relatively simple and the solidified sludge can meet the need of landfill.展开更多
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family involvement and altruism on agency costs of equity and debt, as well on the performance of small family businesses. To achieve this objective, the authors revi...The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family involvement and altruism on agency costs of equity and debt, as well on the performance of small family businesses. To achieve this objective, the authors reviewed the literature on family business. Drawing from agency theory and stewardship theory, the authors also proposed a research model that highlights the links among the variables. In so doing, this paper makes some contributions to the literature in three ways. Firstly, it takes an integrative framework that may help to explain behaviors oriented towards maximizing potential performance within a context in which pro-organizational attitudes co-exist with self-serving motivations. Secondly, it advances the understanding of corporate governance mechanisms in small family businesses, and finally, it deepens the discussion of prior research by advancing a set of propositions based on two theoretical approaches. Thus, the authors believe that a systematic comparison of different contexts provides new insights into small family business governance. The implications and directions for future research are in the last section.展开更多
文摘Gene and viral therapies for cancer have shown some therapeutic effects, but there has been a lack of real breakthrough. To achieve the goal of complete elimination of tumor xenograft in animal models, we have developed a new strategy called Targeting Gene-Virotherapy of Cancer, which aims to combine the advantages of both gene therapy and virotherapy. This new strategy has produced stronger anti-tumor effects than either gene or viral therapy alone. A tumorspecific replicative adenovirus vector, designated as ZD55, was constructed by deletion of the 55kDa E1B region of adenovirus. The resulting viral construct not only retains a similar function to ONYX-015 by specifically targeting p53 negative tumors, but also allows for the insertion of various therapeutic genes to form appropriate ZD55 derivatives due to the newly introduced cloning site, a task not feasible with the original ONYX-015 virus. We showed that the anti-tumor effect of one such derivative, ZD55-IL-24, is at least 100 times more potent than that of either ZD55 virotherapy or Ad-IL-24 gene therapy. Nevertheless, complete elimination of tumor mass by the use of ZD55-1L-24 was only observed in some but not all mice, indicating that one therapeutic gene was not sufficient to ＂cure＂ these mice. When genes with complementary or synergetic effects were separately cloned into the ZD55 vector and used in combination （designated as the Dual Gene Therapy strategy）, much better results were obtained; and it was possible to achieve complete elimination of all the xenograft tumor masses in all mice if two suitable genes were chosen. More comprehensive studies based on this new strategy will likely lead to a protocol for clinical trial. Finally, the concept of Double Controlled Targeting Virus-Dual Gene Therapy for cancer treatment, and the implication of the recent progress in cancer stem cells are also discussed.
文摘Several clinical reports confirmed that gastric atrophy is a pathology not only limited to adult patients. In pediatrics, it is most olden described in association with a H pylori infection but this bacteria does not seem to be the only etiological factor of this preneoplastic state in children. The frequency of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in children are unknown because they are not systematically sought during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The lack of specific histological classification of children＇s gastropathies makes their diagnosis difficult for pathologists. Based on our knowledge to date, we think that it is necessary to describe, in detail, the natural course of this lesion during childhood. A close and prolonged clinical and endoscopic follow-up is important for children with gastric atrophy.
文摘Since the calcium channel blocker （CCB） has become one of the most prescribed agents for antihypertensive monotherapy in the world, this brief review will focus on the recent research and development of the dihydropyridine （DHP） CCB, addressing pharmacological mecha- nisms for the clinical efficacy of the third and fourth generations of the DHP CCBs, especially on their possible central mechanisms underlying lowering blood pressure.
文摘Angiolipoma, a common benign tumor mostly seen in the subcutaneous tissue, is a rare pathological condition in the gastrointestinal tract that is usually diagnosed postoperatively. In this case report, an angiolipoma was diagnosed preoperatively by imaging （including CT scans, abdominal echo, barium enema, and colonoscopy）. This pathology was confirmed postoperatively. Computed tomography scan, abdominal echo, and barium enema images were presented.
文摘Anal stenosis is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery, most commonly seen after hemorrhoidectomy. Anal stenosis represents a technical challenge in terms of surgical management. A Medline search of studies relevant to the management of anal stenosis was undertaken. The etiology, pathophysiology and classification of anal stenosis were reviewed. An overview of surgical and non-surgical therapeutic options was developed. Ninety percent of anal stenosis is caused by overzealous hemorrhoidectomy. Treatment, both medical and surgical, should be modulated based on stenosis severity. Mild stenosis can be managed conservatively with stool softeners or fiber supplements. Sphincterotomy may be quite adequate for a patient with a mild degree of narrowing. For more severe stenosis, a formal anoplasty should be performed to treat the loss of anal canal tissue. Anal stenosis may be anatomic or functional. Anal stricture is most often a preventable complication. Many techniques have been used for the treatment of anal stenosis with variable healing rates. It is extremely difficult to interpret the results of the various anoplastic procedures described in the literature as prospective trials have not been performed. However, almost any approach will at least improve patient symptoms.
文摘In the present paper, the author sums up and analyzes descriptions about needle-insertion depth in Chinese classical medical book Huang Di Nei Jing (《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic). In many chapters of Nei Jing, the needle-insertion depth is stressed to be various according to 1) the deficiency or excess of syndromes, 2) the patients’ constitution, 3) the severity of disease, 4) the duration of disease, 5) the location of disease, 6) the patient’s age, 7) the location of the needled acupoint, 8) the season, 9) the patient’s temperament, 10) the pulse condition, 11) the state of “Deqi”, and 12) the location of the running course of meridians. In addition, different kinds of diseases and different stages of diseases also need different depths of needle insertion, different manipulating skills and different stimulating quantity.
文摘The sludge was landfilled after solidification/stabilization treatment. This technology can solve the problem of much sludge treatment. But the study on engineering application is less common. There is a lack of corresponding research results about equipment, process and treatment effect. According to the above problems, this paper discusses the treatment process combining with sludge solidification/stabilization landfill field in Fuyong Town in Shenzhen City. Furthermore, the strength, moisture content, environmental indexes of treated sludge in field test was carried out in order to monitor the treatment effect. The results showed that the sludge solidification/stabilization equipment can meet the need of large-scale engineering application and the treatment process is relatively simple and the solidified sludge can meet the need of landfill.
文摘The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family involvement and altruism on agency costs of equity and debt, as well on the performance of small family businesses. To achieve this objective, the authors reviewed the literature on family business. Drawing from agency theory and stewardship theory, the authors also proposed a research model that highlights the links among the variables. In so doing, this paper makes some contributions to the literature in three ways. Firstly, it takes an integrative framework that may help to explain behaviors oriented towards maximizing potential performance within a context in which pro-organizational attitudes co-exist with self-serving motivations. Secondly, it advances the understanding of corporate governance mechanisms in small family businesses, and finally, it deepens the discussion of prior research by advancing a set of propositions based on two theoretical approaches. Thus, the authors believe that a systematic comparison of different contexts provides new insights into small family business governance. The implications and directions for future research are in the last section.
