AIM： To investigate the cellular mechanisms of action of Yiguanjian （YGJ） decoction in treatment of chronic hepatic injury. METHODS： One group of mice was irradiated, and received enhanced green fluorescent prote...AIM： To investigate the cellular mechanisms of action of Yiguanjian （YGJ） decoction in treatment of chronic hepatic injury. METHODS： One group of mice was irradiated, and received enhanced green fluorescent protein （EGFP）- positive bone marrow transplants followed by 13 wk of CCh injection and 6 wk of oral YGJ administration. A second group of Institute for Cancer Research mice was treated with 13 wk of CCI4 injection and 6 wk of oral YGJadministration. Liver function, histological changes in the liver, and Hyp content were analyzed. The expres- sion of m-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）, F4/80, albumin （AIb）, EGFP, mitogen-activated protein kinase-2 （PKM2）, Ki-67, fetoprotein （AFP）, monocyte chemotaxis pro- tein-1 and CC chemokine receptor 2 were assayed. RESULTS： As hepatic damage progressed, EGFP-po- sitive marrow cells migrated into the liver and were mainly distributed along the fibrous septa. They showed a conspicuous coexpression of EGFP with ^-SMA and F4/80 but no coexpression with AIb. Moreover, the expression of PKM2, AFP and Ki-67 was enhanced dy- namically and steadily over the course of liver injury. YGJ abrogated the increases in the number of bone marrow-derived fibrogenic cells in the liver, inhibited expression of both progenitor and mature hepatocyte markers, and reduced fibrogenesis. CONCLUSION： YGJ decoction improves liver fibrosis by inhibiting the migration of bone marrow cells into the liver as well as inhibiting their differentiation and suppressing the proliferation of both progenitors and hepatocytes in the injured liver.展开更多
Gastric hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia are seen in several conditions associated with an increased risk of gastric malignancy.Hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia are closely related and their long-term effects are di...Gastric hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia are seen in several conditions associated with an increased risk of gastric malignancy.Hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia are closely related and their long-term effects are difficult to study separately in patients.Studies using animal models can provide valuable information about risk factors and mechanisms in gastric cancer development as the models allow a high degree of intervention when introducing or eliminating factors possibly affecting carcinogenesis.In this report,we briefly review findings from relevant animal studies on this topic.Animal models of gastric hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia provide evidence hypergastrinaemia is a common causative factor in many otherwise diverse settings.In all species where sufficient hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia have been induced,a proportion of the animals develop malignant lesions in the gastric oxyntic mucosa.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the dose distribution and dose volume histogram (DVH) of the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) among conventional radiation therapy (CR), three-...Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the dose distribution and dose volume histogram (DVH) of the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) among conventional radiation therapy (CR), three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT), two-step intensity-modulated radiation therapy (TS-IMRT) and direct machine parameter optimization intensity-modulated radiation therapy (DMPO-IMRT) after breast-conserving surgery. Methods: For each of 20 randomly chosen patients, 4 plans were designed using 4 irradiation techniques. The prescribed dose was 50 Gy/2 Gy/25 f, 95% of the planning target volume received this dose. The cumulated DVHs and 3D dose distributions of CR, 3DCRT, TS-IMRT and DMPO-IMRT plans were compared. Results: For the homogeneity indices, no statistically significant difference was observed among CR, 3DCRT, TS-IMRT and DMPO-IMRT while the difference of the conformality indices were statistically significant. With regard to the organs at risk, IMRT and 3DCRT showed a significantly fewer exposure dose to the ipsilateral lung than CR in the high-dose area while in the low-dose area, IMRT demonstrated a significant increase of exposure dose to ipsilateral lung, heart and contralateral breast compared with 3DCRT and CR. In addition, the monitor units (MUs) for DMPO-IMRT were approximately 26% more than those of TS-IMRT and the segments of the former were approximately 24% less than those of the latter. Conclusion: Compared with CR, 3DCRT and IMRT improved the homogeneity and conformity of PTV, reduced the irradiated volume of OARs in high dose area but IMRT increased the irradiated volume of OARs in low dose area. DMPO-IMRT plan has fewer delivery time but more MUs than TS-IMRT.展开更多
Objective： The aim of our study was to compared non-red wax compensator and adding red wax compensator in the treatment plans of the minimum dose, maximum dose, mean dose and target surface dose, and compare the dose...Objective： The aim of our study was to compared non-red wax compensator and adding red wax compensator in the treatment plans of the minimum dose, maximum dose, mean dose and target surface dose, and compare the dose volume histograms （DVH） parameters and isodose distributions of two plans. Methods： From January 2009 to December 2010, 8 patients with superficial head and neck cancer and without surgery treatment were collected. They all confirmed by cancer center, Tianmen First People＇s Hospital. Topslane WiMRT was used to design the treatment plan of non-red wax compensator and adding red wax compensator, with 6 MV photons using three-dimensional conformal irradiation mode design, the prescription dose was 50 Gy/25 times. Results： Compared non-red wax compensator with adding red wax compensator, its target minimum dose （t = -3.157, P 〈 0.05） and the target surface dose sJgnJficantJy improved （t = -0.020, P 〈 0.05）, whJle the target maximum dose （t = -0.140, P 〉 0.05） and mean dose （t = -9.914, P 〉 0.05） were considered no significant difference. Conclusion： The use of U-shaped mask fixed red wax film production in conformal radiotherapy tissue compensator can significantly improve the surface dose and dose distribution superficial planning target volume.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30772758National Science and Technology Major Project of China,No. 2009ZX09311-003
文摘AIM： To investigate the cellular mechanisms of action of Yiguanjian （YGJ） decoction in treatment of chronic hepatic injury. METHODS： One group of mice was irradiated, and received enhanced green fluorescent protein （EGFP）- positive bone marrow transplants followed by 13 wk of CCh injection and 6 wk of oral YGJ administration. A second group of Institute for Cancer Research mice was treated with 13 wk of CCI4 injection and 6 wk of oral YGJadministration. Liver function, histological changes in the liver, and Hyp content were analyzed. The expres- sion of m-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）, F4/80, albumin （AIb）, EGFP, mitogen-activated protein kinase-2 （PKM2）, Ki-67, fetoprotein （AFP）, monocyte chemotaxis pro- tein-1 and CC chemokine receptor 2 were assayed. RESULTS： As hepatic damage progressed, EGFP-po- sitive marrow cells migrated into the liver and were mainly distributed along the fibrous septa. They showed a conspicuous coexpression of EGFP with ^-SMA and F4/80 but no coexpression with AIb. Moreover, the expression of PKM2, AFP and Ki-67 was enhanced dy- namically and steadily over the course of liver injury. YGJ abrogated the increases in the number of bone marrow-derived fibrogenic cells in the liver, inhibited expression of both progenitor and mature hepatocyte markers, and reduced fibrogenesis. CONCLUSION： YGJ decoction improves liver fibrosis by inhibiting the migration of bone marrow cells into the liver as well as inhibiting their differentiation and suppressing the proliferation of both progenitors and hepatocytes in the injured liver.
文摘Gastric hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia are seen in several conditions associated with an increased risk of gastric malignancy.Hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia are closely related and their long-term effects are difficult to study separately in patients.Studies using animal models can provide valuable information about risk factors and mechanisms in gastric cancer development as the models allow a high degree of intervention when introducing or eliminating factors possibly affecting carcinogenesis.In this report,we briefly review findings from relevant animal studies on this topic.Animal models of gastric hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia provide evidence hypergastrinaemia is a common causative factor in many otherwise diverse settings.In all species where sufficient hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia have been induced,a proportion of the animals develop malignant lesions in the gastric oxyntic mucosa.
文摘Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the dose distribution and dose volume histogram (DVH) of the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) among conventional radiation therapy (CR), three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT), two-step intensity-modulated radiation therapy (TS-IMRT) and direct machine parameter optimization intensity-modulated radiation therapy (DMPO-IMRT) after breast-conserving surgery. Methods: For each of 20 randomly chosen patients, 4 plans were designed using 4 irradiation techniques. The prescribed dose was 50 Gy/2 Gy/25 f, 95% of the planning target volume received this dose. The cumulated DVHs and 3D dose distributions of CR, 3DCRT, TS-IMRT and DMPO-IMRT plans were compared. Results: For the homogeneity indices, no statistically significant difference was observed among CR, 3DCRT, TS-IMRT and DMPO-IMRT while the difference of the conformality indices were statistically significant. With regard to the organs at risk, IMRT and 3DCRT showed a significantly fewer exposure dose to the ipsilateral lung than CR in the high-dose area while in the low-dose area, IMRT demonstrated a significant increase of exposure dose to ipsilateral lung, heart and contralateral breast compared with 3DCRT and CR. In addition, the monitor units (MUs) for DMPO-IMRT were approximately 26% more than those of TS-IMRT and the segments of the former were approximately 24% less than those of the latter. Conclusion: Compared with CR, 3DCRT and IMRT improved the homogeneity and conformity of PTV, reduced the irradiated volume of OARs in high dose area but IMRT increased the irradiated volume of OARs in low dose area. DMPO-IMRT plan has fewer delivery time but more MUs than TS-IMRT.
文摘Objective： The aim of our study was to compared non-red wax compensator and adding red wax compensator in the treatment plans of the minimum dose, maximum dose, mean dose and target surface dose, and compare the dose volume histograms （DVH） parameters and isodose distributions of two plans. Methods： From January 2009 to December 2010, 8 patients with superficial head and neck cancer and without surgery treatment were collected. They all confirmed by cancer center, Tianmen First People＇s Hospital. Topslane WiMRT was used to design the treatment plan of non-red wax compensator and adding red wax compensator, with 6 MV photons using three-dimensional conformal irradiation mode design, the prescription dose was 50 Gy/25 times. Results： Compared non-red wax compensator with adding red wax compensator, its target minimum dose （t = -3.157, P 〈 0.05） and the target surface dose sJgnJficantJy improved （t = -0.020, P 〈 0.05）, whJle the target maximum dose （t = -0.140, P 〉 0.05） and mean dose （t = -9.914, P 〉 0.05） were considered no significant difference. Conclusion： The use of U-shaped mask fixed red wax film production in conformal radiotherapy tissue compensator can significantly improve the surface dose and dose distribution superficial planning target volume.
