The currently applied methodology of absolute gassiness forecasting in roadways being driven in Polish hard coal mines is based on the results of investigations frombefore more than twenty years. At present the roadwa...The currently applied methodology of absolute gassiness forecasting in roadways being driven in Polish hard coal mines is based on the results of investigations frombefore more than twenty years. At present the roadways are being driven in majority ofcases in quite different conditions than those which had been the subject of the said investigations. The application of 'old' methods of forecasting of methane emission during driving of roadways often brings about great discrepancies between the results of the forecasts and actual situation. It is firstly necessary to determine a potential set of factorswhich exert an influence on situation regarding methane emission into roadways beingdriven in order to prepare a verified mathematical model of absolute gassiness forecastingOn the basis of available literature and the investigations conducted by the Central MiningInstitute an initial list of factors has been prepared which can have an impact upon methane emission into roadways being driven. The assumptions of heuristic method have beentaken advantage of for selection of parameters and indices describing the phenomenon ofmethane emission. It has been dictated by the fact that the available literature is lacking apretty unambiguous viewpoint on the subject under consideration and at the same time itis necessary to perform an a priori assessment of the information contained in a givenfeature (factor). A prepared initial set has been scrutinized to be verified on the basis of aconducted expert survey among seventy specialists in this field. After collecting of the results of the survey their statistical elaboration was prepared. The co-efficient of agreementof multiple ordering, the so called concordance co-efficient has been taken advantage of inorder to check the competency of experts. The investigations prove that the experts are inagreement in their opinions. The estimation of a collective assessment of all participants ofthe survey was conducted with the use of the rank sum's test by J. Gren, The results ofthe conducted analysis allowed determining a potential set of factors which influence thesituation of methane emission into roadways being driven. This set, after conductance offurther detailed investigations, can constitute a base for elaboration of a function describ-ing methane emission into roadways being driven in hard coal mines.展开更多
During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organ...During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organic input. Considering the need for efficient biogas plant, SOWMS （solid organic waste managing system） has been designed and implemented on a trial basis by constructing community bin at ward number 4 of Gothatar VDC, Nepal. When composition of output biogas from the SOWMS was tested for five times, at different days, the average composition of gas was 55% methane and 35% carbon dioxide. The gas produced from 1 kg of waste is calculated to be 45 liters and pH value of slurry was found to be 7.8. These values indicate that designed system has good performance and that it can be optimized in the future research. Finally, this research work has some social implications that can have potential impact to uplift the society.展开更多
To clarify the effect of exposure to methane fermentation on the survival of seeds of Rumexobtusifolius L. contained in dairy slurry, the percentage of seed germination was observed after the mesophilic （35 ℃） and ...To clarify the effect of exposure to methane fermentation on the survival of seeds of Rumexobtusifolius L. contained in dairy slurry, the percentage of seed germination was observed after the mesophilic （35 ℃） and thermophilic （55 ℃） methane fermentation. The number of survival seed was 0% at 55 ℃, 81.6% at 35 ℃ from methane fermentation, and 0% at 55℃, 75.5% at 35 ℃ after heat treatment. The survival rate of the seeds in methane fermentation was similar to heat treatment at 35 ℃. However, in the investigation of seed status, the number of primary and secondary dormant seeds was higher than after heat treatment. This result suggests that since Rumexobtusifolius L. seeds survive in dormant state in mesophilic methane fermentation, the usage of manure as fertilizer need to be considered.展开更多
文摘The currently applied methodology of absolute gassiness forecasting in roadways being driven in Polish hard coal mines is based on the results of investigations frombefore more than twenty years. At present the roadways are being driven in majority ofcases in quite different conditions than those which had been the subject of the said investigations. The application of 'old' methods of forecasting of methane emission during driving of roadways often brings about great discrepancies between the results of the forecasts and actual situation. It is firstly necessary to determine a potential set of factorswhich exert an influence on situation regarding methane emission into roadways beingdriven in order to prepare a verified mathematical model of absolute gassiness forecastingOn the basis of available literature and the investigations conducted by the Central MiningInstitute an initial list of factors has been prepared which can have an impact upon methane emission into roadways being driven. The assumptions of heuristic method have beentaken advantage of for selection of parameters and indices describing the phenomenon ofmethane emission. It has been dictated by the fact that the available literature is lacking apretty unambiguous viewpoint on the subject under consideration and at the same time itis necessary to perform an a priori assessment of the information contained in a givenfeature (factor). A prepared initial set has been scrutinized to be verified on the basis of aconducted expert survey among seventy specialists in this field. After collecting of the results of the survey their statistical elaboration was prepared. The co-efficient of agreementof multiple ordering, the so called concordance co-efficient has been taken advantage of inorder to check the competency of experts. The investigations prove that the experts are inagreement in their opinions. The estimation of a collective assessment of all participants ofthe survey was conducted with the use of the rank sum's test by J. Gren, The results ofthe conducted analysis allowed determining a potential set of factors which influence thesituation of methane emission into roadways being driven. This set, after conductance offurther detailed investigations, can constitute a base for elaboration of a function describ-ing methane emission into roadways being driven in hard coal mines.
文摘During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organic input. Considering the need for efficient biogas plant, SOWMS （solid organic waste managing system） has been designed and implemented on a trial basis by constructing community bin at ward number 4 of Gothatar VDC, Nepal. When composition of output biogas from the SOWMS was tested for five times, at different days, the average composition of gas was 55% methane and 35% carbon dioxide. The gas produced from 1 kg of waste is calculated to be 45 liters and pH value of slurry was found to be 7.8. These values indicate that designed system has good performance and that it can be optimized in the future research. Finally, this research work has some social implications that can have potential impact to uplift the society.
文摘To clarify the effect of exposure to methane fermentation on the survival of seeds of Rumexobtusifolius L. contained in dairy slurry, the percentage of seed germination was observed after the mesophilic （35 ℃） and thermophilic （55 ℃） methane fermentation. The number of survival seed was 0% at 55 ℃, 81.6% at 35 ℃ from methane fermentation, and 0% at 55℃, 75.5% at 35 ℃ after heat treatment. The survival rate of the seeds in methane fermentation was similar to heat treatment at 35 ℃. However, in the investigation of seed status, the number of primary and secondary dormant seeds was higher than after heat treatment. This result suggests that since Rumexobtusifolius L. seeds survive in dormant state in mesophilic methane fermentation, the usage of manure as fertilizer need to be considered.
