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火花点火沼气机燃烧室改进的模拟实验研究 被引量:3
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作者 陈泽智 金萍 陈勇 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 1999年第1期14-17,共4页
采用快速压缩膨胀机对2135型火花点火沼气发动机的燃烧室进行了模拟研究,结果表明:所模拟的燃烧过程存在着急燃期中压力升高率较低、后燃比较严重的情况;通过采取增大压缩比、采用湍流型燃烧室的措施,可改善发动机的燃烧过程。... 采用快速压缩膨胀机对2135型火花点火沼气发动机的燃烧室进行了模拟研究,结果表明:所模拟的燃烧过程存在着急燃期中压力升高率较低、后燃比较严重的情况;通过采取增大压缩比、采用湍流型燃烧室的措施,可改善发动机的燃烧过程。将以上结果应用在2135型火花点火沼气发动机上,取得了很好的效果。 展开更多
关键词 内燃 燃烧室 模拟 沼气机 火花点火
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沼气机热泵复合式空调系统数值计算与能耗分析 被引量:4
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作者 徐振军 杨昭 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第9期118-121,共4页
沼气机热泵空调是以农用沼气并辅少量电力作为能源输入,向室内提供冷量或者热量的系统。建立了换热器数学模型、喷水室数学模型、一次回风式空调数学模型,并且定义了评价沼气机热泵空调系统性能的一次能源利用率。通过模型求解,比较了... 沼气机热泵空调是以农用沼气并辅少量电力作为能源输入,向室内提供冷量或者热量的系统。建立了换热器数学模型、喷水室数学模型、一次回风式空调数学模型,并且定义了评价沼气机热泵空调系统性能的一次能源利用率。通过模型求解,比较了沼气机热泵空调和普通电动热泵空调的能耗情况。结果显示:制冷工况下,沼气机热泵复合式空调系统利用系统余热来实现空气的再热,可达到消除室内余热余湿的目的。系统总的一次能耗最大节能75%。制热工况下,首先通过换热器进行预热,然后通过喷系统热水,进行热湿处理。系统总的一次能耗最大节能71%。沼气机热泵增加了湿处理功能,扩大了沼气机热泵的应用范围。 展开更多
关键词 沼气机热泵 空调系统 热湿处理 数值计算 能耗分析
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基于LFG的沼气机热泵系统配置与实验研究 被引量:3
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作者 吴集迎 马益民 《化工学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第S2期208-214,共7页
探讨了以垃圾填埋气(LFG)为燃料的沼气机热泵节能系统的设备配置,分析了LFG的收集及净化流程。通过搭建实验装置,进行了系统性能测试。实验结果表明:当沼气机在额定转速的70%~90%区间运行时,虽然系统总供热量不是最大,但排烟余热回收率... 探讨了以垃圾填埋气(LFG)为燃料的沼气机热泵节能系统的设备配置,分析了LFG的收集及净化流程。通过搭建实验装置,进行了系统性能测试。实验结果表明:当沼气机在额定转速的70%~90%区间运行时,虽然系统总供热量不是最大,但排烟余热回收率相对较高,系统能源利用率最高。与其他供热系统相比,沼气机热泵可明显减少化石燃料的消耗,显著提高供热能力,是一种可再生能源综合利用的节能方式。 展开更多
关键词 LFG 沼气机热泵 性能实验 排烟余热回收 节能
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城市污水处理厂沼气机热泵的应用 被引量:1
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作者 吴集迎 《集美大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2008年第4期350-354,共5页
分析了城市污水处理厂余热能回收利用的可行性及应用方式,研究了以污水处理过程中产出的沼气驱动沼气机热泵的节能与环保作用,并做系统构建与经济性的计算.结果表明:与燃煤锅炉、燃气锅炉以及电动热泵相比,以污水厂产出沼气为燃料,输入... 分析了城市污水处理厂余热能回收利用的可行性及应用方式,研究了以污水处理过程中产出的沼气驱动沼气机热泵的节能与环保作用,并做系统构建与经济性的计算.结果表明:与燃煤锅炉、燃气锅炉以及电动热泵相比,以污水厂产出沼气为燃料,输入功率为500 kW的沼气机热泵,按年运行300 d计,可分别节约标准煤450 t、天然气27.7万m3以及用电量68.2万kW.h,一年半即可收回沼气机热泵的先期投入费.因此,城市污水处理厂利用产出沼气驱动热泵以回收污水中余热能,是一种资源有效利用的节能方式,具有显著的经济效益与环保效益. 展开更多
关键词 沼气机热泵 污水处理 余热能回收利用
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沼气机驱动的风冷热泵系统变工况性能 被引量:4
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作者 吴集迎 马益民 曹文胜 《化工学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第8期3789-3796,共8页
为高效利用沼气资源并减轻环境污染,构建了基于沼气机驱动的风冷热泵能源综合利用实验装置,重点研究了蒸发温度、冷却水量、沼气机转速等参数对系统性能的影响。实验测试结果表明:冷凝器总负荷随蒸发温度及冷却水量的增加而增大,但增幅... 为高效利用沼气资源并减轻环境污染,构建了基于沼气机驱动的风冷热泵能源综合利用实验装置,重点研究了蒸发温度、冷却水量、沼气机转速等参数对系统性能的影响。实验测试结果表明:冷凝器总负荷随蒸发温度及冷却水量的增加而增大,但增幅较小;回收的沼气机余热随蒸发温度的升高而降低,但降幅较小,通过增大冷却水量可以提高沼气机余热的回收率,同时也增大了系统总供热量;冷却水量对系统性能系数(COP)的影响不具有单调性,在同一工况下,存在一个最佳冷却水量;冷却水量对系统一次能源利用率(PER)的影响幅度不同,冷却水量大时,PER的增幅反而较小。实验工况下,系统COP最高可达5.15,PER最高可达1.68。 展开更多
关键词 再生能源 热力学过程 沼气机 性能实验 蒸发温度 冷却水量
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沼气发电在国内的发展 被引量:13
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作者 王世逵 《中国沼气》 1997年第4期40-42,共3页
沼气发电在国内的发展王世逵(四川省农业机械研究设计院610066)沼气作为农村生活燃料已为人们所接受,沼气作为发动机燃料,直接驱动加工作业机具和发电机以代替石油,在我国70年代就开始受到国家的重视,成为一个重要的课题... 沼气发电在国内的发展王世逵(四川省农业机械研究设计院610066)沼气作为农村生活燃料已为人们所接受,沼气作为发动机燃料,直接驱动加工作业机具和发电机以代替石油,在我国70年代就开始受到国家的重视,成为一个重要的课题被提出来。到80年代中期我国已有上... 展开更多
关键词 沼气发电 中国 发展 沼气机
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农村家用沼气发电研究 被引量:1
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作者 杨晓宇 李岩 《农村能源》 1991年第6期30-31,共2页
一、沼气的理化特性及发电原理沼气是由多种气体组成的混合气体,它的主要成分为甲烷和二氧化碳,甲烷成分约占60%~70%,二氧化碳成分约占30%~40%。沼气中还含有少量的硫化氢、氮、氧、氢等气体,约占总含量的5%。沼气中的主要可燃成分为... 一、沼气的理化特性及发电原理沼气是由多种气体组成的混合气体,它的主要成分为甲烷和二氧化碳,甲烷成分约占60%~70%,二氧化碳成分约占30%~40%。沼气中还含有少量的硫化氢、氮、氧、氢等气体,约占总含量的5%。沼气中的主要可燃成分为甲烷,甲烷在空气中遇火就能燃烧,转变成二氧化碳和水,并放出8%kJ/M 热量,其化学反应方程式为: 展开更多
关键词 农村 沼气机 家用 沼气发电
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Mechanism of CO_2 enhanced CBM recovery in China: a review 被引量:18
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作者 QIN Yong 《Journal of China University of Mining and Technology》 EI 2008年第3期406-412,共7页
Permeability of coal reservoirs in China is in general low. Injection of CO2 into coal seams is one of the potential ap-proaches for enhancing coalbed methane (CBM) production. The feasibility of this technology has b... Permeability of coal reservoirs in China is in general low. Injection of CO2 into coal seams is one of the potential ap-proaches for enhancing coalbed methane (CBM) production. The feasibility of this technology has been investigated in China since the 1990s. Advances in mechanism of CO2 enhanced CBM recovery (CO2-ECBM) in China are reviewed in light of certain aspects, such as the competitive multi-component gas adsorption, sorption-induced coal swelling/shrinkage and its potential effect on CBM production and numerical simulation for CO2-ECBM recovery. Newer investigations for improving the technology are discussed. It is suggested that a comprehensive feasibility demonstration in terms of geology, technology, economics and environment-carrying capacity is necessary for a successful application of the technology for CBM recovery in China. The demonstration should be car-ried out after more investigations into such facets as the control of coal components and structure to a competitive multi-component-gas adsorption, the behavior and essence of super-critical adsorption by coal of gas, environmental and safe feasi-bility of coal mining after CO2 injection and more extensive pilot tests for CO2-ECBM recovery. 展开更多
关键词 coatbed methane CO2 injection enhanced recovery MECHANISM FEASIBILITY
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Effect of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Methane Emission from Paddy Soil and Rice Growth 被引量:1
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作者 LIUKEXING LIAOZHONGWEN 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1997年第4期379-382,共4页
关键词 fertilizer effect methane emission organic-inorganic fertilizer RICE
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Plateau Marsh Methane Oxidation as affected by Inorganic N
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作者 WANGZhi-Ping DUANYi +2 位作者 YANGJu-Rong LILing-Hao HANXing-Guo 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第2期195-204,共10页
In a series of laboratory incubations using soils of two contrasting sitesfrom a temperate marsh on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, potential methane (CH_4) oxidation rates weremeasured to study the effects of inorganic N ... In a series of laboratory incubations using soils of two contrasting sitesfrom a temperate marsh on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, potential methane (CH_4) oxidation rates weremeasured to study the effects of inorganic N inputs on CH_4 oxidation. For adrained site, subsurfacepeat (5--15 cm) at an initial 20 mu L CH_4 L^(-1) showed a significantly different (P < 0.05) CH_4oxidation rate compared to other soil depths, with a maximal rate of 20.9 ng CH_4 gDW (dryweight)^(-1) h^(-1); the underlying mineral soil layers (15--30 and 30--50 cm) also had a strongCH_4 oxidation capacity at about an initial 2 000 mu L CH_4 L^(-1). With a waterlogged site, theCH_4 oxidation rate in an aerobic incubation was significantly greater (P < 0 05) in the surfacesoil layer (0--5 cm) compared to the 15--30 and 30--50 cm depths. There was generally no or a veryweak effect from addition of NO_3^- on CH_4 oxidation. In marked contrast, NH_4^+ salts, such as(NH_4)_2SO_4, NH_4Cl and NH_4NO_3, exhibited strong inhibitions, which varied as a function of theadded salts and the initial CH_4 level Increasing NH_4^+ usually resulted in greater inhibition andincreasing initial CH_4 concentrations resulted in less NH_4^+ inhibition on CH4 oxidation innatural high-altitude, low-latitude wetlands could be as important as has been reported foragricultural and forest soils. The NH_4^+ effects on the CH_4 oxidation rate need to be furtherinvestigated in a wide range of natural wetland soil types. 展开更多
关键词 AMMONIUM INHIBITION inorganic N methane oxidation plateau marsh
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The Possibilities of Bioenergy Production from Whey
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作者 S. Beszedes Z. Laszlo G. Szabo C. Hodur 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology》 2010年第1期62-68,共7页
The wastes and the by-products of food industrial technologies are suitable for bioenergy generating because of the high organic matter content. Anaerobic digestion is the eldest technology for waste stabilization and... The wastes and the by-products of food industrial technologies are suitable for bioenergy generating because of the high organic matter content. Anaerobic digestion is the eldest technology for waste stabilization and however by controlled decomposition a high value and marketable energy source can be produced. Whey is normally used as a component of dairy products or as an additive for food product. In our work we focused on another utilization method: biogas generating from membrane separated fractions i.e.: permeate and concentrate of whey. The effect of the pH, thermal, microwave pre-treatment and their combinations on the biogas yield were investigated. Our results showed that the applied pre-treatments had significant effect on biogas production. In consequence of the hydrolysis of large molecules the biodegradability of the pre-treated whey fractions was enhanced, therefore the biogas and methane production yield increased significantly. 展开更多
关键词 BIOGAS METHANE WHEY thermal pretreatments microwave.
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Simulation of Biogas Production from Solid Organic Wastes
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作者 Ignacio Contreras-Andrade Jonathan Parra-Santiago Carlos Alberto Guerrero-Fajardo 《Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering》 2015年第2期107-112,共6页
The design and building of new alternative fuel plants is an increasing necessity to replace old technology and non-renewable fossil fuels. To optimize the performance of these plants and to obtain an economically fea... The design and building of new alternative fuel plants is an increasing necessity to replace old technology and non-renewable fossil fuels. To optimize the performance of these plants and to obtain an economically feasible production of these types of fuels, it is necessary to have a total control of each variable involved in the process of production and how these factors affect the yield of fuel production. In this paper it is proposed a model of a digester to generate gas using a Vensim software designed to generate simulations in dynamic state. This simulation was developed using differential equations to model the behavior at each stage of the process and auxiliary conditions to complement the mathematical description of the model. The main factors in the biogas production are the retention time and the methanogen mortality ratio. For retention time lower than 10 h the process loses effectiveness due to bacterial growth is not completed efficiently, but a high retention time involves a bigger reactor and the yield of production decreases considerably for retention time higher than 40 h. The best yields were obtained for a mortality ratio in methanogen and acidogenic bacteria lower than 0.2 and a retention time of 30 h with a final production of 3.33 L by each kilogram of biomass. 展开更多
关键词 Bio-digester bio-digestion gas synthesis renewable energy.
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Apparatus Prototype for Purposes of Teaching in Bio-digesters
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作者 Martin Trinidad Martinez Garcia Jose Luis Magana Ramirez Rodrigo Mauricio Rodriguez Cuellar 《Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering》 2014年第8期834-840,共7页
A mathematical model is developed based on a simplified mechanism of anaerobic digestion. The main objective is to quantitatively analyze the digestion process to optimize operating conditions and maintenance of this ... A mathematical model is developed based on a simplified mechanism of anaerobic digestion. The main objective is to quantitatively analyze the digestion process to optimize operating conditions and maintenance of this equipment, which could be used to test different materials and be able to apply these results to the possible scaling to bio-digesters installed in the field. The experiments were carried out in a hybrid system bio-digester photovoltaic cells. The bio-digester is made of stainless steel with dimensions to treat an average of 10 kg of raw material and produce biogas from different organic materials. The reactor has been conditioned with temperature sensors, pressure and methane gas that allow monitoring the concentration of the gas and the conditions of operation during the time of digestion. The system has a photovoltaic array to provide the energy required to keep the temperature constant, The experiment was conducted using materials such as goat manure mixed with household waste, and various formulations of these materials were prepared. The experimental results were used to test the mathematical model. 展开更多
关键词 Biodigester anaerobic digestion methane production biomass treatment.
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Research Paper on Design and Implementation of Solid Organic Waste Managing System
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作者 Ramesh Prasad Dahal 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2017年第3期133-140,共8页
During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organ... During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organic input. Considering the need for efficient biogas plant, SOWMS (solid organic waste managing system) has been designed and implemented on a trial basis by constructing community bin at ward number 4 of Gothatar VDC, Nepal. When composition of output biogas from the SOWMS was tested for five times, at different days, the average composition of gas was 55% methane and 35% carbon dioxide. The gas produced from 1 kg of waste is calculated to be 45 liters and pH value of slurry was found to be 7.8. These values indicate that designed system has good performance and that it can be optimized in the future research. Finally, this research work has some social implications that can have potential impact to uplift the society. 展开更多
关键词 BIOGAS SOWMS DIGESTER LEACHATE SLURRY dome.
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Biogas Production from Organic Wastes to Promote Satisfying EU Requirements
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作者 Valeria Nagy 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2013年第4期223-228,共6页
Producing of renewable energy--as well in world as in national context--was necessitated by the synergistic effect of the climate change and the long term, continuous price rise of the fossil energy carriers. Main rea... Producing of renewable energy--as well in world as in national context--was necessitated by the synergistic effect of the climate change and the long term, continuous price rise of the fossil energy carriers. Main reasons for the spread of renewable energy sources are to increase the security of the energy supply or in optimal case, to realize the total energy independence. Furthermore, numerous studies demonstrate that production and also utilization of biofuels--including the organic waste-based fuels--are environmentally sustainable and have positive impact for the security of energy supply. This paper deals with production of biogas (from agricultural organic wastes) for energy. The production of biogas and the other biofuels will help you find the balance in agriculture because they can be generated from biomass, agricultural wastes and non-food plant material. In addition to the objective of saving emissions, EU biofuels policy aims to ensure the necessary energy and to decrease unemployment. So this paper would like to contribute to the EU requirements through the research. The producing system can be expansible by utilization of other organic material, so it is supported the efficient operation. 展开更多
关键词 Agricultural organic wastes biogas production energy criteria sustainable criteria.
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Influence of Soil Organic Carbon on Greenhouse Gas Emission Potential After Application of Biogas Residues or Cattle Slurry:Results from a Pot Experiment 被引量:2
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作者 gawan heintze tim eickenscheidt +1 位作者 urs schmidhalter matthias drsler 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第5期807-821,共15页
A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot ... A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate the high-risk situation of enhanced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions following organic fertilizer application in energy maize cultivation. We hypothesized that cattle slurry application enhanced CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to biogas digestate because of the overall higher carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) input, and that higher levels of CO2 and N20 emissions could be expected by increasing soil organic C (SOC) and N contents. Biogas digestate and cattle slurry, at a rate of 150 kg NH+-N ha-1, were incorporated into 3 soil types with low, medium, and high SOC contents (Cambisol, Mollic Gleysol, and Sapric Histosol, termed Clow, Cmedium, and Chigh, respectively). The GHG exchange (CO2, CH4, and N20) was measured on 5 replicates over a period of 22 d using the closed chamber technique. The application of cattle slurry resulted in significantly higher CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to the application of biogas digestate. No differences were observed in CH4 exchange, which was close to zero for all treatments. Significantly higher CO2 emissions were observed in Chigh compared to the other two soil types, whereas the highest N20 emissions were observed in Cmedium. Thus, the results demonstrate the importance of soil type-adapted fertilization with respect to changing soil physical and environmental conditions. 展开更多
关键词 C mineralization energy maize mineral soil N mineralization organic fertilization PEATLAND
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