DPSIR框架与沿海地区生态承载力研究——以象山港为例

海湾由于其独特的地理位置与环境特征,在区域经济、社会发展中具有非常重要的地位。而区域人类活动以及自然因素又会对海湾的生态与环境条件产生深刻的影响。如何使区域经济社会发展不超过海湾生态系统的承载力,实现区域整体的可持续发展,是一项非常重要的课题。DPSIR框架模型具有综合性、系统性、整体性的特点,整合了社会、经济、生态与环境等因素,着重于经济社会与环境的相互影响、彼此联系,能有效反映驱动力因素与环境变化之间的因果关系,为区域可持续发展提供了新的思路和方法。本研究以DPSIR框架与生态系统承载力相关理论为基础,以浙江省宁波市象山港为研究实例,在已有研究成果的基础上,结合区域经济、社会与自然条件,构建了适用于海湾生态系统综合承载力分析的指标体系。在众多的指标中,根据象山港实际情况,结合社会-经济-自然复合生态系统理论,对象山港海洋水环境现状进行了分析。结果表明,2014年至2019年象山港海域水环境承载力尚处于可载状态,围绕0.85上下波动,但显示出一定的上升趋势。而如果要完整反映区域综合承载力,则需要在所有指标分析的基础上,进行综合。同时要厘清不同指标之间的相互关联,是叠加、协同还是拮抗作用,以及其作用机制。因此,未来海湾综合承载力的评估,还应该在犁清不同因子之间的关联的基础上,通过系统建模,进行综合分析。

An Integrated Coastal Zone Management （ICZM） Project： CoastLearn in Black Sea （CLBS）

The importance attached to the need for sustainable development in the coastal areas is increasing. A management plan is required to minimize the environmental destruction resulting from the complexity of the property in coastal areas, of human activities and of natural systems and to utilize the coastal resources effectively. The utilization of coasts, besides becoming very important particularly in views of tourism, has faced pressures caused by huge. These areas are mostly self-contradictory demands for the environmental protection. The project is an EU Life Long Learning Programme Project and the project duration is 24 months. The aim of the CoastLearn in Black Sea （CLBS） is to mobilize the human resources in the tourism and coastal management sector in Black Sea in general and notably Sinop, Varna and Constanta by raising awareness among the local decision making mechanisms of the integrated coastal zone management in order to encourage people to utilize the coastal resources in a coherent and balanced way.