施肥与覆膜等农田管理措施能够改变土壤的物理化学性质,这直接影响着驱动氨氧化过程的氨氧化微生物,而氨氧化过程是硝化作用的限速步骤'以沈阳农业大学棕壤长期施肥与覆膜试验站为平台,采用荧光定量PCR技术,研究了5种施肥制度下[不...施肥与覆膜等农田管理措施能够改变土壤的物理化学性质,这直接影响着驱动氨氧化过程的氨氧化微生物,而氨氧化过程是硝化作用的限速步骤'以沈阳农业大学棕壤长期施肥与覆膜试验站为平台,采用荧光定量PCR技术,研究了5种施肥制度下[不施肥(CK)、氮肥(N)、氮磷肥(NP)、有机肥(M)和有机无机配施(MNP)]土壤细菌、泉古菌和氨氧化微生物数量的变化。结果表明,不同施肥处理细菌、泉古菌、氨氧化细菌和氨氧化古菌的基因拷贝数平均值分别为0.52X109-4.20 x 10\2.14 x 108~9.69 x 10\0.21 x 107~6.89 x 107和0.26 x 107~74.70 x 107 copies g-'干土。与CK相比,有机肥处理(M、MNP)能显著增加土壤细菌的丰度,化肥处理(N、NP)则相反;施肥尤其是化肥处理(N、NP)均能降低泉古菌和氨氧化古菌的丰度;有机肥处理(M、MNP)显著增加了氨氧化细菌的丰度。细菌、泉古菌、氨氧化细菌和氨氧化古菌丰度均与pH值存在显著正相关关系(P<0.05),细菌和氨氧化细菌丰度则主要受全碳含量的影响,而细菌、泉古菌和氨氧化细菌丰度与钱态氮、硝态氮含量存在极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)o研究结果可为进一步探讨农田生态系统中氨氧化微生物对不同管理措施的响应机制及其在氮素转化中的作用提供科学依据。展开更多
In this study, a comparative analysis of the codon usage bias was performed in Aeropyrum pernix K1 and two other phylogenetically related Crenarchaeota microorganisms （i.e., Pyrobaculum aerophilum str. IM2 and Sulfol...In this study, a comparative analysis of the codon usage bias was performed in Aeropyrum pernix K1 and two other phylogenetically related Crenarchaeota microorganisms （i.e., Pyrobaculum aerophilum str. IM2 and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639）. The results indicated that the synonymous codon usage in A. pernix K1 was less biased, which was highly correlated with the GC3s value. The codon usage patterns were phylogenetically conserved among these Crenarchaeota microorganisms. Comparatively, it is the species function rather than the gene function that determines their gene codon usage patterns. A. pernix K1, P. aerophilum str. IM2, and S. acidocaldarius DSM 639 live in differently extreme conditions. It is presumed that the hving environment played an important role in determining the codon usage pattern of these microorganisms. Besides, there was no strain-specific codon usage among these microorganisms. The extent of codon bias in A. pernix K1 and S. acidocaldarius DSM 639 were highly correlated with the gene expression level, but no such association was detected in P. aerophilum str. IM2 genomes.展开更多
文摘施肥与覆膜等农田管理措施能够改变土壤的物理化学性质,这直接影响着驱动氨氧化过程的氨氧化微生物,而氨氧化过程是硝化作用的限速步骤'以沈阳农业大学棕壤长期施肥与覆膜试验站为平台,采用荧光定量PCR技术,研究了5种施肥制度下[不施肥(CK)、氮肥(N)、氮磷肥(NP)、有机肥(M)和有机无机配施(MNP)]土壤细菌、泉古菌和氨氧化微生物数量的变化。结果表明,不同施肥处理细菌、泉古菌、氨氧化细菌和氨氧化古菌的基因拷贝数平均值分别为0.52X109-4.20 x 10\2.14 x 108~9.69 x 10\0.21 x 107~6.89 x 107和0.26 x 107~74.70 x 107 copies g-'干土。与CK相比,有机肥处理(M、MNP)能显著增加土壤细菌的丰度,化肥处理(N、NP)则相反;施肥尤其是化肥处理(N、NP)均能降低泉古菌和氨氧化古菌的丰度;有机肥处理(M、MNP)显著增加了氨氧化细菌的丰度。细菌、泉古菌、氨氧化细菌和氨氧化古菌丰度均与pH值存在显著正相关关系(P<0.05),细菌和氨氧化细菌丰度则主要受全碳含量的影响,而细菌、泉古菌和氨氧化细菌丰度与钱态氮、硝态氮含量存在极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)o研究结果可为进一步探讨农田生态系统中氨氧化微生物对不同管理措施的响应机制及其在氮素转化中的作用提供科学依据。
基金The work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60121101).
文摘In this study, a comparative analysis of the codon usage bias was performed in Aeropyrum pernix K1 and two other phylogenetically related Crenarchaeota microorganisms （i.e., Pyrobaculum aerophilum str. IM2 and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639）. The results indicated that the synonymous codon usage in A. pernix K1 was less biased, which was highly correlated with the GC3s value. The codon usage patterns were phylogenetically conserved among these Crenarchaeota microorganisms. Comparatively, it is the species function rather than the gene function that determines their gene codon usage patterns. A. pernix K1, P. aerophilum str. IM2, and S. acidocaldarius DSM 639 live in differently extreme conditions. It is presumed that the hving environment played an important role in determining the codon usage pattern of these microorganisms. Besides, there was no strain-specific codon usage among these microorganisms. The extent of codon bias in A. pernix K1 and S. acidocaldarius DSM 639 were highly correlated with the gene expression level, but no such association was detected in P. aerophilum str. IM2 genomes.
