The foundational and survival principles of all religions are shrouded in rituals, narratives, origin-stories, cultic practices, casuistries, taboos, mythical figures and institutions of authority. However, through ou...The foundational and survival principles of all religions are shrouded in rituals, narratives, origin-stories, cultic practices, casuistries, taboos, mythical figures and institutions of authority. However, through out history, religions have been threatened by politico-military and religious aggressions from other peoples, by heterodoxies, alternative origin-stories, practices and beliefs. These threats became unprecedented with the advent of Modernity. Faced with these destabilizing agents, they resorted to citing textual authorities, strengthening their institutions, giving leaders more powers, precisely defining belief commitments, punishing heretics and using violence against heterodoxies. Consequently, in their obsessive quest for preserving the sanctity of their faiths against modern threats, religions or section of a religion adopted both revival and resistant measures. Fundamentalism thus developed within these contexts. This paper intends to reveal that religious militancy and militarism are ramifications of Fundamentalism. It argues that Modernity＇s destabilizing agents to religions and religions＇ passionate desire for self-protective steps, militant or militaristic, yield to the phenomenon of Fundamentalism. Secondary sources were used to assemble the data while analytical and comparative approaches with empirical emphases on Christianity and Islam were used to weave the findings with the finality that militant or militaristic, Fundamentalism is religions＇ obsessive response to Modernity,展开更多
In Malaysia, the Islamic commercial institutions were established under respective legislations which contain express term on their status as a body corporate. Examples of these institutions are Islamic banks, zakah i...In Malaysia, the Islamic commercial institutions were established under respective legislations which contain express term on their status as a body corporate. Examples of these institutions are Islamic banks, zakah institutions, Pilgrimage Board and Islamic insurance （takaful） companies. In 1998, Johor Corporation （JCorp） initiated a corporate waqf entity known as Waqaf An-Nur Corporation Berhad （WANCorp）. In 2011, Majlis Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan （MAIWP） collaborated with Tabung Haji to develop a Class AWaqf building leased to Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad （BIMB）. The developments in waqf involving corporate entities are worth to be analyzed in order to create a new framework of waqf practice. This paper deliberated the attributes of corporations under the Malaysian law and compares them with the principles of Islamic law （Shari＇ah）. For the purpose of discussion, this paper refers to WANCorp and Awqaf Holdings as examples ofwaqf corporations in Malaysia.展开更多
This study accentuates the differences in the ways in which Ottoman women, Muslim and non-Muslim, used the Islamic courts. In some regions Ottoman women went to the courts on their own while in others they relied on m...This study accentuates the differences in the ways in which Ottoman women, Muslim and non-Muslim, used the Islamic courts. In some regions Ottoman women went to the courts on their own while in others they relied on male representatives to enter into transactions or litigate on their behalf. Studies treating Islamic court records as uniform in shape and content have offered conflicting conclusions about the status of women in Ottoman society. This study demonstrates that a number of geographic and temporal variations affected women＇s access the courts, significantly affecting their legal status in the period of 1550-1650.展开更多
Retakaful is an arrangement to risk of retention limit funding takaful. Similarly, risk arrangements are operated by reinsurance to insurance funding. But, how is the retakaful legal status in Islamic law and the diff...Retakaful is an arrangement to risk of retention limit funding takaful. Similarly, risk arrangements are operated by reinsurance to insurance funding. But, how is the retakaful legal status in Islamic law and the differences between reinsurance. The objective of this study is to identify the status of the retakaful in Islamic law and identify the differences between reinsurance. The study to found that retakaful is prescribed and an alternative to reinsurance, as well as a method of financial protection against the various risks of the takaful industry in excess of the retention limit, which may occur at any time in accordance with the principles of Sharia. Also in this method of risk arrangements, It is found that there are very significant differences in risk between retakaful and conventional reinsurance.展开更多
Development of Biotechnology has brought a feasibility of the scientific analysis on this biological data and the processing of personal data content within human biological materials. In this sense, it has been recog...Development of Biotechnology has brought a feasibility of the scientific analysis on this biological data and the processing of personal data content within human biological materials. In this sense, it has been recognized as the main principle to protect the privacy of biological data belonging to individual since it can determine genetic makeup of an individual processing of personal data in the biological materials of human origin. Speaking of this context, Islam accepts human as the most dignified creation. This dignity given to human makes biological materials of human origin and human private. Privacy brings immunity. The responsibility to protect the human body has been given to mankind in order not to lose this dignity. This responsibility is not bounded by human＇s own body. It must protect the body privacy of next generation which is the heir of genetic heritage. This study will focus on the reflection of the privacy perception of the Islamic law towards body on the legality of human biological materials usage for research purposes.展开更多
Concomitant increase in the Muslim population of the world and the Muslims significant expenditure for the purpose of travel, the village halal travel is now becoming one of the most alternatives appeal to invite peop...Concomitant increase in the Muslim population of the world and the Muslims significant expenditure for the purpose of travel, the village halal travel is now becoming one of the most alternatives appeal to invite people to visit.This paper is intended to illustrate the potential and the readiness of people to hold lawful tourist village in Sleman Yogyakarta. To obtain a picture in question, some variables are included in this study. It needs some steps in data collection, including the use of collective engagement process involving some＇, stakeholders to provide guidance on the development of rural tourism. Based on the results, this research aL,;o is expected to provide information and approval about sharia-based rural tourism to stakeholders. Respondents of this study are the locals particularly those involved in the business of conventional in the whole tourist villages in the area. Results of the research indicate that most of the villages have infrastructure that badly needs to be improved, lack of human resources skill （technologically backward, not able to communicate through internet, etc.）, and limited understanding of both the people and stakeholders of the villages about the conception of sharia-based tourist village. Implications of the findings are discussed.展开更多
Islam, as a religion, has always been essentially and primarily propagated through Da＇awah （proselytisation） and it would continue to be so up to the end of human existence on this planet. Due to its universal natu...Islam, as a religion, has always been essentially and primarily propagated through Da＇awah （proselytisation） and it would continue to be so up to the end of human existence on this planet. Due to its universal nature, appeal, and guidance, Islam would have to be continuously propagated through proselytisation to all the nooks and crannies of the world particularly in this millennium when more and more people are increasingly becoming engrossed into the worship of democracy. Hence, the need for a paper in which the essential components of Da＇awah lslaamiyyah （Islamic proselytisation）, would be expatiated so that Islamic workers around the globe will rise up to the challenge. Apart from the definition of Da＇awah, the paper will discuss the four foundations of Da＇awah, namely： Ad-Da＇awah ilaa Allah （inviting people to God）, Ad-Daa＇iyah （the proselytiser, the caller, the inviter, or the person who invites people to God）, AI-Mad＇uww [the invitee（s） or person（s） that is/are being invited to God], the AI-Wusao-il wal-Asaaleeb （the means and the methods of invitation to God）, and conclusion.展开更多
This paper describes an equation discovery approach based on machine learning using LAGRAMGE as an equation discovery tool, with two sources of input, a dataset and model presented in context-free grammar. The approac...This paper describes an equation discovery approach based on machine learning using LAGRAMGE as an equation discovery tool, with two sources of input, a dataset and model presented in context-free grammar. The approach is searching a large range of po- tential equations by a specific inodel. The parameters of the equation are fitted to find the best equations. The experiments are illustratedwith commodity prices from the London Metal Exchange for the period of January-October 2009. The outputs of the experiments are a large mumber of equations; some of the equations display that the predicted prices are following the market trends in perfect patterns.展开更多
Investigating the influence of international events on global maritime networks is a challenging task that must comprehensively incorporate geographical, political, and maritime sciences. Understanding global maritime...Investigating the influence of international events on global maritime networks is a challenging task that must comprehensively incorporate geographical, political, and maritime sciences. Understanding global maritime network dynamics is an initial and critical step in this investigation. This study proposes an automatic identification system(AIS)-based approach to understanding maritime network dynamics before and after international events. In this approach, a spatiotemporal modeling method is introduced to measure the similarity in shipping trends before and after international events. Then, a spatiotemporal analytic framework is proposed to understand the maritime network dynamics by grouping similar situation, and assessing possible indirect effects within a network. Finally, three case studies of international events, military conflict, lifted economic sanctions, and government elections, were used to investigate the observed network dynamics possibly affected by international events. The results indicate that container, tanker, and bulk shipping between India and its connected countries all declined more than 69% after military conflicts between India and Pakistan in August 2015. Tanker shipping between Iran and the United Arab Emirates increased 51% after economic sanctions on Iran were lifted. Container shipping between Sri Lanka and Singapore, Malaysia, and India increased more than 74% after the general election in Sri Lanka. These investigations demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in assessing the possible effects of international events on maritime network dynamics.展开更多
文摘The foundational and survival principles of all religions are shrouded in rituals, narratives, origin-stories, cultic practices, casuistries, taboos, mythical figures and institutions of authority. However, through out history, religions have been threatened by politico-military and religious aggressions from other peoples, by heterodoxies, alternative origin-stories, practices and beliefs. These threats became unprecedented with the advent of Modernity. Faced with these destabilizing agents, they resorted to citing textual authorities, strengthening their institutions, giving leaders more powers, precisely defining belief commitments, punishing heretics and using violence against heterodoxies. Consequently, in their obsessive quest for preserving the sanctity of their faiths against modern threats, religions or section of a religion adopted both revival and resistant measures. Fundamentalism thus developed within these contexts. This paper intends to reveal that religious militancy and militarism are ramifications of Fundamentalism. It argues that Modernity＇s destabilizing agents to religions and religions＇ passionate desire for self-protective steps, militant or militaristic, yield to the phenomenon of Fundamentalism. Secondary sources were used to assemble the data while analytical and comparative approaches with empirical emphases on Christianity and Islam were used to weave the findings with the finality that militant or militaristic, Fundamentalism is religions＇ obsessive response to Modernity,
文摘In Malaysia, the Islamic commercial institutions were established under respective legislations which contain express term on their status as a body corporate. Examples of these institutions are Islamic banks, zakah institutions, Pilgrimage Board and Islamic insurance （takaful） companies. In 1998, Johor Corporation （JCorp） initiated a corporate waqf entity known as Waqaf An-Nur Corporation Berhad （WANCorp）. In 2011, Majlis Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan （MAIWP） collaborated with Tabung Haji to develop a Class AWaqf building leased to Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad （BIMB）. The developments in waqf involving corporate entities are worth to be analyzed in order to create a new framework of waqf practice. This paper deliberated the attributes of corporations under the Malaysian law and compares them with the principles of Islamic law （Shari＇ah）. For the purpose of discussion, this paper refers to WANCorp and Awqaf Holdings as examples ofwaqf corporations in Malaysia.
文摘This study accentuates the differences in the ways in which Ottoman women, Muslim and non-Muslim, used the Islamic courts. In some regions Ottoman women went to the courts on their own while in others they relied on male representatives to enter into transactions or litigate on their behalf. Studies treating Islamic court records as uniform in shape and content have offered conflicting conclusions about the status of women in Ottoman society. This study demonstrates that a number of geographic and temporal variations affected women＇s access the courts, significantly affecting their legal status in the period of 1550-1650.
文摘Retakaful is an arrangement to risk of retention limit funding takaful. Similarly, risk arrangements are operated by reinsurance to insurance funding. But, how is the retakaful legal status in Islamic law and the differences between reinsurance. The objective of this study is to identify the status of the retakaful in Islamic law and identify the differences between reinsurance. The study to found that retakaful is prescribed and an alternative to reinsurance, as well as a method of financial protection against the various risks of the takaful industry in excess of the retention limit, which may occur at any time in accordance with the principles of Sharia. Also in this method of risk arrangements, It is found that there are very significant differences in risk between retakaful and conventional reinsurance.
文摘Development of Biotechnology has brought a feasibility of the scientific analysis on this biological data and the processing of personal data content within human biological materials. In this sense, it has been recognized as the main principle to protect the privacy of biological data belonging to individual since it can determine genetic makeup of an individual processing of personal data in the biological materials of human origin. Speaking of this context, Islam accepts human as the most dignified creation. This dignity given to human makes biological materials of human origin and human private. Privacy brings immunity. The responsibility to protect the human body has been given to mankind in order not to lose this dignity. This responsibility is not bounded by human＇s own body. It must protect the body privacy of next generation which is the heir of genetic heritage. This study will focus on the reflection of the privacy perception of the Islamic law towards body on the legality of human biological materials usage for research purposes.
文摘Concomitant increase in the Muslim population of the world and the Muslims significant expenditure for the purpose of travel, the village halal travel is now becoming one of the most alternatives appeal to invite people to visit.This paper is intended to illustrate the potential and the readiness of people to hold lawful tourist village in Sleman Yogyakarta. To obtain a picture in question, some variables are included in this study. It needs some steps in data collection, including the use of collective engagement process involving some＇, stakeholders to provide guidance on the development of rural tourism. Based on the results, this research aL,;o is expected to provide information and approval about sharia-based rural tourism to stakeholders. Respondents of this study are the locals particularly those involved in the business of conventional in the whole tourist villages in the area. Results of the research indicate that most of the villages have infrastructure that badly needs to be improved, lack of human resources skill （technologically backward, not able to communicate through internet, etc.）, and limited understanding of both the people and stakeholders of the villages about the conception of sharia-based tourist village. Implications of the findings are discussed.
文摘Islam, as a religion, has always been essentially and primarily propagated through Da＇awah （proselytisation） and it would continue to be so up to the end of human existence on this planet. Due to its universal nature, appeal, and guidance, Islam would have to be continuously propagated through proselytisation to all the nooks and crannies of the world particularly in this millennium when more and more people are increasingly becoming engrossed into the worship of democracy. Hence, the need for a paper in which the essential components of Da＇awah lslaamiyyah （Islamic proselytisation）, would be expatiated so that Islamic workers around the globe will rise up to the challenge. Apart from the definition of Da＇awah, the paper will discuss the four foundations of Da＇awah, namely： Ad-Da＇awah ilaa Allah （inviting people to God）, Ad-Daa＇iyah （the proselytiser, the caller, the inviter, or the person who invites people to God）, AI-Mad＇uww [the invitee（s） or person（s） that is/are being invited to God], the AI-Wusao-il wal-Asaaleeb （the means and the methods of invitation to God）, and conclusion.
文摘This paper describes an equation discovery approach based on machine learning using LAGRAMGE as an equation discovery tool, with two sources of input, a dataset and model presented in context-free grammar. The approach is searching a large range of po- tential equations by a specific inodel. The parameters of the equation are fitted to find the best equations. The experiments are illustratedwith commodity prices from the London Metal Exchange for the period of January-October 2009. The outputs of the experiments are a large mumber of equations; some of the equations display that the predicted prices are following the market trends in perfect patterns.
基金Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.ZDRW-ZS-2016-6-3The National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2017YFB0503802+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.40971233,No.41771473LIESMARS Special Research Funding
文摘Investigating the influence of international events on global maritime networks is a challenging task that must comprehensively incorporate geographical, political, and maritime sciences. Understanding global maritime network dynamics is an initial and critical step in this investigation. This study proposes an automatic identification system(AIS)-based approach to understanding maritime network dynamics before and after international events. In this approach, a spatiotemporal modeling method is introduced to measure the similarity in shipping trends before and after international events. Then, a spatiotemporal analytic framework is proposed to understand the maritime network dynamics by grouping similar situation, and assessing possible indirect effects within a network. Finally, three case studies of international events, military conflict, lifted economic sanctions, and government elections, were used to investigate the observed network dynamics possibly affected by international events. The results indicate that container, tanker, and bulk shipping between India and its connected countries all declined more than 69% after military conflicts between India and Pakistan in August 2015. Tanker shipping between Iran and the United Arab Emirates increased 51% after economic sanctions on Iran were lifted. Container shipping between Sri Lanka and Singapore, Malaysia, and India increased more than 74% after the general election in Sri Lanka. These investigations demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in assessing the possible effects of international events on maritime network dynamics.
