PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION OF LUGRE FRICTION MODEL FOR FLIGHT SIMULATION SERVO SYSTEM BASED ON ANT COLONY ALGORITHM

In light of the high nonlinearity of LuGre friction model, a novel method based on ant colony algorithm(ACA) for identifying the friction parameters of flight simulation servo system is proposed. ACA is a parallelized bionic optimization algorithm inspired from the behavior of real ants, and a kind of positive feedback mechanism is adopted in ACA. On the basis of brief introduction of LuGre friction model, a method for identifying the static LuGre friction parameters and the dynamic LuGre friction parameters using ACA is derived. Finally, this new friction parameter identification scheme is applied to a electric-driven flight simulation servo system with high precision. Simulation and application results verify the feasibility and the effectiveness of the scheme. It provides a new way to identify the friction parameters of LuGre model.

村官要啥样 村民说说看

村官的级别,充其量也只是个九品以下的官,是我国农村最基层的干部,处在"兵头将尾"的位置.官小但管的事情却不少.上到国家在农村的大政方针的落实,下到每户的家长里短的事情,都要他们来说一说管一管.真可谓上面千条线,村官一线牵.所以村官的作用不能小视.

Different profile of cytokine synthesis according to the severity of acute pancreatitis

AIM: To evaluate the cellular synthetic ability of cytokines involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions in patients with AP.METHODS: Sixty-seven patients with AP (16 severe,51 mild) and 10 controls were included in the study.Cultures of whole blood were performed in samples obtained within the first 72 h from the onset of pain.Serum levels of interleukins (IL) 6, 8, 10, and TNF-α were measured at baseline and in the supernatant of cultures with (functional reserve) or without stimulation with phytohemaglutinin.RESULTS: Basal levels of cytokines were significantly higher in patients with severe AP. A significant increase of all pro-inflammatory cytokines vs basal levels was observed in the supernatant after 24 h of whole blood cultures in patients, but not in controls. In contrast, IL-10 increased significantly in the supernatant of cultures only in patients with mild AP. Cells showed a statistically significant functional reserve for all IL in patients with mild, but only for pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with severe AP.CONCLUSION: A marked activation of immune system may be observed in patients with AP, being balanced between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with mild but not severe AP. A reduced functional reserve for the synthesis of IL-10 may be observed in patients with severe AP, which might lead to a worst prognosis.

He Jie Tang in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients

AIM： To explore the effect of He .lie Tang （decoction for medication） on serum levels of T lymphocyte subsets, NK cell activity and cytokines in chronic hepatitis B patients. METHODS： Eighty-five patients with chronic hepatitis B were divided randomly into two groups. Fifty patients in group I were treated with He .lie Tang （HIT） and 35 patients in group II were treated with combined medication. The levels of T-lymphocyte subsets （CD^3＋, CD^4＋, CD^8＋）, NK cell activity, cytokines （TNF-α, IL-8, sIL-2R） were observed before and after the treatment. Another 20 normal persons served as group 3. RESULTS： The level of CD^4＋ cells and NK cell activity were lower, whereas the level of CD^8＋ cells in patients was higher than that in normal persons （t = 2.685, 3.172, and 2.754 respectively; P〈0.01）. The levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and sIL-2R in chronic hepatitis B patients were higher than those in normal persons （t = 3.526, 3.170, and 2.876 respectively; P〈0.01）. After 6 months of treatment, ALT, AST, and TB levels in the two groups were obviously decreased （t = 3.421, 3.106, and 2.857 respectively; P〈0.01）. The level of CD^4＋ cells and NK cell activity were increased whereas the level of CD^8＋ cells decreased （t = 2.179, 2.423, and 2.677 respectively; P〈0.05） in group I. The levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and sIL- 2R in group I were decreased significantly after the treatment （t = 2.611, 2.275, and 2.480 respectively; P〈0.05） but had no significant difference in groupII after the treatment （t = 1.906, 1.833, and 2.029 respectively; P〉0.05）. The total effective rate had no significant difference between the two groups （X^2 = 2.882, P〉0.05） but the markedly effective rate was significantly different between the two groups （X^2 = 5.340, P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： HIT is effective in treating chronic hepatitis B. HIT seems to exert its effect by improving the cellular immune function and decreasing inflammatory cytokines in chronic hepatitis B patients. The function of HIT in protecting liver function in the process of eliminating virus needs to be further studied.

Cosmopolitan Democracy and Democratic Public Law

Cosmopolitan democracy model is presented by David Held, beyond idealistic perspectives of left and right ideologies, mainly with a legal view, and found a global impact. As a prominent theorist in the field of democracy studies, David Held, by integrating the principle of autonomy in the model of constitutional democracy with the principle of participation in the model of participatory democracy, introduces a novel composition named ＂cosmopolitan democracy＂ that is a conception of democratic legal relations. Held is the first man who seeks to investigate democracy separated from the ideological models in relation to general human rights and identifies main areas of power in human life. He considers totally seven sets of rights necessarily enabling people to enjoy a free and equal participation in setting their communities. These rights include： right to health, welfare rights, cultural rights, civil rights, economic rights, political rights, and the right to enjoy a peaceful livelihood. Held＇s ultimate desire is to realize ideals of cosmopolitan democracy model in the global sphere, beyond the lessons of the West and the East. Through rethinking the theoretical and practical frameworks of this theory in today＇s world, the current paper seeks to study its role in reproducing democratic realism so that it would prepare the ground for the global consensus far from the ideal models.

Ten mg dexrabeprazole daily is as effective as 20 mg dexrabeprazole daily

Ten mg dexrabeprazole daily has been shown to be more effective than 20 mg rabeprazole daily against gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This report shows that the efficacy of 10 mg dexrabeprazole daily is equivalent to that of 20 mg dexrabeprazole daily against GERD. This implies that a dose of 10 mg dexra- beprazole is sufficient to block the maximum amount of proton pumps without any need to double the dose as suggested with rabeprazole.

Single low shear stress results in atherosclerosis in vivo

Objective: Whether single low shear stress can result in atherosclerosis without hyperliposis-diet in vivo or not is unknown. Methods: Based on an electromagnetic blood flow meter and a method to determine the pulsatile shear stress from blood flow rate waveform and its software,we developed an in vivo pulsatile blood flow rate-shear stress determining system.The left external carotid arteries of 20 adult New Zealand white rabbits were ligated and the rabbits were fed with a standard chow for 2,4,8 or 12 weeks,then the common carotid arteries of 2 sides in each rabbit were harvested for morphologic test. Results: The ligation reduced pulsatile shear stress of left common carotid significantly,for example,τ_ mean changed from(21.16±7.17) dynes/cm 2 to(3.13±2.28) dynes/cm 2(p=2.176E-21),meanwhile,the pulsatile shear stress of right common carotid did not change significantly,which lasted more than 12 weeks.Atherosclerotic plaques were found after 8 and 12 weeks in pulsatile-low-shear-stress left(not normal-shear-stress right) common carotid arteries.Conclusion:Single pulsatile low shear stress can result in atherosclerosis.It supports the pulsatile low shear stress(not hypolipidemia) is the key risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Recurrent acute pancreatitis:From the editor

This special issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology contains a number of articles focusing on acute recurrent pancreatitis, a clinical entity that still remains a complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. Recurrent bouts of pancreatitis mainly occur in a gland which shows a normal morphology of both parenchyma and pancreatico-biliary ductal system at the time of diagnosis, when standard investigation is used; however, the introduction of ultrasound endoscopy （EUS） in clinical practice allowed us to identify mild to moderate ductal and parenchymal alterations in a relevant part of these patients, suggesting a chronic process, observed either at the onset of the disease or during the follow-up period. These pancreatic abnormalities can either suggest the presence of an underlying chronic process which evolves over time with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis or can be the consequence of multiple, selflimiting acute inflammatory episodes that induce persistent lesions within the gland with time.

Progress in Drug Therapy for Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma remains incurable with conventional treatments.However,new active drugs,including the immunomodulatory agents,thalidomide and lenalidomide, and the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and NPI-0052,and other targeted therapies,have shown promising anti-myeloma activity.These agents represent a new generation of treatments for multiple myeloma that affect both specific intracellular signaling pathways and the tumor microenvironment.This review therefore focuses on the extensive clinical data available from studies of these drugs in the treatment of newly diagnosed,refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma.

A Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Sports Modernization Based on AHP

In order to improve the modernization level of sports comprehensive evaluation, a comprehensive evaluation method of sports modernization based on analytic hierarchy process （AHP） is proposed. An index analysis model for constructing the comprehensive evaluation of sports modernization is constructed, spatial modeling of information feature distribution is taken based on nonlinear time series analysis method for comprehensive evaluation of sports modernization, control objective function of comprehensive evaluation of sports modernization is constructed by analytic hierarchy process, optimal control parameters is obtained and comprehensive evaluation and optimization of sports modernization are realized. The simulation results show that the method is applied in comprehensive evaluation modem sports, it has performance of high reliability and good accuracy.

Dynamic Web services discovery based on similarity computation

A new approach for dynamic Web services discovery based on similarity computation in the treatment of massive Web information resource is put forward. Firstly, three kinds of service description information, textual, semantic and structural information, were modeled to compute the similarity of services. Then a novel dynamic Web services discovery mechanism was provided and the experiment on it was carried out. Results show that the new approach achieves considerable performance on precision and efficiency metrics for dynamic Web services discovery.

Global Synchronization Design for New Hyperchaotic System

This paper investigates the synchronization and circuit implementation of a new hyperchaotic Lorenz system. This system is generated by controlling a generalized Lorenz system to hyperchaotic by introducing a linear state feedback controller to its scored equation. Global synchronization of the new hyperchaotic systems can be achieved by unidirectonally linear coupled approach, which is illustrated by both numerical simulations and electronic circuit experiments.

Minimally invasive ventriculo-atrial shunt for hydrocephalus

Objective: To study the therapeutic effect of mini-traumatic ventriculo-atrial shunt on hydrocephalus. Methods: Seventeen patients were treated with right internal jugular venepuncture intubation to finish minimally invasive ventriculo-atrial shunt for hydrocephalus. The patients were evaluated by CT/MRI. The catheters were deployed at the proper position in the right atrium under X-ray fluoroscopy.Results: The hydrocephalus in all the 17 patients eliminated with this surgical procedure with a 100% success rate technically. The operational duration ranged from 0.75 to 1.5 h (average: 1 h). Mistaken puncture into the internal carotid artery as a complication occurred on 1 case.Conclusions: The mini-traumatic ventriculo-atrial shunt, as a novel minimal invasion technique, has the advantages of small trauma, no influence on local blood circulation, short time and simplicity at operation, rapid healing, and good short-term effect. Moreover, it is suitable for those patients with organic dysfunction.

Effect of human neural progenitor cells on injured spinal cord

To study whether human neural progenitor cells can differentiate into neural cells in vivo and improve the recovery of injured spinal cord in rats. Methods： Human neural progenitor cells were transplanted into the injured spinal cord and the functional recovery of the rats with spinal cord contusion injury was evaluated with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan （ BBB ） locomotor scale and motor evoked potentials. Additionally, the differentiation of human neural progenitor cells was shown by immunocytochemistry. Results： Human neural progenitor cells developed into functional cells in the injured spinal cord and improved the recovery of injured spinal cord in both locomotor scores and electrophysiological parameters in rats. Conclusions ： Human neural progenitor cells can treat injured spinal cord, which may provide a new cell source for research of clinical application.

The research of typical microbial functional group reveals a new oceanic carbon sequestration mechanism——A case of innovative method promoting scientific discovery

Marine microbes are major drivers of marine biogeochemical cycles and play critical roles in the ecosystems. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria(AAPB) are an important bacterial functional group with capability of harvesting light energy and wide distribution, and appear to have a particular role in the ocean's carbon cycling. Yet the global pattern of AAPB distribution was controversial at the beginning of the 21 st century due to the defects of the AAPB enumeration methods. An advanced time-series observation-based infrared epifluorescence microscopy(TIREM) approach was established to amend the existing AAPB quantitative deviation and led to the accurate enumeration of AAPB in marine environments. The abundance of AAPB and AAPB% were higher in coastal and continental shelf waters than in oceanic waters, which does not support the idea that AAPB are specifically adapted to oligotrophic conditions due to photosynthesis in AAPB acting a supplement to their organic carbon respiration. Further investigation revealed that dependence of AAPB on dissolved organic carbon produced by phytoplankton(PDOC) may limit their competition and control AAPB distribution. So, the selection of carbon sources by AAPB indicated that they can effectively fractionate the carbon flow in the sea. Enlightened by these findings, the following studies on the interactions between marine microbes and DOC led to the discovery of a new mechanism of marine carbon sequestration—the Microbial Carbon Pump(MCP). The conceptual framework of MCP addresses the sources and mechanism of the vast DOC reservoir in the ocean and represents a breakthrough in the theory of ocean carbon sequestration.

Fabrication, adsorption and photocatalytic properties of ZnTi0.6Fe1.4O4/Carbon nanotubes composites

ZnTixFe2-xO4 and ZnTi0.6Fe1.4O4/Carbon nanotubes （ZT0.6F1.4/CNTs） composites were prepared by chemical co-precipitation method. The composition, microstructure, magnetic property, adsorption and photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples were characterized by means of modem analytical techniques. The results indicated that ZT0.6F1.4CNTs composites not only held the original special structure and excellent adsorption properties of CNTs, but also had suitable magnetic property and excellent photocatalytic activity. The removal rate of the samples on Rhodamine B （RhB） depended on the adsorption of CNTs and the photocatalytic degradation of ZTo.6F1.4 in the composites. The maximum adsorption amount （qm） of ZT0.6F1.4/CNTs with the mass ratios of ZT0.6F1.4 to CNTs （mz/c）=l was up to 17.153 mg g-t for RhB, its adsorption behavior was in accord with Langmuir model, and its photocatalytic degradation activity on RhB had a positive correlation with the content of ZT0.6F1.4 in the sample. The experimental results indicate that the total removal rate of composite with rnz/c=l on RhB was more than 95% and the composite had good decontamination capability on industrial dye wastewater. In addition, the samples can be recovered conveniently, activated easily and had good performance for recycling.