This article explores the potential resources of the Bakhtin＇s theory of dialogism and its core concepts for the development of the philosophy and methodology of the human sciences. Focusing on Bakhtin＇s late essays...This article explores the potential resources of the Bakhtin＇s theory of dialogism and its core concepts for the development of the philosophy and methodology of the human sciences. Focusing on Bakhtin＇s late essays： ＂The Problem of the Text in Linguistics, Philology, and the Human Sciences; From Notes Made in 1970-71;＂ and ＂Toward a Methodology for the Human Sciences,＂ the author deals with such concepts as sense, semantic whole, superaddressee, the third, and outsideness. Metalinguistics is interpreted as a philosophical approach to the problems of humanities methodology. The specifics of the human sciences, which Bakhtin put to the question, are described in comparison and correlation with the natural sciences. The author elaborates the idea of the communicative three-part relationship or trilogue （as a development of the dialogue）. The role of the superaddressee as the third participant of the trilogue between the researcher （the subject） and the text （the object） is discussed. The notion semantic whole and its implementation in the process of the sense＇s becoming （development） are analyzed.展开更多
One can distinguish three levels in the integrative unity of knowledge and norms （assessments）, which is termed bioethics. The first level is theoretical. It is connected with the facts and truths. The second level ...One can distinguish three levels in the integrative unity of knowledge and norms （assessments）, which is termed bioethics. The first level is theoretical. It is connected with the facts and truths. The second level deals with establishing of certain standards and rules of conduct, with the monitoring of their implementation and the assessment of the results of implementation/violation of norms. The third level is associated with individual behavior, formed on the basis of relevant knowledge （or lack of it, as is evident from the table）, and the rules governing its application. Theoretical Bioethics is an integral part of Philosophy---the practical Bioethics is directly related to Law and applied Bioethics deals with the personal standards of specific behavior in concrete situations. Social need for regulatory control of any activity with living entities has led to rapid development of practical Bioethics, while its philosophical content developed more slowly. This creates a conflict of norms and values, hampering the adoption of individual decisions now in the field of applied Bioethics. Deontologization of Bioethics can lead to the fact that it will lose its philosophical content and become a specific area of Law. This, in turn, leads to the dehumanization of Bioethics. It is therefore necessary to conduct a methodological analysis of the relationship of Philosophy, Bioethics and Law, the results of which will focus the researchers on the synchronization of the axiological, praxeological and ethical components of scientific research in order to preserve the intellectual integrity of Bioethics.展开更多
文摘This article explores the potential resources of the Bakhtin＇s theory of dialogism and its core concepts for the development of the philosophy and methodology of the human sciences. Focusing on Bakhtin＇s late essays： ＂The Problem of the Text in Linguistics, Philology, and the Human Sciences; From Notes Made in 1970-71;＂ and ＂Toward a Methodology for the Human Sciences,＂ the author deals with such concepts as sense, semantic whole, superaddressee, the third, and outsideness. Metalinguistics is interpreted as a philosophical approach to the problems of humanities methodology. The specifics of the human sciences, which Bakhtin put to the question, are described in comparison and correlation with the natural sciences. The author elaborates the idea of the communicative three-part relationship or trilogue （as a development of the dialogue）. The role of the superaddressee as the third participant of the trilogue between the researcher （the subject） and the text （the object） is discussed. The notion semantic whole and its implementation in the process of the sense＇s becoming （development） are analyzed.
文摘One can distinguish three levels in the integrative unity of knowledge and norms （assessments）, which is termed bioethics. The first level is theoretical. It is connected with the facts and truths. The second level deals with establishing of certain standards and rules of conduct, with the monitoring of their implementation and the assessment of the results of implementation/violation of norms. The third level is associated with individual behavior, formed on the basis of relevant knowledge （or lack of it, as is evident from the table）, and the rules governing its application. Theoretical Bioethics is an integral part of Philosophy---the practical Bioethics is directly related to Law and applied Bioethics deals with the personal standards of specific behavior in concrete situations. Social need for regulatory control of any activity with living entities has led to rapid development of practical Bioethics, while its philosophical content developed more slowly. This creates a conflict of norms and values, hampering the adoption of individual decisions now in the field of applied Bioethics. Deontologization of Bioethics can lead to the fact that it will lose its philosophical content and become a specific area of Law. This, in turn, leads to the dehumanization of Bioethics. It is therefore necessary to conduct a methodological analysis of the relationship of Philosophy, Bioethics and Law, the results of which will focus the researchers on the synchronization of the axiological, praxeological and ethical components of scientific research in order to preserve the intellectual integrity of Bioethics.
