论法学经典阅读中的结构性思维

法学作为一门偏实践型学科,往往忽视了对经典阅读的教育与指导。经典阅读能够培养和训练学生的结构性思维和能力,有效提高学生的理解力、阅读力、写作力和思想力。基于此,介绍了结构性思维的3个方面,以读书报告为例,阐述了结构性思维的实践,并论述了运用结构性思维阅读经典的意义。

经济法学研究中经典阅读的困境与迷失

经济法作为一门新兴学科，本专业经典文献并不多，导致许多经济法学者都转而研读经济学等领域的经典．但因此形成的经济法成果就成了“四不像”，经济学界视其浅薄，理论深度不够；而法学界认为其对规则的研究不足。多为制度稗贩，难以生成经典。在经济法学的研究中，我们要回归法学经典的阅读，通过对法学经典的研读来凝聚经济法研究的共识，从而推动经济法学向前发展。此外，对于外文经典以及经济学经典，应当采用辩证的态度，扬弃的吸收。

经典著作研读在法学课程教学中的创新应用及价值研究

经典著作研读课首先要选择适合法学教学的经典著作文本,文本的思想性、所涉及问题的根本性、传承性是决定其成为经典作品的重要因素。经典著作研读课程对于法学教育具有重要的价值和意义,它能够帮助法科学生掌握法学方法、明晰知识谱系、形成批判性思维。教师的精心准备是法学经典著作研读课程是否能够取得成功的关键,此外教师应该精心组织学生围绕着经典作品文本进行课堂讨论,引导学生提出问题,解决问题,提升逻辑思维能力和批判性思维,同时革新课程考核和教学评估的方法。

民商法论丛(第二卷)

本书为我国民商法理论研究最高水准的大型丛书,书中辟有[法学经典]、[法学方法论]、[专题研究]、[域外法]、[硕士学位论文]、[资料]栏目。本卷为谢怀栻先生从事民法50周年纪念特辑,书中收录了谢老于1993年海峡两岸民商法研讨会上的发言《两岸民事立法的互动与趋同》。本书译载了德国伟大的民法学家鲁道夫·冯·耶林的名著《为权利而斗争》、日本著名学者加藤一郎先生的《民法的解释与利益衡量》、日本东京大学民法教授内田贵先生的《当代契约法的新发展与一般条款》。

Theoretical Study on Stereodynamics of Reactions of N（^2D）＋H2→NH＋H and N（^2D）＋D2→ND＋D

The vector correlations between products and reagents for the title reactions have been calculated by the quasi-classical trajectory method at a collision energy of 21.32 kJ/mol on an accurate potential energy surface of Ho et al. （J. Chem. Phys. 119, 3063 （2003））. The peaks of the product angular distribution are found to be in both backward and forward directions for the two title reactions. The product rotational angular momentum is not only aligned, but also oriented along the negative direction of y-axis. These theoretical results are in good agreement with recent experimental findings for the two title reactions. The isotopic effect is also revealed and primarily attributed to the difference of the mass factor in the two title reactions.

牢记大学出版社办社宗旨 努力为教学和科研服务

牢记大学出版社办社宗旨 努力为教学和科研服务中国政法大学出版社社长池源淳现将我们牢记大学出版社办社宗旨，努力贯彻为教学和科研服务方针的情况作个简单的汇报。一、从大学出版社的实际出发，严格把握出书的正确方向在错综复杂的市场竞争中，始终坚持正确的出书方向...

Theories and Applications of Mixed Quantum-Classical Non-adiabatic Dynamics

Electronically non-adiabatic processes are essential parts of photochemical process, collisions of excited species, electron transfer processes, and quantum information processing. Various non-adiabatic dynamics methods and their numerical implementation have been developed in the last decades. This review summarizes the most significant development of mixed quantum-classical methods and their applications which mainly include the Liouville equa- tion, Ehrenfest mean-field, trajectory surface hopping, and multiple spawning methods. The recently developed quantum trajectory mean-field method that accounts for the decoherence corrections in a parameter-free fashion is discussed in more detail.

Quasi-Classical Trajectory Study on O＋＋DH（v=0,j=0）→OD＋＋H Reaction at Different Collision Energy

The quasi-classical trajectory calculations O＋＋DH（v=0,j=0）→OD＋＋H reactions on the RODRIGO potential energy surface have been carried out to study the isotope effect on stereo-dynamics at the collision energies of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 eV. The distributions of dihedral angle P（~r） and the distributions of P（Or） are discussed. Furthermore, the angular distributions of the product rotational vectors in the form of polar plot in θr and φr are calculated. The differential cross section shows interesting phenomenon that the reaction is dominated by the direct reaction mechanism. Reaction probability and reaction cross section are also calculated. The calculations indicate that the stereo-dynamics properties of the title reactions are sensitive to the collision energy.

New generation of breast cancer clinical trials implementing molecular profiling

The implementation of molecular profiling technologies in oncology deepens our knowledge for the molecular landscapes of cancer diagnoses, identifying aberrations that could be linked with specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. In particular, there is an increasing list of molecularly targeted anticancer agents undergoing clinical development that aim to block specific molecular aberrations. This leads to a paradigm shift, with an increasing list of specific aberrations dictating the treatment of patients with cancer. This paradigm shift impacts the field of clinical trials, since the classical approach of having clinico-pathological disease characteristics dictating the patients' enrolment in oncology trials shifts towards the implementation of molecular profiling as prescreening step. In order to facilitate the successful clinical development of these new anticancer drugs within specific molecular niches of cancer diagnoses, there have been developed new, innovative trial designs that could be classified as follows: i)longitudinal cohort studies that implement(or not) "nested" downstream trials, 2) studies that assess the clinical utility of molecular profiling, 3) "master" protocol trials, iv) "basket" trials, v) trials following an adaptive design. In the present article, we review these innovative study designs, providing representative examples from each category and we discuss the challenges that still need to be addressed in this era of new generation oncology trials implementing molecular profiling. Emphasis is put on the field of breast cancer clinical trials.

Symmetry Analysis and Exact Solutions of (2+1)-Dimensional Sawada-Kotera Equation

Based on the symbolic computation system Maple, the infinite-dimensional symmetry group of the （2＋1）- dimensional Sawada-Kotera equation is found by the classical Lie group method and the characterization of the group properties is given. The symmetry groups are used to perform the symmetry reduction. Moreover, with Lou＇s direct method that is based on Lax pairs, we obtain the symmetry transformations of the Sawada-Kotera and Konopelchenko Dubrovsky equations, respectively.

A simple analytical method for deflation prediction of inflatable structures

The static performance of inflatable structures has been well studied and the dynamic deployment simulation has received much attention. However, very few studies focus on its deflation behavior. Although there are several dynamic finite element algorithms that can be applied to the deflation simulation, their computation costs are expensive, especially for large scale structures. In this work, a simple method based on classic thermodynamics and the analytical relationship between air and membrane was proposed to efficiently analyze the air state variables under the condition of ventilation. Combined with failure analysis of static bearing capacity, a fast incremental analytical method was presented to predict both elastic and post wrinkling deflation process of inflatable structures. Comparisons between simplified analysis, dynamic finite element simulation, and a full-scale experimental test are presented and the suitability of this simple method for solving the air state and predicting the deflation behavior of inflatable structures is proved.

Application of ICT in Schools

The rhythm and lifestyle of the twenty-first century are closely connected to information and communication technology （ICT） which is essential for further development of the economy and society. In the world of globalization and rapid changes, the application of ICT in schools has become a significant factor of social development. Classic methods of teaching as well as managing a school interweave with the modern ones. Lifelong learning has become a necessity. The extent of ICT application is demonstrated in this paper.

Nature of Gravitation.The Structural Intuition of Gravitation in the Framework of Early Modern Mechanical Philosophy

As is generally known, Newton＇s notion of universal gravitation surpassed various theories of particular gravities in the early modem age, as represented mainly by Kepler and Hooke. In his seminal work Hooke and the Law of Universal Gravitation： A Reappraisal of a Reappraisal Richard S. Westfall argues that Hooke could not reach beyond the concept of spatially bounded particular gravities, as he deployed the method of analogy between the material principle of congruity and incongruity and the extension of gravitational spheres and their action at a distance. However, the doctrine of universal gravitation does not exclude the nature of particular gravities; it is predicated on the notion of an infinite expansion of individual-gravitational spheres and their uniform nature, namely the mutual and centripetal attraction. In my treatise 1 attempt to reinvestigate the nature and structure of gravitation, as established historically in the framework of Newtonian Classical Mechanics, by a method of structural intuition. It examines how the structural intuition, as represented in the celestial-mechanical intuitions of Hooke and Kepler, could unfold into an innovative process within the context of early modem mechanical philosophy, attaining thus a historical siglaificance and legitimacy as against the prevailing Newtonian method of geometric-mathematical axiomatization of mechanical principles. It also explores the actual demonstrative features of the tidal phenomenon with regard to its lunar- and solar-gravitational causation, which has been considered to date to be an important piece of empirical evidence for the theory of universal gravitation.

The Dilemma Between the Heterodox-the Orthodox Economics and Its Ideology

Economic movements have close relation with historical transformations. Historical and social transformations have seriously determined economic views, so, economic movements have been the indicators of economic wars of social classes. But no concept can describe sharp contrast in economics better than the two opponent concepts in economics： ＂orthodox＂ and ＂heterodox＂ economics. In this article, the reason why neo-classic economics, also called as orthodox economics, has a serious place in economic literature while the opponent＇s economic movements, named heterodox economics, do not defend only one ＂truth＂ and are not as important as orthodox economics will be examined. While doing this examination, Louis Althusser＇s ＂ideology＂ and Antonio Gramsci＇s ＂hegemony＂ will help us as these two concepts are quite instructive in understanding the irreplaceable significance of orthodox economics. As a result, by discussing alternative point of views about economics, positive emphasis of multivocality in economics literature will be revealed. On the other hand, every heterodox economics cannot criticize orthodox economics in the same way. In this study, institutional economics, which is accepted to be part of heterodox economics, will be discussed thoroughly. Institutional economics had a serious attitude against orthodox economics. In this study, generally the points in orthodox economics that institutional economics opposes will be emphasized, and although both economics approaches＇ ideological attitude will be attempted to be discussed generally, it will become easy to discuss the reason why heterodox economics developed an opposing ideology against the ideology of orthodox economics.

Quasi-classical Trajectory Study of F-I-H20→HF-I-OH Reaction： Influence of Barrier Height, Reactant Rotational Excitation, and Isotopic Substitution

The reaction dynamics of the F＋H20/D20→HF/DF＋OH/OD are investigated on an accurate potential energy surface （PES） using a quasi-classical trajectory method. For both isotopomers, the hydrogen/deuterium abstraction reaction is dominated by a direct rebound mechanism over a very low ＂reactant-like＂ barrier, which leads to a vibrationally hot HF/DF product with an internally cold OH/OD companion. It is shown that the lowered reaction barrier on this PES, as suggested by high-level ab initio calculations, leads to a much better agreement with the experimental reaction cross section, but has little impact on the product state distributions and mode selectivity. Our results further indicate that rotational excitation of the H20 reactant leads to significant enhancement of the reactivity, suggesting a strong coupling with the reaction coordinate.

Strong Analog Classical Simulation of Coherent Quantum Dynamics

A strong analog classical simulation of general quantum evolution is proposed, which serves as a novel scheme in quantum computation and simulation. The scheme employs the approach of geometric quantum mechanics and quantum informational technique of quantum tomography, which applies broadly to cases of mixed states, nonunitary evolution, and infinite dimensional systems. The simulation provides an intriguing classical picture to probe quantum phenomena, namely, a coherent quantum dynamics can be viewed as a globally constrained classical Hamiltonian dynamics of a collection of coupled particles or strings. Efficiency analysis reveals a fundamental difference between the locality in real space and locality in Hilbert space, the latter enables efficient strong analog classical simulations. Examples are also studied to highlight the differences and gaps among various simulation methods.

BED-CEIA估计HIV-1新近感染率的有效性及其影响因素的评价

在艾滋病流行病学研究中,衡量艾滋病流行趋势最常用的指标是HIV累积感染率和新近感染率.与累积感染率相比,新近感染率对艾滋病流行趋势预测、干预效果评价以及防制策略的制定等能提供更直接的信息.在获取新近感染率的方法中,除了经典的流行病学队列随访方法,目前普遍使用的血清学方法之一是IgG捕获BED酶联免疫法（BED-CEIA）.2001年,美国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）艾滋病免疫和诊断室评估了16种基于不同抗体和原理的HIV-1新近感染检测方法,发现新近感染者与既往感染者相比,各种抗体滴度均较低;其中gp41抗体滴度在新近感染者和既往感染者中的差别最大,两者的滴度区间几乎没有重叠,新近感染者的gp41抗体亲和力低于既往感染者,从而认为gp41抗体能够区分新近感染者和既往感染者,并且酶联免疫实验操作相对简单、效果也较理想,因此该室着手开发基于gp41抗体的HIV-1新近感染检测的酶联免疫方法[1].