Two wild mushrooms frequently consumed in Jordan were collected form Jordan forests in spring 2012. Each sample was studied in the lab by taking measurements on the morphological structures of the cap, stem, and recor...Two wild mushrooms frequently consumed in Jordan were collected form Jordan forests in spring 2012. Each sample was studied in the lab by taking measurements on the morphological structures of the cap, stem, and recording gill＇s color, shape and dimensions. Also smell and taste for each fruiting structure were taken in consideration. Spore print for each sample was also defined. Spores of each mushroom were microscopically tested and measured. These mushrooms were identified as Pleurotus eryngi and Tricholoma terreum. The two mushrooms were evaluated for their physical properties, chemical and mineral composition. Contents of Ca, Na, K, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe and Mg were determined. For each mushroom species two mixed samples were analyzed. Nitrogen content was detected with Kjeldahl method and protein content （%） was calculated by multiplying nitrogen content with the factor 4.38. The highest protein content calculated on oven dry weight basis was found in Pleurotus eryngi which was around 30.6%, while Tricholoma terreum contained lowest protein content （17.4%）. Pleurotus eryngi accumulated trace elements at high ratios as for P, Ca and Na 0.99%, 0.65% and 0.57% respectively while Tricholoma terreum contained more K （5.1%） than the other wild mushroom. Total soluble carbohydrates （50.8%）, crude fiber （13.4%） and ash （12.2%） percentages were higher in Tricholoma terreum than in Pleurotus eryngi.展开更多
[Abstract] Objective： By studying the mode and morphologic character of high fall injuries on the scene, and exploring the injury situation of different heights, different fall ways and postures, to provide a referen...[Abstract] Objective： By studying the mode and morphologic character of high fall injuries on the scene, and exploring the injury situation of different heights, different fall ways and postures, to provide a reference for the foren- sic identification of high fall injury. Methods： All the high fall cases were statistically analysed according to their gender, age, ground-touching posture, fall height, site and type of the injury. Results： Among 134 high fall cases, 98 were male and 36 were female with the age ranging from 2-71 years （37.6 ＋16.9 on average）, in which, 10-60 years old group con- sisted of 110 cases （82%）. Most cases fell from windows orroofs （73%） and the touching objects were cement ground or shaft bottom of elevators. Among these cases, head injury was generally serious, followed by chest and abdominal injuries. The morphologic changes depend upon the height, nature, as well as the posture at the point while the body touches the ground. Conclusion： Morphologic study of high fall injury assists medicolegal physicians to make correct identifica- tions of the cause and nature of high fall injuries.展开更多
Objective： To study the patterns and morphologic characteristics of blunt head injury and analyse its formative mechanism in attempt to provide references for medicolegal expertise. Methods： The statistical analysi...Objective： To study the patterns and morphologic characteristics of blunt head injury and analyse its formative mechanism in attempt to provide references for medicolegal expertise. Methods： The statistical analysis was done in terms of gender, age, as well as the nature, pattern, location, and feature of the injuries. Results： Among the 202 cases of head injury-induced death, 124 were male and 78 female with the age ranging from 1-81 years. Death caused by homicide was dominant （106, 52.5%）, followed by suicide （49, 24.3%） and accident （44, 21.8%）. The majority of suicide-induced death were byfalling from height, and traffic crash was responsible for majority of unexpected death cases. The morphology and pathogenesis of the injuries varied according to differences on the mode, magnitude, and orientation of the outside force giving rise to blunt injury as well as the character of vulnerants. Conclusion： Studies on the morphology and its forma- tive rationale of blunt head injury will offer easy access to medicolegal expertise on the mode and character of the injury.展开更多
This paper describes the calculation method for unsteady state conditions in the secondary air systems in gas turbines. The 1D-3D-Structure coupled method was applied. A 1D code was used to model the standard componen...This paper describes the calculation method for unsteady state conditions in the secondary air systems in gas turbines. The 1D-3D-Structure coupled method was applied. A 1D code was used to model the standard components that have typical geometric characteristics. Their flow and heat transfer were described by empirical correlations based on experimental data or CFD calculations. A 3D code was used to model the non-standard components that cannot be described by typical geometric languages, while a finite element analysis was carried out to compute the structural deformation and heat conduction at certain important positions. These codes were coupled through their interfaces. Thus, the changes in heat transfer and structure and their interactions caused by exterior disturbances can be reflected. The results of the coupling method in an unsteady state showed an apparent deviation from the existing data, while the results in the steady state were highly consistent with the existing data. The difference in the results in the unsteady state was caused primarily by structural deformation that cannot be predicted by the 1D method. Thus, in order to obtain the unsteady state performance of a secondary air system more accurately and efficiently, the 1D-3D-Structure coupled method should be used.展开更多
文摘Two wild mushrooms frequently consumed in Jordan were collected form Jordan forests in spring 2012. Each sample was studied in the lab by taking measurements on the morphological structures of the cap, stem, and recording gill＇s color, shape and dimensions. Also smell and taste for each fruiting structure were taken in consideration. Spore print for each sample was also defined. Spores of each mushroom were microscopically tested and measured. These mushrooms were identified as Pleurotus eryngi and Tricholoma terreum. The two mushrooms were evaluated for their physical properties, chemical and mineral composition. Contents of Ca, Na, K, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe and Mg were determined. For each mushroom species two mixed samples were analyzed. Nitrogen content was detected with Kjeldahl method and protein content （%） was calculated by multiplying nitrogen content with the factor 4.38. The highest protein content calculated on oven dry weight basis was found in Pleurotus eryngi which was around 30.6%, while Tricholoma terreum contained lowest protein content （17.4%）. Pleurotus eryngi accumulated trace elements at high ratios as for P, Ca and Na 0.99%, 0.65% and 0.57% respectively while Tricholoma terreum contained more K （5.1%） than the other wild mushroom. Total soluble carbohydrates （50.8%）, crude fiber （13.4%） and ash （12.2%） percentages were higher in Tricholoma terreum than in Pleurotus eryngi.
基金The paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing of China，the Key Projects Foundation of the Ministry of Public Security
文摘[Abstract] Objective： By studying the mode and morphologic character of high fall injuries on the scene, and exploring the injury situation of different heights, different fall ways and postures, to provide a reference for the foren- sic identification of high fall injury. Methods： All the high fall cases were statistically analysed according to their gender, age, ground-touching posture, fall height, site and type of the injury. Results： Among 134 high fall cases, 98 were male and 36 were female with the age ranging from 2-71 years （37.6 ＋16.9 on average）, in which, 10-60 years old group con- sisted of 110 cases （82%）. Most cases fell from windows orroofs （73%） and the touching objects were cement ground or shaft bottom of elevators. Among these cases, head injury was generally serious, followed by chest and abdominal injuries. The morphologic changes depend upon the height, nature, as well as the posture at the point while the body touches the ground. Conclusion： Morphologic study of high fall injury assists medicolegal physicians to make correct identifica- tions of the cause and nature of high fall injuries.
文摘Objective： To study the patterns and morphologic characteristics of blunt head injury and analyse its formative mechanism in attempt to provide references for medicolegal expertise. Methods： The statistical analysis was done in terms of gender, age, as well as the nature, pattern, location, and feature of the injuries. Results： Among the 202 cases of head injury-induced death, 124 were male and 78 female with the age ranging from 1-81 years. Death caused by homicide was dominant （106, 52.5%）, followed by suicide （49, 24.3%） and accident （44, 21.8%）. The majority of suicide-induced death were byfalling from height, and traffic crash was responsible for majority of unexpected death cases. The morphology and pathogenesis of the injuries varied according to differences on the mode, magnitude, and orientation of the outside force giving rise to blunt injury as well as the character of vulnerants. Conclusion： Studies on the morphology and its forma- tive rationale of blunt head injury will offer easy access to medicolegal expertise on the mode and character of the injury.
基金supported by funds from National natural science foundation of China(Grant No.51176004)
文摘This paper describes the calculation method for unsteady state conditions in the secondary air systems in gas turbines. The 1D-3D-Structure coupled method was applied. A 1D code was used to model the standard components that have typical geometric characteristics. Their flow and heat transfer were described by empirical correlations based on experimental data or CFD calculations. A 3D code was used to model the non-standard components that cannot be described by typical geometric languages, while a finite element analysis was carried out to compute the structural deformation and heat conduction at certain important positions. These codes were coupled through their interfaces. Thus, the changes in heat transfer and structure and their interactions caused by exterior disturbances can be reflected. The results of the coupling method in an unsteady state showed an apparent deviation from the existing data, while the results in the steady state were highly consistent with the existing data. The difference in the results in the unsteady state was caused primarily by structural deformation that cannot be predicted by the 1D method. Thus, in order to obtain the unsteady state performance of a secondary air system more accurately and efficiently, the 1D-3D-Structure coupled method should be used.
